STATE  OF  NORTH  CAROLINA 


PLAN  OF  REORGANIZATION 

OF 

State  Departments,  Boards  and  Commissions 

SUBMITTED  BY 

THE  STATE  AUDITOR 

TO  THE 


C3S5 


GOVERNOR  AND  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY 

1923 


STATE  OF  NORTH  CAROLINA 


PLAN  OF  REORGANIZATION 


State  Departments,  Boards  and  Commissions 


SUBMITTED  BY 


THE  STATE  AUDITOR 


TO  THE 


* 


GOVERNOR  AND  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY 

1923 


RALEIGH 

Mitchell  Printing  Company 
State  Printers 
1923 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL 


To  H is  Excellency ,  Cameron  Morrison, 

Governor  of  North  Carolina. 

Sir  : — The  following  report  on  the  proposed  reorganization  of  the 
State  Departments,  Boards,  and  Commissions  is  herewith  submitted  for 
your  consideration. 

With  the  increased  activities  and  new  enterprises  undertaken  from 
time  to  time  by  the  State,  it  has  been  inevitable  that  separate  agencies 
be  created  to  take  care  adequately  of  such  works,  but  the  State  has  out¬ 
grown  many  of  its  systems  because  of  increased  demands  made  upon  it ; 
and  up  to  the  time  this  organization  work  was  attempted,  nothing  has 
been  done  toward  simplifying  the  many  agencies  embracing  the  admin¬ 
istrative  work,  nor  an  effort  made  to  determine  whether  or  not  the 
various  departments  and  boards — which  have  ably  served — might  not  be 
improved  and  operated  at  less  cost  through  a  general  recasting  of  the 
entire  structure. 

Such  reorganization  of  administrative  departments  has  been  carried 
on  and  successfully  accomplished  in  eight  states,  namely :  Illinois,  Ohio, 
Nebraska,  Idaho,  California,  Massachusetts,  Washington,  and  Maryland. 
Several  other  states,  notably  New  York,  will  undoubtedly  put  through  a 
similar  plan  of  reorganization  in  the  near  future. 

The  premise  on  which  the  work  here  has  been  conducted  was  not  to 
criticise  the  existing  organization,  but  to  improve  the  efficiency  and 
effectiveness  of  our  State  agencies,  which  are  capably  managed  under 
expert  guidance.  The  recommendations  are  the  result  of  several  months 
of  close  and  careful  study  of  the  various  departments,  boards,  and  com¬ 
missions,  and  the  laws  creating  and  governing  them,  and  which  they  are 
required  to  administer. 

It  was  found  that  sixty-six  separate  and  distinct  State  agencies,  not 
including  the  institutions,  are  today  carrying  on  the  State’s  business.  It 
is  proposed  that  these  various  boards  and  commissions  be  consolidated 
into  sixteen  major  departments,  headed  in  each  instance  by  the  constitu- 


tional  officers;  and  commissioners  appointed  by  the  Governor  by  and  with 
the  consent  of  the  Senate.  The  report  recommends  that  some  thirty-six 
boards  and  commissions,  as  such,  be  abolished,  but  their  functions  be 
continued  and  transferred  to  those  departments  to  which  they  are 
related.  The  present  elective  officials,  now  numbering  fourteen,  will,  if 
the  recommendations  are  enacted  into  law,  be  reduced  to  the  seven  con¬ 
stitutional  officers,  and  the  balance  will  be  appointed  by  the  Governor. 

The  recommendations  require  statutory  action  only,  and  are  embodied 
in  an  act  known  as  “The  Civil  Administrative  Code  of  North  Carolina,” 
which  outlines  the  proposed  regrouping  of  the  State  departments,  the 
transfer  of  powers  and  duties  of  those  agencies  which  are  to  be  abolished 
under  the  act,  and  powers  and  duties  of  the  proposed  departments.  In 
other  words,  the  Code  provides  the  machinery  whereby  the  General 
Assembly  can  act  and  make  the  reorganization  effective. 

I  do  not  attempt  to  forecast  the  savings  which  may  be  made  should 
these  recommendations  for  simplifying  and  improving  the  State  depart¬ 
ments  be  written  into  the  law.  Similar  reorganizations  made  in  the 
states  mentioned  above  have  resulted,  according  to  statements  of  the 
respective  governors,  in  large  economies.  However,  the  great  merit 
of  the  proposals,  it  seems  to  me,  lies  in  the  indirect  saving  reflected 
through  increased  efficiency,  adequate  provision  for  existing  conditions 
as  well  as  future  growth,  and  above  all,  the  rendition  of  greater  and 
larger  service  to  the  people,  factors  whose  value  cannot  be  measured  in 
terms  of  dollars  and  cents,  but  in  terms  of  progress  and  service. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

* 


State  Auditor. 


/£3t,d*h 


CONTENTS 

PART  I.  Summary  of  Recommendations  :  page 

Present  and  Proposed  Departments,  Boards  and  Commissions .  9 

Adoption  of  Recommendations .  13 

Summary  of  Organization  of  Proposed  Departments .  15 

PART  II.  Findings  and  Proposals  : 

Scope  and  Extent  of  Investigation .  33 

Defects  of  Present  Organization .  33 

Governing  Principles  and  Proposals .  37 


PART  III.  Organization  of  Present  and  Proposed  Departments  : 

Department  of  Administration  . 

Department  of  State  . 

Department  of  Audit  and  Control . 

Department  of  the  Treasury  . 

Department  of  Education  . 

Department  of  Law  . 

Department  of  Agriculture  . 

Department  of  Health . 

Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue . 

Department  of  Natural  Resources  . . 

Department  of  Labor  and  Industry . 

Department  of  Public  Utilities . 

Department  of  Highways  and  Public  Works . 

Department  of  Banking  and  Insurance . 

Department  of  Military  Affairs  . 

Department  of  Welfare  . 


43 

51 

53 

55 
57 
70 
73 
77 
80 
82 

56 
90 
92 
95 
97 

100 


PART  IV.  Experience  of  Other  States  : 

Experience  of  Other  States  in  Reorganization .  115 


PART  Y.  Exhibits 


119 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2019  with  funding  from 
University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill 


https://archive.org/details/planofreorganiza02nort 


PART  ONE 

SUMMARY  OF  RECOMMENDATIONS 


PRESENT  AND  PROPOSED  DEPARTMENTS/  BOARDS 

AND  COMMISSIONS 

Tlie  administrative  departments  of  tire  State  will  be  limited  to  sixteen ; 
the  advisory  and  non-executive  boards  attached  to  such  departments  will 
be  limited  to  fourteen.  Thirty-nine  boards  and  commissions  and  agen¬ 
cies  will  be  abolished  and  their  functions  transferred  to  the  proper 
department. 

The  following  table  summarizes:  (1)  the  proposed  departments;  (2) 
advisory  boards  which  are  to  be  established  or  continued;  and  (3)  the 
agencies  which  are  to  be  abolished  and  their  functions,  coordinated  with 
the  proposed  departments.  Proposed  transfer  of  nonrelated  functions 
from  one  department  to  another  is  not  shown  here. 

I.  DEPARTMENT  OF  ADMINISTRATION 

Administrative  H eacl — Governor. 

Appointment  and  Term — Elected,  four  years. 

Advisory  Board,  (continued) — Council  of  State. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

Board  of  Internal  Improvements 

Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds 

Printing  Commission 

State  Board  of  Pensions 

Budget  Commission 

Salary  Standardization  Board 

Appomattox  Commission 

II.  DEPARTMENT  OF  STATE 

Administrative  Head — Secretary  of  State. 

Appointment  and  Term — Elected,  four  years. 

Advisory  Board — None. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

State  Board  of  Elections 
Board  of  State  Canvassers 
Municipal  Board  of  Control 

III.  DEPARTMENT  OF  AUDIT  AND  CONTROL 

Administrative  Head  State  Auditoi. 

Appointment  and  Term— Elected,  four  years. 

Advisory  Board — None. 


10 


IV.  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  TREASURY 

Administrative  Head — State  Treasurer. 

Appointment  and  Term — Elected,  four  years. 

Advisory  Board — None. 

V.  DEPARTMENT  OF  EDUCATION 

Administrative  Head — Superintendent  ot  Public  Instruction. 
Appointment  and  Term — Elected,  four  years. 

Advisory  Boards  (continued) — State  Board  of  Education,  Board  for 
Vocational  Education,  Historical  Commission. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

Text-book  Commission 

State  Committee  on  High  School  Text-books 

Library  Commission 

Trustees,  State  Library 

Trustees,  Law  Library 

College  Commission 

Board  of  Accountancy 

Board  of  Architectural  Examination  and  Registration 

Board  of  Chiropody  Examiners 

Board  of  Chiropractic  Examiners 

Board  of  Dental  Examiners 

Board  of  Embalmers 

Board  of  Registration  for  Engineers  and  Land  Surveyors 

Board  of  Medical  Examiners 

Board  of  Examiners  in  Optometry 

Board  of  Osteopathic  Examination  and  Registration 

Board  of  Pharmacy 

Board  of  Examiners  of  Trained  Nurses 
Board  of  Veterinary  Medical  Examiners 

VI.  DEPARTMENT  OF  LAW 

Administrative  Head — Attorney-General . 

Appointment  and  Term — Elected,  four  years. 

Advisory  Board — None. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

Commission  for  Revision  of  the  Laws 

VII.  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE 

Administrative  Head — Commissioner  of  Agriculture. 

Appointment  and  Term — By  Governor,  consent  of  Senate,  four  years. 
Advisory  Boards  (continued) — State  Board  of  Agriculture,  Joint 
Committee  for  Agricultural  Work. 


11 


Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred— 

Crop  Pest  Commission 
State  Standard  Keeper 

VIII.  DEPARTMENT  OF  HEALTH 

Administrative  Head — -Commissioner  of  Health. 

Appointment  and  Term — By  Governor,  consent  of  Senate,  four  years. 
Advisory  Board  (continued) — State  Board  of  Health. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

Quarantine  Board 

Board  of  Trustees,  N.  C.  Orthopaedic  Hospital 

IX.  DEPARTMENT  OF  TAXATION  AND  REVENUE 

Administrative  Head— Commissioner  of  Revenue. 

Appointment  and  Term — By  Governor,  consent  of  Senate,  four  years. 
Advisory  Board — Hone. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

State  Board  of  Equalization 

X.  DEPARTMENT  OF  NATURAL  RESOURCES 

Administrative  Head — Commissioner  of  Natural  Resources. 
Appointment  and  Term — By  Governor,  consent  of  Senate,  four  years. 
Advisory  Board  (established) — Commission  on  Natural  Resources. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred— 

Geological  Board 
Fisheries  Commission  Board 
Audubon  Society* 

XI.  DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR  AND  INDUSTRY 

Administrative  Head — Commissioner  of  Labor  and  Industry. 
Appointment  and  Term — -By  Governor,  consent  of  Senate,  four  years. 
Advisory  Board  (established) — Industrial  Council. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

Board  of  Commissioners  of  Navigation  and  Pilotage 

XII.  DEPARTMENT  OF  PUBLIC  UTILITIES 

Administrative  Head — Public  Utilities  Commissioners  (3). 
Appointment  and  Term — By  Governor,  consent  of  Senate,  six  years, 
overlapping. 

Advisory  Board — None. 


As  relating  to  enforcement  of  bird  and  game  laws  only. 


12 


XIII.  DEPARTMENT  OF  HIGHWAYS  AND  PUBLIC  WORKS 

Administrative  Head — Commissioner  of  Highv  ays  and  Public  orks. 
Appointment  and  Term — By  Governor,  consent  oi  Senate,  loin  years. 
Advisory  Board  (continued) — State  Highway  C  ommission. 

XIV.  DEPARTMENT  OF  BANKING  AND  INSURANCE 

Administrative  Head — Commissioner  of  Banking  and  Insuiance. 
Appointment  and  Term — By  Governor,  consent  of  Senate,  foui  years. 
A  dv isory  B oard — X one. 


XV.  DEPARTMENT  OF  MILITARY  AFFAIRS 

Administrative  Head — Adjutant  General. 

Appointment  and.  Term — By  Governor,  consent  of  Senate,  four  years. 
Advisory  Board — None. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

Soldier  Settlement  Board 

XVI.  DEPARTMENT  OF  WELFARE 

Administrative  Head — Commissioner  of  Welfare. 

Appointment  and  Term — By  Governor,  consent  ot  Senate,  four  years. 
Advisory  Boards  (continued  or  established) — State  Board  of  Chari¬ 
ties,  Advisory  Board  of  Parole,  Public  Welfare  Council,  Commission  on 
Mental  Hygiene. 

Agencies  Abolished  and  Functions  Transferred — 

Child  Welfare  Commission 

Board  of  Directors,  Hospital  for  the  Dangerous  Insane 


TEMPORARY  COMMISSIONS 

The  following  temporary  commissions  will  automatically  cease  to 
function  upon  completion  of  their  respective  assignments : 

Deconstruction  Commission 
Railroad  Stock  Commission 
Memorial  Building  Commission 
Special  Legislative  School  Commission 


ADOPTION  OF  RECOMMENDATIONS 

Every  recommendation  offered  in  the  following  summary  may  be  put 
into  effect  by  enactment  of  statutory  law  and  without  amending  the 
Constitution.  This  plan  has  been  followed  not  because  constitutional 
revision  is  unnecessary,  but  because  the  difficulty  encountered  in  such 
course  would  greatly  retard  and  delay  adoption  of  the  consolidation  plan. 
Rather  than  jeopardize  the  entire  program  through  insistence  upon  con¬ 
stitutional  amendments  at  the  outset,  we  frankly  accept  facts  as  they 
exist  and  urge  approval  by  the  executive  officers  and  General  Assembly 
of  the  plan  herein  set  forth,  fully  confident  that  once  effected  through 
statutory  enactment,  constitutional  amendment  will  logically  follow. 

The  proposals  represent  wdiat  we  believe  practicable  and  workable  at 
this  time.  We  believe  they  are  the  best  that  can  be  made  without  touch¬ 
ing  the  Constitution ;  but  upon  adoption  it  is  imperative  that  steps  be 
taken  to  further  simplify  the  State  government  and  to  insure  perma¬ 
nency  of  the  reorganization.  To  this  end,  the  following  amendments  are 
necessary  and  urged  : 

1.  An  amendment  to  the  Constitution  which  would  reduce  the  present 
elective  constitutional  officers  to  three,  namely,  the  Governor,  Lieutenant- 
Governor  and  the  Auditor,  the  latter,  as  the  chief  fiscal  officer  of  the 
State,  rightfully  retaining  his  independent  status.  This  means  that 
the  Secretary  of  State,  Treasurer,  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruc¬ 
tion  and  Attorney-General  will  be  appointed  by  the  Governor  as  will 
the  heads  of  the  other  administrative  departments.  This  will  complete 
the  placement  of  authority  and  responsibility  in  the  hands  of  the 
Governor,  making  real  Section  1,  Article  III,  of  the  Constitution,  which 
provides  that  in  the  Governor  “shall  be  vested  the  supreme  executive 
power  of  the  State.” 

2.  An  amendment  to  the  Constitution  which  provides  for  an  Executive 
Budget,  that  is,  a  budget  initiated  by  the  Governor,  as  the  responsible 
head  of  the  State  government,  who  will  be  charged  in  the  first  instance 
with  the  collecting,  reviewing  and  revision  of  the  departmental  estimates 
of  proposed  expenditures,  and  the  presentation  to  the  General  Assembly 
of  such  data,  together  with  anticipated  revenues  and  a  general  balance 
sheet  of  the  State’s  assets  and  liabilities. 

3.  An  amendment  to  the  Constitution  changing  the  membership  of 
the  State  Board  of  Education,  now  an  ex  officio  body  composed  of  the 
seven  constitutional  officers.  Under  this  amendment  the  State  Board 
of  Education  would  consist  of  seven  members,  two  to  be  women,  ap¬ 
pointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate.  Their  term  of 
office  would  be  seven  years,  one  to  expire  each  year. 

I.  An  amendment  to  the  Constitution  which  would  fix  therein  the 
proposed  reorganization  plan  in  its  entirety,  mentioning  the  proposed 
departments,  sixteen  in  number,  and  method  of  appointment  and  re¬ 
moval  of  department  heads.  This  amendment  is  most  important  of 


14 


all  for  it  is  tlie  only  way  to  guarantee  permanency  of  structure  and  to 
limit  the  establishment  of  new  departments.  Even  though  the  proposed 
plan  of  reorganization  set  forth  in  the  following  pages  were  made 
effective  by  enactment  of  the  1923  General  Assembly,  nothing  save  an 
amendment  to  the  Constitution  would  prevent  succeeding  general  assem¬ 
blies,  if  so  inclined,  from  completely  changing  the  scheme  of  returning 
to  the  old  system  of  creating  boards  and  commissions  without  plan  or 
purpose. 

To  sum  up,  our  recommendations  may  be  stated  as  (1)  adoption  of 
the  plan  of  reorganization  as  indicated  in  these  pages;  (2)  trial  of  the 
proposed  plan  for  a  period  of  two  years,  thus  providing  opportunity  for 
making  desirable  revision;  (3)  adoption  of  constitutional  amendments 
which  would  permanently  secure  the  plan,  fix  complete  executive  au¬ 
thority  and  responsibility,  and  prevent  aimless  expansion  of  departments 
and  boards. 

PURPOSE  OF  STATE  REORGANIZATION 

Detailed  discussion  of  the  recommendations  made  in  the  following 
pages  and  reasons  for  their  adoption  are  given  in  another  section  of  this 
report. 

The  objects  of  these  proposed  changes  are: 

1.  To  centralize,  as  far  as  possible,  executive  authority  and  responsi¬ 
bility  in  the  Governor,  making  him  in  fact,  as  well  as  in  name,  the 
chief  executive  officer  of  the  State. 

2.  To  simplify  the  organization  of  the  State  Government  through 
the'  establishment  of  a  few  major  departments  representing  the  group¬ 
ing  of  related  functions  now  performed  wholly  or  in  part  by  the 
numerous  existing  departments,  boards  and  commissions. 

3.  To  provide  an  intelligent  plan  for  the  future  growth  of  the  State’s 
activities  and  to  limit  the  addition  of  independent  and  unnecessary 
State  agencies. 

4.  I  o  effect  retrenchment  of  expenditure  and  economy  of  operation. 

Elective  Officers 

The  elective  officers  will  be  reduced  from  fourteen  to  seven,  namely, 
the  Governor,  Lieutenant-Governor,  Secretary  of  State,  Auditor,  Treas¬ 
urer,  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  Attorney-General.  These 
are  the  present  constitutional  officers  and  their  term  of  office  shall  con¬ 
tinue  to  be  four  years. 

I  he  (  ommissioner  of  Agriculture,  the  three  members  of  the  Corpora¬ 
tion  Commission,  Insurance  Commissioner,  Commissioner  of  Labor  and 
Printing  and  Commissioner  of  Revenue,  as  well  as  the  heads  of  all  other 
departments,  will  be  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  four  years, 
with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  and  removable  by  him. 

I  he  change  from  the  election  to  appointment  of  these  seven  officers 
require  only  statutory  revision. 


SUMMARY  OF  ORGANIZATION  OF  PROPOSED 

DEPARTMENTS 

There  are  sixty-six  independent  and  isolated  departments,  boards  and 
commissions  in  the  State  government.  Four  of  these,  the  Reconstruction 
Commission,  Railroad  Stock  Commission,  Memorial  Building  Commis¬ 
sion  and  Special  Legislative  School  Commission  are  temporary  and  will 
automatically  cease  to  exist  upon  completion  of  their  specific  work.  The 
remaining  sixty-two  will  be  consolidated  into  sixteen  major  departments 
as  follows : 

Department  of  Administration 
Department  of  State 
Department  of  Audit  and  Control 
Department  of  The  Treasury 
Department  of  Education 
Department  of  Law 
Department  of  Agriculture 
Department  of  Health 
Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue 
Department  of  Natural  Resources 
Department  of  Labor  and  Industry 
Department  of  Public  Utilities. 

Department  of  Highways  and  Public  Works 
Department  of  Banking  and  Insurance 
Department  of  Military  Affairs 
Department  of  Welfare 

Department  of  Administration 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Administration  will  he  the  Governor, 
whose  term  will  he  four  years. 

The  Department  of  Administration  will  consist  of 

1.  Bureau  of  Administration. 

2.  Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies. 

3.  Office  of  the  Superintendent  of 

Public  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  be  in  charge  of  a  director  ap¬ 
pointed  by  the  Governor  and  removable  by  him.  The  Bureau  will  be 
organized  into  divisions  if  the  volume  of  work  so  warrants.  The  director 
will  appoint  the  division  chiefs,  staff  assistants  and  other  employees  of 
the  Bureau.  It  will  perform  the  following  functions  : 

1.  Preparation  of  the  budget  under  the  general  supervision  of  the 
Governor. 


16 


2.  Standard  classification  of  salaries  and  positions  of  all  State 
employees. 

3.  Departmental  investigations  and  studies.  _ 

4.  Investigation  and  supervision  of  all  corporations  oi  works  ox 
internal  improvements  in  which  the  State  is  a  party  or  has  an  interest. 

5.  Standardization  of  the  form  and  content  of  all  departmental  and 
institutional  reports,  and  the  review  of  subject  matter. 

6.  Supervision  of  State  pension  system. 

The  activities  of  the  Budget  Commission,  Salary  Standardization 
Board,  Board  of  Internal  Improvements  and  State  Board  of  Pensions 
will  be  transferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Administration,  and  these  hoards 
and  commissions  as  such  will  be  abolished. 

The  Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies  will  be  supervised  by  a  director 
appointed  by  the  Governor  and  removable  by  him.  It  will  be  organized 
into  divisions  under  the  supervision  of  division  chiefs  appointed  by  the 
director  should  conditions  warrant.  It  will  have  the  following  activi¬ 
ties  : 

1.  The  purchase  of  supplies,  equipment  and  materials  for  all  State 
departments  and  institutions. 

2.  Supervision  of  all  State  printing.  This  will  include  the  proof¬ 
reading  and  publication  annually,  of  all  departmental  and  institutional 
reports. 

3.  Supervision  of  central  mailing  system,  mimeographing  and  multi¬ 
graphing. 

The  Printing  Commission  will  be  abolished  and  its  functions  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies.  State  printing  will  be 
transferred  from  the  present  Department  of  Labor  and  Printing  and 
supervised  in  this  Bureau. 

The  office  of  Superintendent  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds  will 
be  in  the  charge  of  a  Superintendent  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a 
term  of  four  years,  and  removable  by  him.  This  officer  will  have  super¬ 
vision  and  custody  of  the  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  and  he  will 
administer  the  functions  of  the  North  Carolina  Appomattox  Commis¬ 
sion  and  the  Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds  which  will  be 
abolished.  His  work  will  involve  direction  of  heating,  painting,  wiring, 
roofing  and  plumbing  repairs,  gardening,  care  of  trees,  repair  of  walks 
and  janitorial  service.  He  will  appoint  all  custodians,  janitors  and 
other  employees  for  the  Capitol,  Administration  Building,  State  Depart¬ 
ments  Building,  and  Agricultural  Building. 

The  Council  of  State  will  continue  as  at  present,  but  a  Governor’s 
Cabinet  will  be  established  consisting  of  the  Council  and  the  other  de¬ 
partment  heads.  Its  duties  will  be  advisory  as  at  present.  The  Council 
will  constitute  the  executive  committee  of  the  cabinet. 

These  changes  require  only  statutory  revision. 


17 


Department  of  State 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  State  will  be  the  Secretary  of  State 
elected  as  at  present,  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

The  Department  of  State  will  be  organized  into  three  bureaus  as  fol¬ 
lows  : 

1.  Bureau  of  Records 

2.  Corporation  Bureau 

3.  Bureau  of  Elections 

There  will  be  a  director  in  charge  of  each  Bureau,  appointed  by  the 
Secretary  of  State  and  who  shall  serve  at  his  pleasure. 

The  Municipal  Board  of  Control  will  be  abolished  and  its  functions 
transferred  to  the  Corporation  Bureau. 

The  State  Board  of  Elections  and  Board  of  State  Canvassers  will  be 
abolished  and  their  duties  transferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Elections. 

The  Automobile  License  Bureau  now  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Secretary  of  State  wTill  be  known  as  the  Bureau  of  Motor  Vehicles  and 
transferred  to  the  proposed  Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue. 

These  recommendations  require  only  statutory  changes. 

Department  of  Audit  and  Control 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Audit  and  Control  will  be  the  Auditor, 
who  wTill  be  elected  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

The  Auditor  will  continue  his  present  functions  which  relate  directly 
to  the  audit  and  control  of  State  revenues  and  expenditures  and  the  audit 
of  county  receipts  and  disbursements.  Pending  installation  of  the 
State’s  new  accounting  system  which  will  necessitate  certain  changes  in 
the  Auditor’s  office,  no  recommendations  are  made  here  as  to  the  Bureau 
organization  of  this  Department. 

The  State  Board  of  Pensions,  of  which  the  Auditor  is  a  member, 
will  be  abolished  and  the  review  of  pension  applications  submitted  by 
county  boards  of  pensions  and  the  revision  of  the  pension  rolls  will  be 
transferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Administration  in  the  Department  of  Ad¬ 
ministration.  The  Auditor  will  continue  to  issue  pension  warrants. 

The  issuance  of  franchise  tax  statements  to  corporations  and  collection 
notices  to  county  officers,  and  supervision  of  the  license  tax  on  Pullmans 
and  parlor  cars  will  be  transferred  to  the  Department  of  Taxation  and 
Revenue. 

The  above  changes  require  only  statutory  revision. 

Department  of  the  Treasury 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  the  Treasury  will  be  the  Treasurer 
elected  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

The  Treasury  Department  will  be  responsible  for  the  current  receipt, 
custody  and  control  of  all  public  revenues  from  whatever  source  and 

—2 


is 


the  disbursement  thereof.  It  will  also  supervise  the  handling  of  bond 
issues  as  provided  under  the  law.  The  Department  will  collect  no  taxes, 
such  being  the  function  of  the  Department  of  1  axation  and  Revenue, 
but  such  taxes  and  other  revenues  irrespective  of  the  collecting  agency, 
will  be  turned  over  currently  to  the  Department  of  the  Treasury  as  re¬ 
quired  by  statute. 

These  changes  require  statutory  enactment  only. 

Department  of  Education 

The  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  will  continue  as  the  head 
of  the  Department  of  Education,  and  will  be  elected  as  at  present  for  a 
term  of  four  years. 

The  State  Board  of  Education  will  continue  its  present  membership, 

i.e.,  the  seven  constitutional  officers,  but  except  as  provided  in  the  Con¬ 
stitution,  its  functions  shall  be  advisory.  The  administrative  functions 
of  the  Board  will  be  vested  in  the  Superintendent.  The  engineering  and 
taxation  functions  of  the  Board  in  regard  to  the  reclamation  and  assess¬ 
ment  of  swamp  lands  will  be  transferred  to  the  departments  of  High¬ 
ways  and  Public  Works  and  Taxation  and  Revenue  respectively. 

The  Department  will  be  organized  as  follows: 

1.  Bureau  of  Administration : 

Division  of  Plans  and  Buildings 
Division  of  Publications  and  Text-books 
Division  of  Statistics  and  Research 
Division  of  Attendance 
Division  of  Office  Management 

2.  Bureau  of  Elementary  and  Secondary  Education: 

Division  of  Certification 
Division  of  Teacher-Training 
Division  of  Negro  Education 
Division  of  Inspections 
Division  of  Illiteracy 

Division  of  Physical  Training  and  Recreation 

3.  Bureau  of  Extension 

4.  Bureau  of  Vocational  Education 

5.  Bureau  of  Registration 

6.  Bureau  of  Libraries 

7.  Bureau  of  History  and  Archives 

Each  Bureau  with  the  exception  of  the  Bureau  of  Administration 
will  be  under  the  supervision  of  a  Director  appointed  by  the  Superin¬ 
tendent  of  Public  Instruction,  who  will  serve  at  his  pleasure  The 
Superintendent  °f  Public  Instruction  will  be  in  charge  of  the  Bureau 
o  .  dmimstration ;  and  he  will  also  assume  the  duties  of  the  College 
Commission  for  Regulating  Degrees  which  will  be  abolished. 


in 


The  Text-book  Commission  and  the  State  Committee  on  High  School 
Text-books  will  be  abolished  and  their  duties  transferred  to  the  Division 
of  Publications  and  Text-books  of  the  Bureau  of  Administration. 

The  duties  of  the  State  Board  for  Vocational  Education  will  be  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Vocational  Education.  In  order  to  meet  the  re¬ 
quirements  of  the  federal  law  under  which  federal  aid  is  given,  a  Board 
consisting  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  the  Director  of 
the  Bureau  of  Elementary  and  Secondary  Education  and  the  Director 
of  the  Bureau  of  Vocational  Education  will  be  established. 

The  existing  State  boards  for  the  examination,  registration  and  certifi¬ 
cation  of  applicants  to  practice  in  thirteen  professions  and  quasi-pro¬ 
fessions  will  be  abolished  and  their  duties  transferred  to  the  Bureau  of 
Registration.  The  Bureau  will  pass  upon  the  qualification  of  applicants 
which  are  prescribed  in  the  law,  but  in  the  final  review  of  such  applica¬ 
tions,  the  examination  and  grading  of  papers,  special  examiners  will  be 
appointed  for  each  profession  or  quasi-profession  represented.  These 
appointments  will  be  made  by  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction 
upon  the  recommendation  of  the  several  State  societies  or  associations. 
The  examiners  will  be  paid  a  per  diem  rate  and  necessary  expenses  as 
determined  by  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction.  All  receipts 
from  fees  and  other  sources  will  be  paid  into  the  State  Treasury.  The 
Bureau  will  keep  the  necessary  records  and  registers,  and  it  will  issue  in 
the  name  of  the  Department  all  licenses,  both  original  and  renewals. 
It  will  also  handle  the  finances  of  the  present  boards. 

The  following  professions  and  quasi-professions  will  be  included  in 
the  scope  of  the  Bureau’s  activities  : 

Accountancy 

Architecture 

Chiropody 

Chiropractic 

Deptistry 

Embalming 

Engineering  and  Surveying- 

Medicine 

Optometry 

Osteopathy 

Pharmacy 

Nursing 

Veterinary  Medicine 

The  Bureau  of  Libraries  will  supervise  all  State  libraries  and  library 
activities.  The  State  Library  Board  will  be  abolished  and  its  functions 
transferred  to  this  Bureau.  The  Legislative  Reference  Library  and  the 
Law  Library  will  be  removed  from  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Historical 
Commission  and  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  respectively,  and  placed 
under  the  management  of  the  Bureau  of  Libraries.  Books  for  the  Law 


20 


Library  will  be  purchased  on  the  recommendation  and  order  of  the 
Justices  of  tlie  Supreme  Court  in  so  far  as  available  funds  permit.  The 
Library  Commission  will  be  abolished  and  its  functions  transferred  to 
this  Bureau. 

The  Bureau  of  History  and  Archives  will  assume  the  administrative 
functions  of  the  Historical  Commission,  other  than  those  pertaining  to 
the  Legislative  Reference  Library.  Ihe  Historical  Commission  will  con¬ 
tinue  in  an  advisory  capacity  to  the  Bureau.  The  director  of  the  Bureau 
of  History  and  Archives  will  be  appointed  by  the  Superintendent  of 
Public  Instruction  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Historical  Commis¬ 
sion. 

The  advisory  functions  of  the  State  Library  Board  and  Trustees  of  the 
Law  Library  will  be  carried  on  by  the  State  Board  of  Education. 

The  boards  of  trustees  of  the  University  of  North  Carolina,  the  State 
College  of  Agriculture  and  Engineering,  the  Women’s  College  of  North 
Carolina,  and  the  Negro  Agricultural  and  Technical  College  will  each 
consist  of  twenty  members,  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent 
of  the  Senate,  from  the  respective  Judicial  Districts  of  the  State.  Their 
term  of  office  shall  be  five  years,  four  expiring  each  year.  The  Governor 
and  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  shall  be  ex  officio  members 
of  each  of  these  boards,  thus  giving  important  representation  from  the 
State  Board  of  Education.  The  Governor  shall  have  the  power  to  re¬ 
move  any  member  of  such  boards  and  shall  fill  all  vacancies. 

The  following  normal  schools  will.be  placed  under  the  supervision  of 
the  Department  of  Education  as  indicated  : 

East  Carolina  Teachers’  College 

Cullowhee  Normal  and  Industrial  School 

Appalachian  Training  School  for  Teachers 

Cherokee  Indian  Normal  School 

Negro  Normal  School  at  Fayetteville 

Negro  Normal  School  at  Elizabeth  Cijy 

Slater  Industrial  and  State  Normal  School  for  Negroes 

I  he  Department  of  Education  will  exercise  the  same  jurisdiction  over 
the  East  Carolina  Teachers’  College  as  it  now  does  in  regard  to  the  six 
normal  schools.  The  board  of  trustees  of  each  of  these  institutions  shall 
consist  ot  five  members  who  shall  be  appointed  by  the  State  Board  of 
Education  for  a  term  of  five  years,  one  to  expire  each  year.  The  State 
Board  shall  have  power  to  remove  any  member  and  shall  fill  all  vacan¬ 
cies.  The  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  shall  appoint  the  presi¬ 
dent  01  piincipal  of  each  of  the  above  named  institutions  and  may 
remove  same  for  cause.  Members  of  the  teaching  staffs  and  other  em¬ 
ployees  shall  be  appointed  by  the  respective  presidents  or  principals, 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  local  boards  of  trustees. 

These  changes  require  only  statutory  enactment. 


21 


Department  of  Law 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Law  shall  be  the  Attorney-General 
elected  as  at  present  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

He  shall  receive  a  salary  commensurate  with  the  responsibilities  of  his 
office  and  the  present  allowance  of  fees  shall  be  stopped,  but  he  shall  not 
be  required  to  give  his  entire  time  to  the  duties  of  the  office.  He  shall 
continue  as  the  chief  legal  officer  of  the  State  in  which  capacity  he  or  his 
deputies  shall  represent  the  State  in  its  entirety  in  all  actions.  Except 
in  cases  of  emergency  and  when  approved  by  the  Governor,  no  depart¬ 
ment  or  State  agency  may  employ  special  counsel.  Routine  legal  work 
in  court  and  out,  rulings  and  legal  interpretations  will  be  handled  in  the 
office  of  the  Attorney-General,  which  shall  constitute  the  central  legal 
agency  of  the  State. 

The  Commission  for  the  Revision  of  the  Laws  will  be  abolished,  and 
its  duties  which  involve  the  consolidation  of  the  statutes  will  be  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  Department  of  Law.  Deputies  or  other  legal  assistants 
assigned  to  this  work  will  also  be  charged  with  the  drafting  and  revision 
of  all  bills  and  amendments,  and  no  bill  should  be  introduced  in  the 
General  Assembly  which  has  not  been  reviewed  in  the  Department  of 
Law  and  approved  as  to  constitutionality,  conformity  with  existing 
statutes,  statutory  reference  and  legal  phraseology. 

Department  of  Agriculture 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  will  be  a  Commissioner 
of  Agriculture  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate, 
for  a  term  of  four  years. 

The  Board  of  Agriculture  will  consist  of  ten  members  who  shall  be 
appointed  by  the  Governor  with  consent  of  the  Senate,  one  from  each 
Congressional  District.  The  Commissioner  will  not  be  a  member  of  the 
Board.  Their  term  shall  be  five  years,  two  to  expire  each  year,  and 
their  duties  advisory  only. 

The  Board  will  review  the  financial  operations  of  the  Department,  re¬ 
ceive  and  manage  bequests,  and  assist  the  Commissioner  in  the  formation 
of  policies.  The  actual  administration  of  the  Department  as  such  will 
be  under  the  direction  of  the  Commissioner.  The  Extension  and  In¬ 
vestigational  activities  of  -the  Department  will  be  under  the  supervision 
of  the  Director  of  Extension,  who  will  be  appointed  by  the  Governor, 
with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

The  Department  of  Agriculture  will  consist  of  the  following  bureaus : 

Regulatory  and  Departmental,  (Under  Commissioner) 

Bureau  of  Administration 
Veterinary  Bureau 
Bureau  of  Laboratories 
Bureau  of  Inspections 
Bureau  of  Museum 


Extension  and  Experimental,  (Under  Director  of  Extension) 

Bureau  of  Animal  Industry 
Bureau  of  Agricultural  Economics 
Bureau  of  Farm  Management 
Bureau  of  Plants  and  Soils 
Bureau  of  Experiment  Farms 
Bureau  of  Publications 

Each  Bureau  will  be  in  charge  of  a  Director  appointed  by  the  Com¬ 
missioner,  or  the  Director  of  Extension,  and  organized  into  suitable 
divisions  as  conditions  warrant. 

The  Joint  Committee  for  Agricultural  Work  will  be  continued,  but 
its  functions  will  be  advisory  only. 

The  Crop  Pest  Commission  as  such  will  be  abolished  and  its  activities 
transferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Plants  and  Soils. 

The  duties  of  the  State  Standard  Keeper  which  relate  to  standard 
weights  and  measures  will  be  transferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Administra¬ 
tion,  and  this  position  abolished. 

The  above  changes  require  statutory  revision  only. 

Department  of  Health 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Health  shall  be  a  Commissioner  of 
Health  appointed  by  the  Governor,  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a 
term  of  four  years. 

The  State  Board  of  Health  shall  continue,  but  consist  of  five  members 
only,  three  of  whom  shall  be  registered  physicians,  one  a  practicing  sani¬ 
tary  engineer,  and  one  a  woman,  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the 
consent  of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of  five  years,  one  to  expire  each  year. 
The  executive  committee  as  such  shall  be  abolished,  and  three  members 
of  the  Board  shall  constitute  a  quorum.  In  the  administration  of  the 
Department  the  duties  of  the  Board  shall  be  advisory  only.  The  Board 
shall  continue  as  Trustees  ex  officio  of  the  Tuberculosis  Sanatorium,  and 
it  shall  also  become  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Orthopaedic  Hospital. 
The  Superintendents  will  be  appointed  and  removed  by  the  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Health  with  the  approval  of  the  State  Board  of  Health. 

The  Department  shall  be  organized  with  the  following  Bureaus: 

Bureau  of  Administration 
Bureau  of  Publicity  and  Education 
Bureau  of  Epidemiology 
Bureau  of  Vital  Statistics 
Bureau  of  County  Health  Work 
Bureau  of  Venereal  Diseases 
Bureau  of  Maternity  and  Infancy 
Bureau  of  Engineering  and  Inspection 
Bureau  of  Medical  Inspection  of  Schools 
State  Laboratory  of  Hygiene 


23 


The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  be  under  the  supervision  of  the 
C  ommissioner.  The  other  Bureaus  will  be  in  charge  of  Directors  ap¬ 
pointed  by  the  Commissioner. 

The  Bureau  of  Publicity  and  Education  will  handle,  as  a  new  Bureau, 
all  of  the  educational  publicity  work  of  the  entire  department.  The 
other  Bureaus  will  continue  as  at  present. 

The  State  Quarantine  Board  will  be  abolished  and  its  functions  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Epidemiology. 

The  above  changes  require  statutory  revision  only. 

Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue  will  be  a  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Taxation  and  Revenue  appointed  by  the  Governor,  with  the 
consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a  term  of  four  years,  and  who  shall  serve  at 
his  pleasure. 

The  Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue  will  consist  of  two  bureaus 
as  follows : 

1.  Bureau  of  Administration 

2.  Bureau  of  Motor  Vehicles 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  be  responsible  for  the  assessment, 
equalization,  levy  and  collection  of  all  taxes  as  provided  under  the  law, 
including  franchise  taxes  on  corporations,  gasoline  inspection  tax  and 
tonnage  tax  on  fertilizers,  functions  now  performed  by  the  State  Auditor 
and  Department  of  Agriculture  respectively.  Supervision  of  the  taxing 
and  collecting  of  gross  premium  receipts  of  insurance  companies  in  this 
State  now  lodged  with  the  Department  of  Insurance  will  be  transferred 
to  this  Bureau.  The  latter  will  also  assume  the  assessment  and  collec¬ 
tion  of  taxes  on  real  property  improved  through  reclamation  of  adjacent 
State-owned  swamp  lands  now  performed  by  the  State  Board  of  Educa¬ 
tion,  and  the  adjustment  of  property  valuations  now  supervised  by  the 
State  Board  of  Equalization.  This  Board  will  be  abolished.  The 
Bureau  of  Administration  will  also  have  charge  of  the  general  manage¬ 
ment  of  the  department,  determination  of  policy,  promotion  of  suitable 
tax  legislation,  department  budget,  bookkeeping,  correspondence  and 
office  routine. 

The  Bureau  of  Motor  Vehicles  will  continue  the  present  functions 
of  the  Bureau  of  Automobile- Licenses  transferred  from  the  Secretary 
of  State’s  office. 

These  bureaus  will  be  organized  into  appropriate  divisions  as  con¬ 
ditions  warrant. 

The  above  changes  require  statutory  enactment  only. 


24 


Department  of  Natural  Resources 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Natural  Resources  will  be  a  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Natural  Resources  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent 
of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

A  Commission  on  Natural  Resources,  consisting  of  five  members,  shall 
be  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a  term 
of  five  years,  one  term  expiring  each  year.  In  the  initial  formation  of 
the  Commission  the  present  Fisheries  Commission  Board,  the  State 
Geological  Board  and  the  Audubon  Society  of  North  Carolina  will  each 
be  represented  by  one  member.  In  the  making  of  subsequent  appoint¬ 
ments  the  conservation  elements  and  groups  within  the  State  should  be 
considered.  The  Commission  will  act  as  an  advisory  board,  and  shall 
assist  the  Commissioner  in  the  performance  of  his  duties,  and  in  estab¬ 
lishing  a  policy  of  conservation.  They  shall  supervise  the  finances  of  the 
department  and  perform  its  corporate  functions,  but  they  shall  have  no 
administrative  power  or  responsibilities. 


The  Department  shall  be  organized  with  the  following  Bureaus: 

Bureau  of  Fish  and  Game 
Bureau  of  Parks  and  Forests 
Bureau  of  Water  Power 
v  Bureau  of  Administration 


With  the  exception  of  the  last  named,  each  bureau  shall  be  supervised 
by  a  director  appointed  by  the  Commissioner.  The  Bureau  of  Adminis¬ 
tration  shall  be  under  the  supervision  of  the  Commissioner. 

The  Bureau  of  Fish  and  Game  will  be  charged  with  the  State-wide 
enforcement  of  the  fish,  bird  and  game  laws.  The  Audubon  Society  of 
North  Carolina  and  specified  counties  will  be  relieved  of  local  enforce¬ 
ment  of  these  laws.  Local  game  wardens  will  be  appointed  by  the 
Director  of  the  Bureau  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Commissioner. 
The  Fisheries  Commission  Board  will  be  abolished  and  its  functions 
transferred  to  this  Bureau.  The  activities  of  the  Department  of  Agri¬ 
culture  and  the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey  relating  to  the  propa¬ 
gation  and  cultivation  of  fish  in  inland  waters  of  the  State  will  also 
be  transferred  to  this  Bureau. 

1  he  Bureau  of  Parks  and  Forests  will  have  under  its  jurisdiction  the 
prevention  and  control  of  forest  fires,  the  preservation  of  forest  preserves 
and  natural  parks,  conservation  of  forests  and  the  development  of  a 
State  Park  Plan.  These  functions  now  performed  by  the  Geological 
and  Economic  Survey  and  the  Department  of  Agriculture  will  be  trans¬ 
ferred  to  this  Bureau.  The  appointment  of  local  forest  wardens  will  be 
made  by  the  director  of  this  Bureau  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Com¬ 
missioner. 

.  The  Bureau  of  Water  Power  will  be  charged  with  all  activities  relat¬ 
ing  to  the  location,  preliminary  survey  and  promotion  of  the  natural 


25 


water-power  resources  of  the  State.  Similar  functions  at  present  per¬ 
formed  by  the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey  will  he  transferred  to 
this  Bureau. 

The  State  Geological  Board  will  be  abolished  and  its  functions  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  Department  of  Natural  Resources  and  distributed  as 
indicated  in  the  foregoing. 

The  above  changes  may  be  made  through  statutory  enactment. 

Department  of  Labor  and  Industry 

• 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Labor  and  Industry  will  be  a  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Labor  and  Industry  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  con¬ 
sent  of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

An  Industrial  Council  will  be  established,  consisting  of  five  members 
appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of 
five  years,  one  to  expire  each  year.  It  will  be  composed  of  one  woman, 
a  manufacturer,  a  physician,  a  lawyer  and  a  representative  of  organized 
labor.  A  chairman  will  be  elected  from  among  the  members,  and  three 
shall  constitute  a  quorum.  The  Council  shall  have  no  administrative 
functions  but  shall  advise  the  Commissioner  as  to  the'  duties  of  his  office, 
and  assist  in  the  formulation  of  a  State  labor  policy.  The  Council  will 
appoint  a  panel  of  fifty  representative  citizens  from  whom  shall  be  drawn 
a  Board  of  Arbitration  and  Conciliation  for  each  specific  labor  dispute. 
Members  of  the  panel  shall  serve  at  the  pleasure  of  the  Council. 

The  Department  will  consist  of  the  following  Bureaus : 

Bureau  of  Administration  and  Statistics 
Bureau  of  Inspection 
Bureau  of  Employment 

The  Commissioner  shall  be  in  charge  of  the  Bureau  of  Administration 
and  Statistics  and  shall  appoint  directors  of  the  Bureaus  of  Inspection 
and  Employment. 

The  supervision  of  State  printing  and  purchase  of  paper  will  be  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies  in  the  Department  of 
Administration. 

The  Board  of  Commissioners  of  Navigation  and  Pilotage  will  he 
abolished.  The  appointment  and  control  of  the  Harbor  Master  at  the 
Port  of  Wilmington  will  be  transferred  to  the  Federal  authorities.  The 
regulation  of  pilots,  settlement  of  disputes,  administering  of  the  pilots’ 
widows  and  orphans  fund  and  other  functions  of  the  Board  will  be  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Administration  and  Statistics  of  the  Department 
of  Labor  and  Industry. 

Additional  bureaus  will  be  created  as  required  through  the  enactment 
of  labor  laws  covering  specific  subjects  such  as  workmen’s  compensation, 
State  insurance  fund  and  minimum  wage. 

The  above  changes  may  be  made  through  statutory  enactment. 


20 


Department  of  Public  Utilities 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Public  Utilities  shall  be  a  commission 
consisting  of  three  members  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent 
of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of  six  years,  one  to  expire  every  two  years.  The 
Commission  shall  elect  its  own  chairman,  and  two  members  shall  consti¬ 
tute  a  quorum.  One  member  shall  be  versed  in  problems  of  transporta¬ 
tion,  tariffs  and  rates;  one  shall  be  a  lawyer,  and  the  third  member  shall 
represent  the  public. 

The  duties  of  the  Commission  in  so  far  as  they  relate  to  the  control 
and  regulation  of  public  service  corporations  shall  continue.  Bank  ex¬ 
amination  and  supervision  will  he  transferred  to  the  Department  of 
Banking  and  Insurance.  The  chairman  shall  be  relieved  of  his  duties  as 
a  member  of  the  Municipal  Board  of  Control  and  the  State  Board  of 
Equalization.  No  member  of  the  Commission  shall  be  represented  on 
any  permanent  State  board,  and  each  will  devote  his  entire  time  to  the 
regulation  of  the  public  utilities  coming  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
Commission. 

The  above  changes  require  oulv  statutory  revision. 

Department  of  Highways  and  Public  Works 

The  head  ot  the  Department  of  Highways  and  Public- Works  will  be 
the  Commissioner  of  Highways  and  Public  Works,  who  shall  be  ap¬ 
pointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  four  years  with  the  consent  of  the 
Senate. 

The  State  Highway  Commission  shall  continue.  It  shall  be  composed 
of  nine  members,  one  to  be  appointed  from  each  highway  district  of  the 
State  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of  six 
years.  Each  group  of  three  shall  have  overlapping  terms.  Their  duties 
shall  be  advisory  only,  and  their  action  recommendatory.  They  shall 
meet  on  the  call  of  the  Commissioner  or  at  such  times  as  a  majority  may 
decide,  and  they  shall  advise  with  him  relative  to  the  location,  construc¬ 
tion,  improvement  and  maintenance  of  the  State  highways.  The  Com- 
missionei  shall  be  vested  with  the  powers  of  the  Commission,  and  he 
shall  at  all  times  have  complete  and  final  jurisdiction  over  the  activities 
of  the  Department. 

The  Department  will  be  organized  as  follows  : 

Bureau  of  Highways. w 
Bureau  of  Engineering 
Bureau  of  Architecture 
Bureau  of  Administration 

The  Bureau  of  Highways  will  have  charge  of  the  construction  and 
maintenance  of  the  State  Highway  System,  and  it  will  take  over  the 
highway  functions  now  exercised  by  the  Geological  and  Economic  Sur- 


27 


vey.  It  will  be  supervised  by  a  Director  known  as  tbe  State  Highway 
Engineer  appointed  by  the  Commissioner. 

The  Bureau  of  Engineering  will  take  over  all  engineering  projects 
imdertaken  by  the  State.  It  will  handle  all  public  works  improvements. 
The  reclamation  of  State  swamp  lands  now  under  the  supervision  of  the 
State  Board  of  Education  will  be  transferred  to  this  Bureau.  A  Direc¬ 
tor  known  as  the  State  Engineer  will  be  in  charge,  and  he  shall  be  ap¬ 
pointed  by  the  Commissioner. 

The  Bureau  of  Architecture  will  prepare  plans  and  specifications  of 
and  award  contracts  for  the  construction  of  permanent  improvement  of 
all  State  owned  buildings  and  institutions.  The  powers  of  local  boards 
of  trustees  with  regard  to  construction  work  will  be  transferred  to  this 
Bureau.  It  shall  be  in  charge  of  a  director  known  as  the  State  Archi¬ 
tect  appointed  by  the  Commissioner. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  be  under  the  control  of  the  Com¬ 
missioner  and  will  have  charge  of  all  finances  and  statistical  work  of 
the  Department. 

These  changes  may  be  effected  through  statutory  enactment. 

Department  of  Banking  and  Insurance 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Banking  and  Insurance  will  be  the 
Commissioner  of  Banking  and  Insurance  appointed  by  the  Governor 
with  consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

The  Department  will  be  organized  with  three  bureaus  as  follows : 

Bureau  of  Insurance 
Bureau  of  Bank  Examination 
Bureau  of  Administration 

The  Bureau  of  Insurance  will  continue  the  activities  of  the  present 
Department  of  Insurance  relating  to  enforcement  of  the  insurance  laws 
of  the  State,  “Blue-Sky”  law  and  fire-prevention  laws.  The  supervision 
and  collection  of  taxes  on  gross  premium  receipts  of  insurance  com¬ 
panies  doing  business  in  this  State  will  be  transferred  to  the  Bureau  of 
Administration  of  the  Department  of  Taxation  and  Bevenue. 

The  regulation  and  examination  of  banks  and  trust  companies  will 
be  transferred  from  the  Corporation  Commission  to  the  Bureau  of  Bank 
Examination. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  have  charge  of  the  Department’s 
finances,  policy,  personnel  and  budget.  It  will  be  under  the  supervision 
of  the  Commissioner.  A  director  for  each  of  the  other  two  bureaus  will 
be  appointed  by  the  Commissioner. 

The  above  changes  require  only  statutory  revision. 


28 


Department  of  Military  Affairs 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Military  Affairs  will  be  the  Adjutant 
General  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  for  a 
term  of  four  years. 

The  Department  will  be  organized  with  three  bureaus  as  follows : 

Bureau  of  Administration 

Bureau  of  Personnel 

Bureau  of  Maintenance  and  Supplies 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  supervise  department  planning, 
policy  and  program,  and  will  handle  the  finances  of  the  Department. 

The  Bureau  of  Personnel  will  discharge  the  functions  now  imposed 
upon  the  Soldier  Settlement  Board  which  will  bo  abolished,  compile  and 
control  the  personnel  records  of  members  of  the  militia  and  ex-service 
men. 

The  Bureau  of  Maintenance  and  Supplies  will  supervise  the  receipt 
and  issue  of  all  Federal  and  State  military  property.  The  duties  now 
performed  by  the  two  property  and  disbursing  officers  will  be  transferred 
to  the  proper  bureaus  and  these  positions  will  be  abolished. 

The  Adjutant  General  will  be  in  charge  of  the  Bureau  of  Administra¬ 
tion  and  appoint  Directors  for  the  Bureaus  of  Personnel  and  Mainte¬ 
nance  and  Supplies. 

The  above  changes  require  statutory  revision  only. 

Department  of  Welfare 

The  Department  of  Welfare  will  represent  in  so  far  as  is  practicable,  a 
consolidation  of  all  social  welfare  activities  of  tin*  State,  performed  in 
part  by  institutions  for  the  defective,  delinquent  and  dependent,  the  State 
Board  of  Charities  in  its  inspectional  relations  with  public  and  private 
institutions,  the  Child  Welfare  Commission,  and  the  Departments  of 
Health  and  Education,  in  so  far  as  they  relate  to  the  physical  and  educa¬ 
tional  welfare  of  State  charges. 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Welfare  shall  be  the  Commissioner  of 
Welfare,  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  for 
a  term  of  four  years. 

In  addition,  there  will  be  a  Council  of  Public  Welfare,  consisting  of 
the  Chairman  of  the  Commission  on  Mental  Hygiene,  representing  the 
four  hospitals  for  the  insane  and  defective,  the  Superintendent  of  the 
State  Prison,  the  Commissioner  of  Welfare,  the  Superintendent  of  Pub¬ 
lic  Instruction  and  the  Commissioner  of  Health,  representing  the  two 
schools  for  the  blind  and  deaf,  the  two  orphan  asylums,  the  two  indus¬ 
trial  schools,  the  orthopaedic  and  tuberculosis  hospitals,  and  their  re¬ 
spective  departments. 


29 


The  Council  will  have  no  administrative  powers,  hut  wTill  act  as  a 
clearing  house  of  information  for  all  institutions  and  agencies,  public 
and  private,  on  matters  affecting  social  problems.  It  will  coordinate  re¬ 
lated  activities  in  the  field  of  public  welfare,  and  will  conduct  investiga¬ 
tional  work  and  research  in  subjects  related  thereto.  It  will  develop  a 
State  welfare  program  and  policy,  and  its  information  thus  gathered 
will  he  available  to  all  departments  and  institutions.  It  shall  make 
studies  touching  on  institutional  management  and  policy  in  cooperation 
with  the  institutional  heads. 

The  Council  shall  elect  its  own  officers,  and  shall  appoint  a  paid  secre¬ 
tary  and  other  assistants  to  conduct  its  field  studies  and  investigations. 
It  shall  meet  at  least  monthly. 

The  Commission  on  Mental  Hygiene,  which  shall  be  represented  on 
the  Council  through  its  chairman,  shall  he  composed  of  the  president 
of  each  hoard  of  trustees  and  the  superintendents  of  the  four  institu¬ 
tions  for  the  mental  defectives.  The  chairman  shall  he  elected  by  the 
Commission.  They  shall  meet  at  frequent  intervals  for  the  exchange 
of  ideas  in  the  management  of  their  respective  institutions  and  in  other 
common  problems.  They  shall,  as  far  as  practicable,  coordinate  their 
wrork  with  respect  to  such  matters  as  farming,  industrial  activities,  after¬ 
care  and  business  methods. 

The  State  Board  of  Charities  will  he  composed  of  five  members  in¬ 
stead  of  seven  as  at  present,  one  of  whom  shall  be  a  woman.  They  shall 
he  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a  period 
of  five  years  with  overlapping  terms.  This  board  will  continue  its 
present  mspectional  functions  relating  to  the  care  and  treatment  m  all 
public  and  private  institutions  of  the  State,  and  will  advise  the  C  om- 
missioner  of  Welfare  in  the  administration  of  his  office. 

The  Child  Welfare  Commission  will  be  abolished  and  its  functions 
transferred  to  the  Department  of  Welfare.  These  activities  will  be  in 
the  charge  of  a  Director  of  Child  Wblfare  appointed  by  the  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Welfare. 

The  Hospital  for  the  Dangerous  Insane  as  such  will  be  abolished  and 
its  present  functions  will  he  transferred  to  the  three  hospitals  for  the 
insane.  Each  will  maintain  a  ward  for  the  reception,  care  and  treat¬ 
ment  of  criminally  insane  committed  by  competent  authority.  The  State 
Hospital  at  Goldsboro  will  receive  the  colored  criminally  insane.  The 
white  criminally  insane  will  be  committed  to  the  State  hospitals  at 
Raleigh  and  Morganton  on  the  basis  of  residence.  Such  patients  will  be 
segregated  from  other  patients  and  placed  m  sepaiate  waids  undei 
proper  supervision. 

The  Advisory  Board  of  Parole  and  prescribed  functions  will  he  con¬ 
tinued,  but  it  shall  consist  of  the  Superintendent  of  the  State  Prison, 
the  Chairman  of  the  Commission  on  Mental  Hygiene  and  the  Attorney- 
General  as  chairman  ex  officio. 

The  above  changes  may  be  effected  through  statutory  enactment. 


PART  TWO 

FINDINGS  AND  PROPOSALS 


SCOPE  AND  EXTENT  OF  INVESTIGATION 

In  collecting  necessary  data  on  which  subsequent  critical  comments 
and  constructive  proposals  are  based,  the  first  consideration  was  to  obtain 
the  facts  as  to  the  existing  structure. 

These  facts  were  obtained  from  three  sources : 

1.  Study  of  the  Constitution  as  affecting  departmental  organization, 
constitutional  officers  and  delegation  of  powers  and  responsibilities. 

2.  Examination  of  all  laws  pertaining  to  the  establishment,  organi¬ 
zation,  overhead  and  function  of  each  department,  board,  commission 
and  institution.  The  Consolidated  Statutes,  which  bring  all  existing 
laws  through  1919,  and  all  public  lawTs  passed  at  the  extra  session  of 
the  General  Assembly  in  1920,  the  regular  and  extra  sessions  of  1921, 
were  carefully  studied  and  briefed. 

3.  Examination  of  departmental  reports  and  publications. 

These  studies  disclosed  that  the  organization  of  the  State  of  North 
Carolina  consists  of  sixty-six  administrative  departments,  boards  and 
commissions,  and  twenty-eight  educational,  charitable  and  correctional 
institutions.  The  preparation  of  such  a  list  involved  considerable  effort, 
for  it  is  the  first  complete  list  which  has  been  set  up.  For  each  of  these 
agencies  there  was  prepared  in  condensed  and  succinct  form,  a  descrip¬ 
tion  of  its  primary  functions,  with  corresponding  duties  and  responsi¬ 
bilities  of  each  administrative  officer.  Owing  to  press  of  time,  it  was 
impossible  to  make  a  thorough  study  of  each  department  to  determine 
additional  functions  not  specifically  mentioned  in  the  laws. 

DEFECTS  OF  PRESENT  ORGANIZATION 

The  results  of  the  examination  to  date  reveal  the  following  conditions 
which  characterize  the  present  organization : 

1.  Withholding  of  authority  from  the  Governor 

2.  Divided  authority  in  appointment  and  control 

3.  Adding  new  activities  without  plan  or  proper  coordination 

4.  Duplication  and  overlapping  of  functions 

5.  Grouping  of  nonrelated  functions  within  a  single  department 

6.  Scattering  of  related  functions 

7.  Preponderance  of  ex  officio  boards 

These  conditions,  with  specific  examples,  are  described  in  the  para¬ 
graphs  following. 

Withholding  of  Authority  From  the  Governor 

The  Governor  is  held  responsible  for  efficient  conduct  of  the  affairs  of 
this  State  and  yet  adequate  authority  over  department  heads  and  policies 
is  consistently  withheld.  Ibis  denial  is  manifested  first  in  the  piepon- 


—3 


34 


derance  of  elective  officers.  Twelve  administrative  officers  (excluding 
the  Governor  and  Lieutenant-Governor)  are  elected  by  the  voters,  and 
each  is  an  independent  official  in  sole  charge  of  his  respective  depart¬ 
ment.  The  Constitution  provides  for  the  election  of  six  officers  besides 
the  Governor,  and  the  General  Assembly  has  from  time  to  time  in¬ 
creased  this  number  to  fourteen. 

Second,  this  denial  of  authority  is  shown  in  the  tendency  of  the  Gen¬ 
eral  Assembly  to  give  undue  powers  to  several  departments,  both  as  to 
function  and  expenditures.  To  a  large  degree,  each  of  such  departments 
is  set  up  as  a  separate  entity  without  recognition  of  the  desirability  of 
a  unified  organization  under  central  control  and  uniform  policy.  The 
elective  department  heads  feel  their  responsibility,  but  it  is  a  responsi¬ 
bility  considered  in  terms  of  individual  departmental  importance  rather 
than  of  their  inter-relationship.  The  departments,  as  a  rule,  are  isolated 
entities,  not  component  parts  of  a  single  whole.  Evidence  of  this  fact 
is  strikingly  brought  out  m  the  North  Carolina  Manual  for  1921,  vlucli 
states  that  the  Department  of  Agriculture  “is  to  a  considerable  extent 
a  sub-legislature.”  In  other  words,  the  election  of  administrative  heads 
and  the  delegation  of  undue  administrative  powers  and  control  over  de¬ 
partmental  revenue  other  than  appropriations,  explain  in  large  part  the 
weakness  of  the  existing  organization. 

Divided  Authority  in  Appointment  and  Control 

A  basic  defect  in  the  present  organization  is  the  limitation  of  the 
Governor’s  power  of  appointment  and  control  of  administrative  officers 
and  boards.  At  the  present  time,  of  the  ninety-six  State  departments, 
institutions,  hoards  and  commissions  (not  including  the  Governor  and 
Lieutenant-Governor),  thirty-six  department  heads,  officers,  hoards  and 
commissions  and  twelve  institutional  boards  are  appointed  or  elected 
independently  of  the  Governor.  In  the  appointment  and  control  of  ten 
department  heads,  boards  and  commissions  and  two  institutional  boaids, 
authority  of  the  Governor  is  divided  or  limited.  In  the  appointment 
and  control  of  only  twenty-three  department  heads,  boards  and  com¬ 
missions  and  thirteen  institutional  hoards  is  the  authority  of  the 
Governor  complete. 

There  are  thirteen  separate  and  distinct  methods  of  appointing  ninety- 
six  department  heads,  boards  and  commissions.  The  number  of  mem¬ 
bers  of  sixty-one  boards  and  commissions  vary  from  three  to  one  hundred 
and  two.  Members  of  fifty-seven  boards,  commissions  and  other  agencies 
hold  office  from  one  to  eight  years;  one  at  the  pleasure  of  the  Governor, 
and  seven  are  not  specified  in  the  law.  The  foregoing  data  are  included 
among  the  exhibits  of  this  report. 

Such  dissipation  of  executive  authority,  scattering  of  control,  diversi¬ 
fied  methods  of  appointment,  and  irregularities  in  terms  of  office  and 
board  membership,  point  to  the  need  for  changes  which  will  make  for 


35 


uniformity  of  administrative  policy,  simplicity  of  organization  and  the 
fixing  of  executive  responsibility. 


Adding  New  Activities  Without  Plan  or  Proper  Coordination 

The  present  layout  of  sixty-six  widely  scattered  and  independent  de¬ 
partments,  hoards  and  commissions  is  the  result  of  piece-meal  legisla¬ 
tion.  Xo  effort  has  been  made  to  correlate  these  agencies  or  to  bring 
them  into  a  proper  functional  scheme  of  organization.  As  a  result  of 
creating  such  a  miscellaneous  assortment  of  governmental  units,  funda¬ 
mental  organization  defects  are  apparent  at  every  turn.  The  most  im¬ 
portant,  with  concrete  examples,  are  submitted  in  the  following  para¬ 
graphs.  These  are  shown  in  their  entirety  as  exhibits. 

Duplication  and  Overlapping  of  Functions 

Three  departments  are  performing  distinct  engineering  functions, 
namely,  State  Board  of  Education,  in  the  reclamation  of  swamp  lands; 
the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey  in  the  cooperation  with  local 
authorities  in  the  construction  of  highways  and  surveying  of  proposed 
agricultural  districts;  and  the  State  Highway  Commission  in  the  con¬ 
struction  and  maintenance  of  roads. 

Seven  departments,  namely,  the  Treasurer’s  office,  State  Board  of 
Education,  Department  of  Revenue,  Insurance  Department,  Secretary 
of  State’s  office,  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  and  Auditor’s  office  are 
performing  functions  of  taxation,  such  as  assessment  and  equalization  of 
property  valuation,  supervision  and  collection  of  taxes. 

The  Department  of  Agriculture,  the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey, 
Department  of  Labor  and  Printing,  Fisheries  Commission  Board,  and 
the  Audubon  Society  are  each  performing  certain  functions  pertaining 
to  the  conservation  of  natural  resources. 

The  Library  Commission  and  State  Board  of  Education  are  both 
engaged  among  other  pursuits,  in  the  work  of  establishing  and  supervis¬ 
ing  rural  libraries. 

The  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  State  Board  for  Voca¬ 
tional  Education  are  both  charged  with  vocational  work  relating  to  agri¬ 
culture,  manual  training,  and  home  economics. 

The  Historical  Commission  and  the  Appomattox  Commission  are 
separately  engaged  m  the  marking  and  preservation  of  histoiical  sites. 

The  Historical  Commission  and  the  State  Library  Board  collect  and 
preserve  historical  documents. 

Grouping  of  Nonrelated  Functions  Within  a  Single  Department 

The  following  examples  are  illustrative  of  the  widespread  condition 
whereby  one  department  is  performing  two  or  more  unrelated  functions : 

The  Department  of  Labor  and  Printing  collects  labor  statistics,  super¬ 
vises  the  printing  of  the  State  and  compiles  data  on  the  natural  resources 

of  the  State. 


36 


The  Corporation  Commission  not  only  has  charge  of  the  regulation 
of  public  utilities,  hut  has  jurisdiction  over  bank  examination  and  in¬ 
spection,  and  in  addition,  its  chairman  is  an  ex  officio  member  of  the 
State  Board  of  Equalization.  The  latter  function  is  a  left-over  of  the 
former  law  which  made  the  Corporation  Commission  the  State  Tax 
Commission  as  well,  a  function  recently  placed  in  the  newly  created  De¬ 
partment  of  Revenue. 

The  Department  of  Agriculture  has  as  its  primary  duty  the  promotion 
of  agricultural  interests  of  the  State,  hut  in  addition  is  also  charged 
with  the  administering  of  certain  laws  affecting  natural  resources. 

The  Secretary  of  State  not  only  discharges  the  duties  which  are  com¬ 
monly  placed  in  that  office,  hut  also  has  complete  jurisdiction  over  the 
issuance  of  automobile  licenses  and  certificates  and  the  collection  of 
automobile  license  tax  and  gasoline  road  tax. 

The  Historical  Commission,  in  addition  to  its  primary  function  of 
collecting  and  preserving  historical  documents,  also  supervises  and 
directs  the  Legislative  Reference  Library. 

The  Department  of  Insurance,  in  addition  to  its  proper  function  of 
regulating  all  classes  of  insurance  companies  doing  business  in  this 
State,  is  charged  with  the  collection  of  taxes  on  gross  premium  receipts, 
which  in  principle,  is  comparable  to  the  collection  of  the  income  tax, 
and  as  such,  a  taxation  function. 

Scattering  of  Related  Functions 

The  functions  of  assessment  and  taxation  now  repose  in  seven  depart¬ 
ments;  those  relating  to  natural  resources  are  performed  wholly,  or  in 
part,  by  five  separate  agencies;  engineering  functions  are  supervised  by 
three  agencies ;  library  work  is  scattered  among  five  separate  boards  and 
departments;  child  welfare  functions  are  divided  among  two  boards,  and 
janitorial  work  is  scattered  among  three  agencies. 

Preponderance  of  Ex  Officio  Boards 

One  of  the  most  forceful  evidences  of  the  division  of  authority  and  ab¬ 
sence  of  centralized  control  is  shown  in  the  practice  of  creating  ex  officio 
boards.  At  the  present  time  there  are  in  the  State  government  sixteen 
boards  whose  membership  is  exclusively  ex  officio.  The  complete  chart 
of  these  boards  and  membership  is  shown  as  an  exhibit. 

The  evils  of  a  preponderance  of  ex  officio  boards  are  three : 

First,  it  necessitates  representation  by  administrative  officers  on  a 
number  of  boards  which  have  little  or  no  relation  to  their  own  work; 
second,  the  scattering  of  functions  which  in  most  instances  could  be  more 
effectively  performed  by  some  existing  department;  and  third,  the  per¬ 
formance,  in  certain  cases,  of  administrative  instead  of  advisory  func¬ 
tions,  a  condition  affording  large  possibility  of  friction  or  duplication 
between  the  board  and  its  nominal  executive  officer. 


37 


GOVERNING  PRINCIPLES  AND  PROPOSALS 

Administrative  consolidation  had  its  beginning  in  the  formation  of  our 
national  government  146  years  ago.  A  few  major  departments  under 
heads  appointed  by  the  President,  constituted  the  entire  Federal  organi¬ 
zation  ;  and  in  spite  of  the  multitudinous  activities  which  have  since  been 
added,  our  Government,  the  largest  and  most  comprehensive  in  the 
world,  has  hut  ten  departments,  each  of  which  is  administered  by  a  head, 
not  elected  by  the  people,  hut  appointed  by  the  President. 

The  subject  of  administrative  consolidation  as  applied  to  State  or¬ 
ganization  has  engaged  the  attention  of  students  of  government  and 
statesmen  for  more  than  a  decade.  It  has  passed  the  stage  of  class-room 
theorizing  and  has  been  successfully  adopted  in  a  number  of  states.  Be¬ 
fore  an  attempt  is  made  to  re-sliape  the  administrative  structure  of 
North  Carolina,  there  must  be  acceptance  of  certain  principles  upon 
which  all  sound  organization  is  predicated. 


Centralized  Executive  Authority 

Real  democratic  government  requires  the  placing  of  genuine,  not  theo¬ 
retical  authority,  in  the  hands  of  its  chief  executive.  The  people  hold 
the  Governor  responsible  for  proper  administration  of  the  affairs  of  their 
State,  but  at  the  same  time  are  afraid  to  give  him  necessary  authority. 
This  fear  is  based  upon  a  traditional  distrust  of  Czardom  handed  down 
from  the  age  when  the  ruler  was  the  sole  law-making  and  law-administer - 
ing  power.  It  should  he  borne  in  mind  that  the  office  of  Goveinoi  is 
not  inherited,  nor  does  he  exercise  his  powers  through  divine  right.  He 
is  elected  by  the  people  for  four  years.  The  average  man’s  idea  of  demo¬ 
cratic  government  is  the  holding  of  periodic  elections  of  the  peoples 
representatives.  Actually,  it  is  accountability  of  these  1  epi esentatn  es  to 
the  people.  If  we  believe  in  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and 
in  the  form  of  government  under  which  we  live,  we  can  hold  no  valid 
objection  to  the  principle  of  making  the  Governor  responsible  to  the 
people  who  have  placed  him  in  charge,  but  such  responsibility  carries 
with  it  equal  authority;  the  Governor  cannot  be  held  accountable  for  the 
acts  of  subordinates  over  whom  lie  has  no  control.  We  must  not  expect 
administrative  efficiency  if  the  hands  of  the  chief  executive  are  tied. 

In  this  connection  the  comments  of  Ex-Governor  Bickett  in  his  mes¬ 
sage  to  the  1917  General  Assembly  and  reiterated  m  Ins  message  m  1919 
are  illuminating.  The  Governor  said  . 


“There  is  something  attractive  to  the  popular  mind  in  the  theory 
that  all  the  people  select  (administrative)  officials,  but  the  truth  is 
that  the  people  do  no  such  thing.  A  few  men,  an  average  of  not  more 
than  three  select  themselves  as  candidates  and  then  people  are  accorded 
the  privilege  of  saying  in  the  primaries  which  of  these  three  is  least 
objectionable.  There  never  was  a  more  tragic  delusion  than  the  one 
that  the  people  select  these  officials. 


38 


“But  if  the  people  should  be  actually  consulted  it  is  plain  that,  all 
the  people  cannot  secure  sufficient  information  about  the  qualifications 
of  a  man  for  these  administrative  offices  to  enable  them  to  arrive  at  a 
conclusion  satisfactory  to  themselves. 

“There  is  no  more  reason  for  electing  the  Governor’s  Council  than 
there  is  for  electing  the  President’s  Cabinet.  I  take  it  that  no  one 
should  favor  electing  a  President  of  the  University  by  a  vote  of  all 
the  people  and  yet,  people  can  pass  upon  his  qualifications  quite  as 
well  as  they  can  upon  those  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Public  In¬ 
struction. 

“I  have  supreme  faith  in  the  judgment  of  all  the  people  when  they 
know  the  facts.  They  can  know  the  facts  about  a  few  men  on  the 
ticket.  They  should  vote  for  these  few,  and  then  hold  them  rigidly 
responsible  for  results. 

“Only  the  Governor  and  the  Lieutenant-Governor  should  be  elected, 
hut  a  complete  change  would  require  a  constitutional  amendment,  and 
hence  as  a  start  in  the  right  direction,  I  urge  this  General  Assembly  to 
enact  a  law  that  all  State  administrative  officers  whose  election  by  the 
people  is  not  required  by  the  Constitution  shall  hereafter  be  appointed 
by  the  Governor.” 

It  is  proposed  that  the  Governor  have  sole  power  of  appointment  and 
removal  of  all  department  heads,  with  certain  exceptions  as  are  indi¬ 
cated  later,  thus  making  his  appointees  directly  responsible  to  him,  and 
he  in  turn  to  the  voters  of  the  State. 

There  is  nothing  revolutionary  in  this  proposal,  for  it  is  based  on 
practical  experience  and  carries  with  it  adequate  safeguards.  Should 
the  Governor  prove  corrupt  or  inefficient,  he  may  be  impeached  and 
removed  from  office.  He  cannot  spend  a  single  dollar  of  the  State’s 
money  without  approval  of  the  General  Assembly.  Lacking  the  power 
of  veto,  he  cannot  exercise  even  negative  control  over  legislative  enact¬ 
ments.  With  such  safeguards  thrown  about  him,  it  is  inconceivable 
that  he  could  become  an  autocrat.  The  only  effect  of  such  a  change 
would  be  to  give  him  for  the  first  time  an  opportunity  of  conducting 
the  State’s  affairs  in  the  same  way  that  private  business  is  managed, 
and  to  enable  the  voters  of  this-  State  to  definitely  place  responsibility 
for  the  failure  or  success  of  an  administration. 

Reduction  of  Elective  Officials 

The  Convention  of  1868  adopted  the  present  Constitution,  which 
provides  for  the  election  of  seven  administrative  officers,  namely,  the 
Governor,  Lieutenant-Governor,  Secretary  of  State,  Auditor,  Treasurer, 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  Attorney-General. 

Based  upon  the  popular  theory  that  the  more  elective  officials  there 
are  the  greater  control  by  the  people,  and  the  inherent  and  baseless  fear 
that  the  Governor  may  assume  too  much  power,  six  officers  have  been 
added  by  statutory  enactment,  to  the  original  seven.  These  include  the 
Commissioner  of  Agriculture,  Commissioner  of  Insurance,  Commis- 


39 


sioner  of  Labor  and  Printing,  and  tlie  three  members  of  the  Corporation 
Commission.  The  most  recent  addition  to  this  list  is  the  newly  created 
Commissioner  of  Revenue  who,  in  the  emergency  attendant  to  the 
establishment  of  liis  department,  was  appointed  by  the  Governor;  how¬ 
ever,  the  law  expressly  provides  that  his  successor  be  elected  as  are  other 
State  officers,  upon  completion  of  his  present  term  in  1924. 

Under  such  conditions,  it  is  impossible  for  the  people  of  this  State 
to  rightfully  and  justly  hold  the  Governor  responsible  for  the  acts  and 
policies  of  important  officials  who  are  accountable  not  to  him,  but  to 
the  voters  of  the  State.  If  this  form  of  decentralized  government  is  the 
best,  then  the  policy  should  be  extended  to  the  heads  of  all  other  depart¬ 
ments  and  render  completely  ineffective  Section  1,  Article  III,  of  the 
Constitution  which  expressly  provides  that  in  the  Governor  “shall  he 
vested  the  supreme  executive  power  of  the  State.” 

It  is  proposed  to  reduce  the  number  of  elective  officers  from  fourteen 
to  the  seven  named  in  the  Constitution,  viz.,  the  Governor,  Lieutenant- 
Governor,  Secretary  of  State,  Auditor,  Treasurer,  Superintendent  of 
Public  Instruction  and  Attorney-General.  Ultimately,  through  a  con¬ 
stitutional  amendment,  this  number  will  he  reduced  to  three,  i.e.,  the 
Governor,  Lieutenant-Governor  and  the  Auditor.  This  will  center  in 
the  hands  of  the  Governor  the  control  of  all  administrative  departments 
except  that  pertaining  to  the  audit  and  check  of  the  State’s  finances. 
Under  the  powers  thus  proposed,  the  Governor  as  the  central  figure 
would  stand  in  the  limelight  of  public  scrutiny,  a  limelight  now  shared 
with  thirteen  others,  each  acting  as  an  independent  agent. 

Establishment  of  a  Uniform  Plan  of  Organization 

Responsible  administrators,  however,  cannot  work  effectively  with 
poor  material.  To  attain  results  desired,  there  must  be  a  simple  and 
understandable  plan  of  organization.  I  he  present  chaotic  system  com¬ 
prising  some  sixty-six  independent  departments,  boards  and  commis¬ 
sions,  render  proper  administration  impossible.  A  supervisor  cannot 
be  held  responsible  if  he  is  working  under  a  system  obsolete  in  many 
respects,  and  complicated  through  misdirected  authority,  divided  re¬ 
sponsibility  and  the  overlapping  of  work. 

The  present  system  has  developed  through  the  absence  of  a  uniform 
plan  which  would  provide  for  proper  expansion  of  the  State’s  activities. 
When  the  present  Constitution  was  adopted,  six  departments,  not  in¬ 
cluding  the  office  of  the  Governor,  were  ample  to  take  care  of  the  then 
existing  functions.-  Xew  activities  undertaken  from  time  to  time  have 
resulted  in  the  establishment  of  new  departments.  In  some  instances 
these  were  justified,  but  in  the  great  majority  of  cases  they  were 
created  without  reference  to  existing  departments  or  thought  of  incor¬ 
porating  them  in  departments  performing  similar  functions.  This 
situation  has  continued  to  the  present  day,  and  a  glance  at  the  long 


40 


list  of  existing  departments,  boards  and  commissions  reveals  the  slight 
attention  and  study  which  have  been  given  to  a  constructive  program 
of  expansion. 

It  is  proposed  to  set  up  a  simple  plan  of  organization  which  will  not 
only  properly  take  care  of  existing  functions,  but  adequately  provide  for 
new  activities  which  may  be  added  from  time  to  time.  It  is  only  through 
the  adoption  of  such  a  plan  can  control  be  centralized,  and  the  form  of 
organization  be  made  understandable  and  workable. 

Grouping  of  Related  Functions 

The  first  consideration  in  the  working  out  of  a  plan  of  organization 
is  to  determine  the  major  functions  of  the  State  government  and  to  set 
up  a  separate  department  for  the  administering  of  each.  The  next 
step  is  the  grouping  within  the  proper  departments  the  existing  boards 
and  departments  which  are  performing  similar  functions  or  are  doing 
parts  of  a  single  job. 


Method  of  Adoption 

Statutory  revision  only  is  necessary  to  reorganize  the  departments 
under  the  plan  proposed.  This  could  best  be 'effected  through  the  en¬ 
actment  of  a  civil  administrative  code  which  defines  the  scope  and 
activity  of  each  department  bureau>organization,  and  responsibility  of 
administrative  head.  In  order  to  insure  permanency  and  to  prevent 
future  legislatures  from  changing  the  governing  form  and  policy,  the 
skeleton  plan  should  be  incorporated  in  the  Constitution  through  an 
amendment. 


PART  THREE 

ORGANIZATION  OF  PRESENT  AND  PROPOSED 

DEPARTMENTS 


ORGANIZATION  OF  PRESENT  AND  PROPOSED 

DEPARTMENTS 

It  is  proposed  that  the  existing  Departments,  Boards  and  (  ommis- 
sions  be  consolidated  into  sixteen  departments,  each  performing  a  major 
function.  While  the  experience  of  other  States  has  been  helpful,  local 
conditions  and  problems  must  of  necessity  be  the  guiding  factor  in  re¬ 
organizing  existing  departments  and  agencies;  and  the  proposed  depart¬ 
ments  as  set  forth  below  reflect  careful  consideration  of  the  requirements 
of  the  State  of  North  Carolina. 

Administration 

State 

Audit  and  Control 
Treasury 
Education 
Law 

Agriculture 

Health 

Taxation  and  Revenue 
Natural  Resources 
Labor  and  Industry 
Public  Utilities 
Highways  and  Public  Works 
Banking  and  Insurance 
Military  Affairs 
Welfare 

The  consolidation  of  existing  departments  and  boards  with  the  above 
proposed  departments,  and  the  organization  and  function  of  each,  is 
given  in  the  following  pages.  Each  of  the  proposed  departments  will 
be  organized  with  appropriate  bureaus  and  further  sub-divided  into 
divisions  if  necessary.  In  most  instances  the  proposed  bureaus  have 
been  indicated,  but  such  proposals  are  suggestive  rather  than  final. 

With  the  exception  of  five  administrative  officers,  namely,  the  Secre¬ 
tary  of  State,  Auditor,  Treasurer,  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruc¬ 
tion,  and  the  Attorney-General,  who  are  elective  under  the  Constitution,- 
the  Governor,  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  will  appoint  the  heads  of 
all  departments.  The  power  of  removal  of  such  appointees  shall  be 
vested  with  the  Governor.  The  Department  head  will  appoint  the 
directors  of  all  bureaus  who  in  turn  shall  appoint  their  respective  sub¬ 
ordinates. 


43 


DEPARTMENT  OF  ADMINISTRATION 

Present  Organization  of  the  Office  of  the  Governor,  Council  of  State, 
Salary  Standardization  Board,  Budget  Commission,  Board  of  Internal 
Improvements,  State  Board  of  Pensions,  Printing  Commission,  Board 
of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  Appomattox  Commission,  Recon¬ 
struction  Commission,  Railroad  Stock  Commission,  Memorial  Build¬ 
ing  Commission,  and  the  Special  Legislative  School  Commission. 

The  Governor  of  the  State  of  North  Carolina  is  elected  by  the  people 
for  a  period  of  four  years.  His  present  salary,  which  is  fixed  by  the 
legislature,  is  $6,500,  in  addition  to  which  is  an  allowance  of  $600  for 
expenses.  He  is  also  provided  with  an  executive  mansion,  necessary 
servants  and  motor.  The  Constitution  requires  that  no  person  shall 
be  eligible  as  Governor  who  is  less  than  thirty  years  of  age,  and  who 
has  not  been  a  citizen  of  the  United  States  for  five  years,  and  a  resident 
of  this  State  for  twTo  years.  The  same  qualifications  are  required  of 
the  Lieutenant-Governor.  Section  1,  Article  III,  provides  that  in  the 
Governor  “shall  be  vested  the  supreme  executive  powers  of  State,”  but 
the  Governor  has  only  limited  powers  of  appointment  and  removal. 
In  pardoning  and  commutation  of  sentences,  his  authority  is  complete 
and  final,  but  he  has  no  veto  power.  North  Carolina  is  the  only  State 
in  the  Union  which  withholds  this  authority  from  its  chief  executive. 
The  General  Assembly  has  from  time  to  time  extended  the  investigative 
and  examining  powers  of  the  Governor  and  has  been  extremely  liberal 
in  its  ex  officio  assignments.  At  the  present  time  the  Governor  is  ex 
officio  chairman  or  member  of  thirteen  administrative  or  advisory 
boards  and  commissions,  and  three  institutional  boards.  Under  the 
provisions  of  the  Constitution  he  is  commander-in-chief  of  the  State 
militia  except  when  they  are  taken  under  federal  control. 

The  Lieutenant-Governor  is  constitutionally  President  of  the  Senate, 
but  lias  no  vote  unless  the -Senate  is  equally  divided. 

The  Council  of  State  consists  of  the  Secretary  of  State,  Auditor, 
Treasurer  and  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  as  provided  for 
in  Section  9,  Article  III,  of  the  Constitution.  The  Council  are  ex 
officio  members  of  the  Printing  Commission  and  constitute  the  Salary 
Standardization  Board.  Their  constitutional  duties  are  to  “advise 
the  Governor  in  the  execution  of  his  office.”  The  Constitution  further 
provides  that  the  Governor  receive  the  advice  of  the  Council  before 
calling  an  extra  session  of  the  General  Assembly.  Statutory  reference 
to  the  Council  of  State  are  extremely  limited,  but  through  precedent,  it 
has  assumed  broad  powers  m  the  formation  and  execution  oi  policies. 
In  questions  of  finance,  such  as  the  sale  and  issue  of  bonds  or  proposed 
encumbrances  on  the  franchise  or  property  of  any  corporation  in  which 
the  State  is  a  stockholder  or  otherwise  has  an  interest,  the  Council  has 

well  defined  powers. 


44 


Within  the  last  two  years,  the  Council  of  State  was  designated  by 
statute  as  a  board  to  adjust  and  fix  the  compensation  of  the  several 
clerks,  stenographers,  laborers  and  other  employees  not  in  excess  of 
three  thousand  dollars.  They  are  also  authorized  and  empowered  to 
employ  temporary  help  at  the  request  of  department  heads  and  to  fix 
their  compensation.  The  law  requires  that  the  proceedings  of  the  board 
be  kept  by  the  Auditor  and  reported  to  each  regular  session  of  the 
General  Assembly. 

The  Budget  Commission  was  created  under  the  provisions  of  Article 
1,  Chapter  126  of  the  Consolidated  Statutes.  In  its  original  form  the 
law  applied  to  every  department,  board,  commission  and  institution, 
“and  other  agencies  and  undertakings  receiving  or  asking  financial  aid 
from  the  State,  or  receiving  funds  under  authority  of  any  general  law 
of  the  State.”  At  the  extra  session  in  1920,  the  law  was  amended  to 
exclude  the  Executive  Department,5"  Legislature  and  Judiciary  from  its 
provisions.  Such  action  greatly  weakened  its  powers  and  scope  of 
usefulness. 

The  Governor  is  chairman  of  the  Budget  Commission.  Other  mem¬ 
bers  consist  of  the  chairmen  of  the  Senate  and  House  Committees  on 
Finance,  and  chairmen  of  the  Senate  and  House  Committees  on  Appro¬ 
priations,  respectively,  and  one  member  of  the  minority  party  of  the 
General  Assembly  appointed  by  the  Governor.  The  latter  member  was 
added  through  enactment  of  Chapter  196  of  the  Public  Laws  of  1921. 
The  duties  of  the  Budget  Commission  are  to  receive  on  or  before  Novem¬ 
ber  1st,  in  even  numbered  years,  from  each  department,  board  or 
commission  not  otherwise  excluded,  biennial  estimates  of  proposed 
expenditures  for  the  ensuing  biennial  period,  total  past  expenditures 
and  credit  balances,  together  with  sources  and  amounts  of  revenue.  On 
the  basis  of  these  requests,  which  are  supplemented  by  independent  de¬ 
partmental  investigations  and  public  hearings,  the  commission  is  directed 
to  prepare  and  submit  to  the  General  Assembly  the  so-called  budget  bill 
on  which  all  appropriations  are  based.  The  purpose  of  the  budget  is 
to  provide  an  understandable  and  workable  financial  program  of  revenue 
and  disbursements  of  the  State. 

The  Board  of  Internal  Improvements  is  composed  of  the  Governor, 
who  is  ex  officio  chairman,  and  two  members  appointed  by  him  for  a 
term  of  two  years.  In  this  capacity  they  receive  five  dollars  per  diem, 
and  necessary  expenses,  and  in  addition  extra  compensation  fixed  by 
the  Governor  for  special  investigations.  Its  duties  are  to  have  charge 
of  and  protect  the  State’s  interest  in  all  internal  improvements,  cor¬ 
porations,  such  as  railroads,  canals  or  other  public  works  in  which  the 
State  is  a  stockholder  or  part  owner.  They  are  also  required  to  repre¬ 
sent  the  State  at  directors’  or  stockholders’  meetings  either  in  person 
or  through  designation  of  proxies,  and  to  investigate  at  the  instance 


♦Section  1,  Article  III  of  the  Constitution,  states  that  the  Executive  Department  “shall  con¬ 
sist  of  a  Governor,  a  Lieutenant-Governor,  a  Secretary  of  State,  an  Auditor,  a  Treasurer,  a 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  an  Attorney-General.” 


45 


of  the  Governor  the  affairs  of  such  corporations  and  the  conduct  of  any 
officials  and  take  appropriate  action  thereon.  The  Board  is  also  directed 
to  inspect  and  investigate  annually  each  agency  and  department  and  to 
report  its  findings  to  the  Governor.  In  this  capacity  the  Board  has  all 
the  powers  of  a  legislative  investigative  committee,  and  may  employ 
experts  and  other  assistants  in  such  investigations.  The  Board  is  also 
required  to  report  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly  the  conditions 
of  works  of  all  internal  improvements  in  which  the  State  has  interest, 
and  to  suggest  suitable  improvements  and  any  desirable  new  activities. 

The  State  Board  of  Pensions  is  composed  of  the  Governor,  Attorney- 
General  and  Auditor  who  serve  in  an  ex  officio  capacity.  Their  duties 
are  to  prescribe  necessary  rules  and  regulations  governing  the  operation 
of  the  pension  law,  to  examine  each  application  for  a  pension  submitted 
by  the  county  boards  of  pensions,  and  to  periodically  revise  and  correct 
the  pension  rolls. 

The  Printing  Commission  is  an  ex  officio  board  consisting  of  the 
Governor,  Council  of  State,  the  Attorney-General  and  Commissioner  of 
Labor  and  Printing.  Its  duties  are  to  contract  for  all  printing  done 
directly  for  the  State  which  is  paid  for  out  of  the  general  fund.  This 
is  known  as  “Public  Printing”  and  includes  all  annual  or  biennial  de¬ 
partmental  reports,  blanks,  blank  books  and  office  stationery.  The  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Labor  and  Printing  is  directed  to  superintend  the  letting 
of  contracts,  but  the  Commission  regulates  the  sizes  of  books  and  publi¬ 
cations  and  general  style.  It  also  determines  the  scope  and  contents  of 
departmental  reports,  and  the  number  of  laws  and  resolutions  to  be 
printed. 

The  Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds  is  composed  of  the 
Governor,  Secretary  of  State,  Treasurer  and  Attorney-General,  all  of 
whom  serve  in  an  ex  officio  capacity.  Its  duties  are  to  take  charge  of 
and  keep  in  repair  State-owned  public  buildings  in  the  City  of  Raleigh, 
to  furnish  and  equip  the  General  Assembly  chambers  and  public  offices, 
to  authorize  repair  of  walks,  grounds  and  trees  about  the  capitol.  The 
board  appoints  a  Keeper  of  the  Capitol  who  has  charge  of  the  janitorial 
work  within  the  Capitol  proper,  and  care  of  the  grounds  about  the 
Capitol  and  executive  mansion.  The  Custodian  of  the  State  Depart¬ 
ments  Building  is  also  appointed  by  the  Board,  but  the  Custodian  of  the 
Administration  Building  is  appointed  by  the  five  Justices  of  the 
Supreme  Court,  the  Secretary  of  the  Historical  Commission  and  State 
Librarian. 

The  North  Carolina  Appomattox  Commission  is  composed  of  five 
special  commissioners  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  four 
years  to  serve  without  salary.  They  are  allowed  the  necessary  expenses. 
Their  duties  are  to  have  charge  of  three  parcels  of  State-owned  land 
at  Appomattox  Court  House,  and  to  preserve  the  memorials  placed 

there. 


46 


The  State  Reconstruction  Commission  was  created  in  1919  as  a 
post-war  agency  designed  to  study  the  industrial,  commercial  and  socio¬ 
logical  conditions  produced  by  the  World  War.  The  Commission  is 
composed  of  the  Governor  as  ex  officio  chairman  and  twenty-five  repre¬ 
sentative  citizens  appointed  by  him  for  an  indefinite  term,  to  serve  with¬ 
out  compensation  and  to  report  to  him. 

The  Railroad  Stock  Commission  was  created  under  the  provisions 
of  Chapter  148,  Public  Laws  of  1921.  It  is  composed  of  five  citizens 
appointed  for  an  indefinite  term  by  the  Governor,  and  includes  repre¬ 
sentation  by  the  minority  party.  The  members  receive  only  their  actual 
expenses.  Their  duties  are  to  investigate  the  advisability  of  selling 
the  stock  owned  by  the  State  in  the  North  Carolina  Railroad  Company, 
and  the  Atlantic  and  North  Carolina  Railroad  Company,  and  re-in¬ 
vesting  the  proceeds  in  proposed  railroads  in  the  western  part  of  the 
State.  The  bill  carried  an  appropriation  of  $5,000  to  be  used  in  pre¬ 
liminary  surveys  and  in  procuring  estimates  of  the  cost  of  construction 
of  the  proposed  railroads.  It  is  provided,  however,  that  the  commission 
“shall  not  consider  any  offer  to  purchase  the  stock  of  said  railroad 
companies  which  does  not  include  an  offer  to  purchase  the  stock  in 
said  companies  now  privately  owned  at  the  same  price  offered  the  State 
for  its  stock.”  The  law  further  provides  that  one  of  the  members 
of  the  Commission  be  a  stockholder  in  the  two  railroad  companies. 

The  Memorial  Building  Commission  was  created  in  1919,  for  the 
purpose  of  securing  funds  for  the  erection  on  State-owned  land  a  suit¬ 
able  memorial  in  recognition  of  the  services  of  North  Carolina  World 
War  veterans.  This  building  will  house  war  relics,  records  and  other 
memorials.  The  Commission  consists  of  the  Governor  as  chairman 
ex  officio,  the  President  of  the  Senate,  the  Speaker  of  the  House,  and 
nine  other  “well  qualified  persons”  appointed  by  the  Governor.  The 
Commission,  which  has  an  indefinite  term,  is  created  as  a  body  politic 
and  corporate  with  powers  of  condemnation  proceedings  and  other  cor¬ 
porate  authority. 

Ihe  Special  Legislative  School  Commission,  created  pursuant  to 
Chapter  25,  Public  Laws  of  1921,  Extra  Session,  consists  of  three  repre¬ 
sentatives  appointed  by  the  Speaker  of  the  House  and  two  Senators 
appointed  by  the  President  of  the  Senate.  The  Commission  is  charged 
with  the  study  of  the  laws  and  court  decisions  relating  to  “the  levy  of 
taxes  for  the  purpose  of  maintaining  a  six  months  school  term,  in 
accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  Constitution,  of  establishing  and 
maintaining  high  schools,  teachers’  salaries,  and  kindred  subjects.”  The 
Commission  is  directed  to  report  to  the  next  session  of  the  General 
Assembly  and  to  submit  appropriate  remedial  Bills. 

Proposed  Department  of  Administration 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Administration  will  be  the  Governor. 
His  term  of  office  will  be  four  years.  The  Department  will  constitute 


47 


a  staff  agency  for  the  Governor  as  well  as  perform  certain  administra¬ 
tive  functions. 

The  Council  of  State  will  continue  as  at  present,  but  a  Governor’s 
Cabinet  will  be  established  consisting  of  the  Council  and  the  other 
department  heads.  The  Council  will  constitute  the  executive  committee 
of  the  Cabinet. 

This  plan  makes  for  cohesiveness  in  the  State  organization  and  uni¬ 
formity  of  the  administration’s  program.  While  powers  of  the  Cabinet 
would  be  advisory  only  as  at  present,  each  administrative  head  would 
have  a  voice  in  the  formation  of  policy  and  accomplishments  of  the 
administration.  Such  procedure  would  further  emphasize  the  relation 
of  each  department  to  the  State  structure,  and  the  necessity  for  coordi¬ 
nation  and  cooperation. 

The  Department  will  be  organized  with  the  following  bureaus : 

Bureau  of  Administration 

Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies 

Office  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  be  under  the  director  appointed 
by  the  Governor.  A  primary  function  will  be  the  preparation  of  the 
budget,  a  duty  now  devolving  upon  the  Budget  Commission  which  will 
be  abolished.  A  staff  under  the  supervision  of  a  director  of  the  budget 
will  compile  the  necessary  financial  data.  Through  continuous  contact 
with  department  heads  and  employees  and  independent  investigation, 
the  financial  requirements  of  each  department  will  be  obtained  at 
first  hand.  Consequently,  when  the  departmental  estimates  are  received, 
the  Governor,  through  his  budget  staff,  will  know  the  relative  importance 
of  the  several  requests  for  appropriations.  It  is  contemplated  that  every 
department  and  agency  of  the  State  government,  including  the  Legis¬ 
lative  and  Judicial  branches,  will  be  included,  as  was  the  case  when  the 
budget  bill  was  originally  passed.  In  this  way  there  can  be  presented  to 
the  Legislature,  after  public  hearings -and  subject  to  reductions,  but  not 
increases,  except  where  such  additional  appropriations  are  accompanied 
by  specific  provision  for  raising  the  required  revenue,  a  complete  pro¬ 
gram  of  the  finances  of  the  State  showing  proposed  expenditures  and 
estimated  revenues  to  meet  such  expenditures. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  also  collect  the  information  neces¬ 
sary  to  a  proper  classification  of  employees,  with  a  view  to  standard¬ 
izing  salaries  for  similar  grades  of  work.  Classification  of  salaries  and 
jmsitions  is  not  only  essential  to  correct  budgeting,  but  equally  important 
in  establishing,  and  maintaining  proper  morale  among  the  State’s  em¬ 
ployees.  It  will  eliminate  dissatisfaction  arising  through  inequalities  of 
compensation  paid  by  the  several  departments  for  the  same  kind  of 
work,  facilitate  the  transfer  of  employees  from  one  department  to  an¬ 
other,  and  provide  for  uniform  salary  increases  based  on  length  of 


48 


service  and  merit.  The  Bureau  Examiners,  as  independent  staff  agents 
responsible  only  to  the  Governor,  are  in  a  position  to  obtain  at  first  hand 
and  without  bias,  the  data  necessary  to  the  establishment  of  a  uniform 
and  equitable  salary  and  grade  classification,  setting  forth  the  qualifica¬ 
tions  required  for  each  job  or  grade  of  work,  minimum  and  maximum 
salary  rates  paid  for  each  class  of  work  or  specified  grade,  the  conditions 
requisite  to  salary  increases  and  promotions  from  a  lower  to  a  higher 
grade.  Such  matters  of  personnel  and  related  features  would  be  con¬ 
ducted  in  conjunction  with  the  budget  work.  Once  the  classification  and 
governing  rules  are  established,  current  changes  of  status  could  be 
handled  without  additional  overhead  because  of  the  relatively  small 
number  of  State  employees.  The  present  functions  of  the  Council  of 
State  relating  to  the  fixing  of  salaries  will  be  transferred  to  this  Bureau. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  also  take  over  the  investigative 
functions  now  performed  by  the  Board  of  Internal  Improvements.  Here, 
again,  such  departmental  investigations  would  be  conducted  jointly  with 
budget  examination.  Wholly  apart  from  its  relation  to  the  budget, 
there  is  a  genuine  need  for  intensive  current  studies  of  the  work  of 
each  department  and  agency  of  the  State  government  if  the  Governor 
is  to  be  kept  informed  as  to  the  conduct  of  the  affairs  of  each  depart¬ 
ment,  the  necessity  for  continuing  existing  activities  and  the  addition 
of  new  activities. 

The  investigation  of  corporations  in  which  the  State  is  a  party  or 
has  an  interest,  now  performed  by  the  Board  will  be  carried  on  by  the 
Director  of  the  Bureau  of  Administration  subject  to  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Governor.  He  will  also  represent  the  State  at  the  meetings 
of  directors  or  stockholders  of  such  corporations,  either  in  person  or 
through  proxies  designated  by  him  with  the  approval  of  the  Governor. 
The  Board  as  such  would  thereby  be  abolished. 

This  Bureau  will  also  establish  a  uniform  policy  as  to  content,  arrange¬ 
ment  and  general  presentation  of  departmental  reports,  and  edit  all 
material  submitted  for  publication.  Scrutiny  of  existing  reports  reveals 
wide  disparity  as  to  treatment,  the  inclusion  of  irrelevant  material 
and,  m  some  cases,  inadequate  information.  One  policy  under  one 
control  would  insure  the  exclusion  of  extraneous  subject  matter  and  the 
publication  of  facts  and  figures  which  are  of  genuine  concern  to  those 
interested. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  assume  the  duties  of  the  State 
Boaid  of  Pensions  in  so  far  as  they  relate  to  the  review  of  applications 
foi  pensions  as  submitted  by  local  county  boards  of  pensions.  The 
State  Boaid  as  such  will  be  abolished  and  the  Governor,,  instead  of  the 
Auditor  as  at  present,  will  appoint  the  local  boards.  The  Bureau  will 
also  make  periodic  examinations  of  the  pension  rolls  with  a  view  of 
keeping  them  up  to  date,  but  the  drawing  of  warrants  will  continue  to 
be  handled  by  the  Auditor.  He  will  issue  to  the  clerks  of  the  Superior 
Courts  pension  warrants  based  on  the  revised  rolls  as  approved  by  the 


49 


Bureau.  Inquiry  into  a  retirement  and  pension  system  for  State 
employees  should  properly  come  within  the  purview  of  the  Bureau  of 
Administration. 

The  second  distinct  agency  within  the  Department  of  Administration 
is  the  Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies,  at  the  head  of  which  will  he  a 
director  of  purchase  appointed  by  the  Governor.  The  duties  of  the 
Printing  Commission  and  the  supervision  of  public  printing  by  the 
Department  of  Labor  and  Printing  will  he  transferred  to  the  proposed 
bureau,  and  the  Printing  Commission  wTill  he  abolished.  Printing,  how¬ 
ever,  will  he  hut  one  of  the  many  items  purchased.  The  director  of  the 
Bureau,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Governor,  will  be  empowered  to 
contract  with  printers,  jobbers,  manufacturers  and  others  for  all  sup¬ 
plies  centrally  purchased,  subject  to  the  rules  formally  approved  by  the 
Governor,  and  he  will  supervise  the  purchase  of  such  supplies,  material 
and  equipment  for  each  department  and  institution. 

The  reports  and  publications  of  the  several  departments  and  institu¬ 
tions  are  of  vital  interest  to  the  Governor  and  General  Assembly,  and 
there  is  need  for  uniformity  of  publication.  Seventeen  departments 
issue  biennial  reports  to  the  Governor  or  General  Assembly,  eleven  issue 
annual  reports,  seven  issue  interim  or  special  reports  and  thirty-one  de¬ 
partments  do  not  issue  any  report.  Of  the  institutions,  twenty  issue 
biennial  reports  and  eight  issue  annual  reports.  These  reports  are 
the  official  record  of  the  work  of  each  department  and  institution,  and 
as  such,  should  he  issued  annually.  This  would  enhance  the  value  of 
their  statistics  and  at  the  same  time,  keep  the  Governor  and  the  public 
in  closer  touch  with  the  operation  of  each.  All  proof-reading  would 
be  handled  in  this  Bureau.  Careful  supervision  in  the  foregoing  re¬ 
spects  would  cut  printing  costs  to  a  minimum,  and  tend  to  offset  any 
increased  expense  entailed  through  annual  appearance  of  reports  now 
published  biennially. 

A  central  mailing,  mimeographing  and  multigraphing  system,  as  far 
as  practical,  will  be  lodged  in  the  Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies. 

The  office  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds 
will  be  in  charge  of  a  superintendent  appointed  by  the  Governor,  serv¬ 
ing  at  his  pleasure.  He  will  supervise  the  custodial  work  at  present 
under  the  control  of  the  Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  which 
will  be  abolished.  He  will  appoint  the  Keeper  of  the  Capitol,  the  cus¬ 
todians  of  the  State  Departments  Building  and  Administration  Build¬ 
ing,  hire  all  necessary  help  and  be  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and 
upkeep  of  the  State-owned  buildings,  the  grounds  and  trees  about  the 
Capitol  and  Governor’s  Mansion,  the  repair  of  walks,  heating,  wiring, 
plumbing,  etc.  He  will  also  administer  the  functions  of  the  Horth 
Carolina  Appomattox  Commission  which  will  be  abolished. 

Since  the  State  Reconstruction  Commission,  Railroad  Stock  Com¬ 
mission,  Memorial  Building  Commission  and  Special  Legislative  School 


—4 


50 


Commission  are  temporary  agencies,  they  would  not  be  affected  by  the 
proposed  organization.  Upon  submission  of  their  final  reports  and 
completion  of  their  respective  tasks,  they  automatically  cease  to  exist; 
but  the  practice  of  creating  additional  agencies  or  commissions  for 
even  temporary  assignments  should  be  discouraged.  In  some  cases  they 
are  desirable,  but  in  the  majority  of  instances  any  new  activities,  whether 
temporary  or  permanent,  can  be  effectively  handled  by  existing  depart¬ 
ments  or  staff  agencies. 

All  of  the  above  changes  may  be  effected  through  statutory  legisla¬ 
tion. 


51 


DEPARTMENT  OF  STATE 

Present  Organization  of  the  Secretary  of  State’s  Office,  the  State  Board  of 
Elections,  Board  of  State  Canvassers,  and  the  Municipal 

Board  of  Control 

The  Secretary  of  State  is  a  constitutional  officer  elected  by  the 
people  for  a  term  of  four  years,  and  receives  a  salary  of  $4,500.  He 
is  ex  officio  member  of  the  following  hoards : 

Council  of  State 

State  Board  of  Education 

Trustee— State  Library 

Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds 

Municipal  Board  of  Control 

Section  13,  Article  III  of  the  Constitution,  provides  that  the  duties 
of  the  Secretary  of  State  “shall  be  prescribed  by  law.” 

At  the  present  time  the  Secretary  of  State  has  custody  of  all  statutes 
and  resolutions,  all  documents  which  pass  under  the  Great  Seal,  rolls 
of  registered  voters  and  other  State  and  official  records ;  he  supervises 
the  publication  and  distribution  of  the  laws,  supplies  certain  election 
printing  to  election  officials,  examines  and  certifies  articles  or  certificates 
of  incorporation ;  and  he  also  has  charge  of  the  Automobile  License 
Bureau  and  collection  of  the  gasoline  road  tax. 

The  State  Board  of  Elections  is  composed  of  five  members  of  whom 
not  more  than  three  are  of  the  same  political  party,  appointed  by  the 
Governor  for  a  term  of  two  years.  Each  receives  $5.00  per  diem  and 
expenses.  The  Board  is  charged  with  the  enforcement  of  State  and 
county  election  laws,  the  preparation  and  distribution  to  county  boards 
of  elections,  ballots,  poll  books,  forms  of  election  returns;  the  ordering 
of  elections;  the  making  of  recounts  and  promulgation  of  general  elec¬ 
tion  regulations. 

The  Board  of  State  Canvassers  is  composed  of  four  members  of 
the  State  Board  of  Elections,  and  the  Governor  ex  officio,  all  of  whom 
serve  without  additional  compensation.  Their  duties  are  to  ascertain 
and  declare  from  abstracts  of  votes  cast,  the  results  of  elections  of  the 
Governor  and  all  State  officers,  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court,  Judges 
of  the  Superior  Courts  and  Solicitors,  Congressmen  and  United  States 
Senators.  These  abstracts  are  prepared  by  county  boards  of  elections 
and  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  State  by  the  several  registers  of 
deeds.  The  results  are  certified  to  by  the  Secretary  of  State  and  the 
Board  then  estimates  and  publishes  the  unofficial  number  of  votes  cast 
for  State  officers. 

The  Municipal  Board  of  Control  is  an  ex  officio  agency  composed  of 
the  Attorney-General,  who  is  chairman,  the  Secretary  of  State  and  the 


52 


Chairman  of  the  Corporation  Commission.  They  serve  during  the 
period  of  their  regular  term  of  office  without  additional  compensation. 
Their  duties  are  to  hear  petitions  for  incorporation  of  municipalities; 
to  determine  if  the  requirements  of  law  have  been  fulfilled  by  the  peti¬ 
tioners  and  that  the  facts  as  stated  are  true;  to  enter  orders  creating 
the  prescribed  territory  into  a  town  and  to  provide  for  the  holding  of 
the  first  election  of  mayor  and  commissioners,  the  number  of  which 
to  be  determined  by  them. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  State 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  State  will  be  the  Secretary  of  State 
elected  as  at  present  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

The  duties  of  the  Department  will  include  its  present  functions  as 
now  prescribed  by  law,  with  the  exception  of  those  relating  to  the  Bureau 
of  Automobile  Licenses.  In  addition,  it  will  administer  the  election 
law  as  at  present  entrusted  to  the  Sate  Board  of  Elections  and  Board 
of  State  Canvassers,  and  the  duties  of  the  Board  of  Municipal  Control. 
These  three  boards  will  be  abolished.  The  Department  will  be  organized 
into  three  bureaus  as  follows : 

Bureau  of  Records 
Corporation  Bureau 
Bureau  of  Elections 

The  Bureau  of  Records  will  continue  to  have  custody  of  official  docu¬ 
ments  and  records  as  at  present,  the  publication  and  distribution  of  elec¬ 
tion  laws  and  necessary  election  printing.  This  Bureau  will  also  perform 
all  general  administrative  detail  of  the  Department. 

The  C  orporation  Bureau  will  continue  to  issue,  record  and  tile  certifi¬ 
cates  of  incorporation  of  all  companies,  municipal,  institutional  and 
commercial.  The  functions  of  the  Municipal  Board  of  Control  will  be 
transferred  to  this  Bureau. 

The  Bureau  of  Elections  will  assume  the  duties  of  the  State  Board 
of  Elections  and  Board  of  State  Canvassers  and  enforce  the  provisions 
generally  of  the  election  laws. 

The  duties  of  the  present  Automobile  License  Bureau  will  be  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  proposed  Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue  as  indi¬ 
cated  in  the  discussion  of  that  Department. 

The  above  changes  require  statutory  revision  only. 


53 


DEPARTMENT  OF  AUDIT  AND  CONTROL 

Present  Organization  of  the  State  Auditor’s  Department 

The  State  Auditor  is  a  constitutional  officer  provided  for  under  Sec¬ 
tion  1,  Article  III.  He  is  elected  for  a  period  of  four  years  and  re¬ 
ceives  a  salary  of  $4,500.  He  is  ex  officio  a  member  of  the  Council 
of  State,  State  Board  of  Education,  State  Board  of  Pensions,  Salary 
Standardization  Board  and  Printing  Commission. 

The  duties  of  the  Auditor  are  to  superintend  the  fiscal  affairs  of  the 
State;  to  keep  and  state  all  accounts  in  which  the  State  is  interested; 
to  draw  warrants  on  the  State  Treasurer  on  approved  vouchers ;  to  cause 
to  be  audited  and  adjusted  the  account  of  each  State  Department  and 
institution.  In  1921,  the  General  Assembly  enlarged  the  powers  of 
the  Auditor,  giving  him  authority  and  control  of  the  accounting  methods 
of  each  State  Department,  institution,  county  official  and  county.  Under 
this  law  he  is  empowered  to  devise  and  install  a  uniform  accounting 
system  for  the  entire  State  and  to  require  all  State  officers  to  adopt  such 
systems  as  he  may  elect.  For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  State, 
the  Auditor  is  given  authority  to  examine  and  audit  the  accounts  of  all 
counties,  aqd  to  prepare  and  install  a  uniform  method  of  accounting  for 
these  counties. 

The  Auditor  is  required  by  law  to  report  annually  to  the  Governor 
and  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly,  a  complete  statement  of  re¬ 
ceipts  and  expenditures  of  the  State  during  the  preceding  fiscal  year, 
together  with  a  detailed  estimate  of  proposed  expenditures  for  the 
ensuing  fiscal  year. 

The  Auditor,  as  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Pensions,  supervises 
the  State’s  pension  system.  This  Board  examines  each  application  for 
a  pension  presented  to  it  by  the  local  county  boards  of  pensions.  With 
the  exception  of  the  clerks  of  the  Superior  Courts,  members  of  these 
boards  are  appointed  by  the  Auditor.  The  Auditor  is  directed  to  appor¬ 
tion  and  distribute  the  money  appropriated  by  the  State  for  pensions 
and  to  issue  warrants  semiannually  to  the  clerks  of  the  Superior  Courts 
pro  rata  in  the  respective  pension  grades.  The  law  further  provides 
that  the  entire  annual  appropriation  shall  be  paid  each  year  to  the 
pensioners,  notwithstanding  the  amounts  so  paid  may  be  in  excess  of 
the  amounts  fixed  by  law  for  the  several  grades,  provided  the  total  ap¬ 
propriation  shall  not  exceed  one  million  dollars  annually.  These  pen¬ 
sions  are  distributed  among  disabled  ex-Confederate  soldiers  and  their 
widows. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Audit  and  Control 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Audit  and  Control  will  be  the  Auditor, 
elected  for  a  term  of  four  years. 


54 


In  view  of  the  fact  that  a  centralized  and  uniform  system  of  account¬ 
ing  is  now  being  installed  in  all  State  departments  and  institutions,  of 
which  the  Auditor  will  have  complete  control,  and  that  a  discussion  of 
the  proposed  organization  of  this  Department  appears  in  the  section 
of  the  report  dealing  with  accounting  methods,  this  subject  need  not 
be  further  considered  here. 

The  Auditor  vTill  continue  his  present  functions  which  relate  directly 
to  audit  and  control  of  revenue,  both  accruals  and  collections,  and  ex¬ 
penditures,  but  the  supervision  and  control  of  the  pension  system  will 
be  transferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Administration  in  the  proposed  De¬ 
partment  of  Administration.  The  Auditor  should  be  relieved  of  the 
review  of  pension  applications  and  of  all  administrative  wTork  in  con¬ 
nection  therewith.  The  same  officer  should  not  be  called  upon  to  pass 
upon  the  validity  of  a  pension  application  and  then  approve  the  same 
for  payment.  Determination  of  pension  eligibility  is  an  administrative 
function.  Authorization  for  payment  is  an  auditing  function  and  each 
should  be  performed  by  independent  and  separate  officers. 

The  issuing  of  franchise  tax  statements  by  the  Auditor  to  corpora¬ 
tions  and  county  officers,  and  other  tax  collecting  functions  now  lodged 
with  the  Auditor  will  be  transferred  to  the  proposed  Department  of 
Taxation  and  Revenue.  These  duties  relate  to  taxation,  not  audit,  and 
should  repose  in  the  department  charged  with  the  disposal  of ‘tax  matters. 

The  above  changes  may  ho  effected  through  statutory  enactment. 


% 


55 


DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  TREASURY 

Present  Organization  of  the  Treasurer’s  Office 

The  State  Treasurer  is  a  constitutional  officer  elected  by  the  people 
for  a  term  of  four  years.  His  salary  is  $4,500. 

He  is  ex  officio  a  member  of  the  Council  of  State,  State  Board  of 
Education  and  Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds.  In  addition, 
he  is  ex  officio  treasurer  of  three  State  departments,  namely,  Depart¬ 
ment  of  Agriculture,  State  Board  of  Education  and  the  State  Board  for 
Vocational  Education,  and  eleven  State  institutions.  These  institu¬ 
tions  include  the  three  hospitals  for  the  insane,  the  State’s  prison  and 
several  of  the  more  important  educational  and  charitable  institutions. 
His  position  as  ex  officio  treasurer  of  the  three  departments  mentioned 
is  due  to  the  peculiarities  of  the  present  financial  system  of  the  State. 
Each  of  these  departments  has  sources  of  revefme  which  are  placed 
to  the  credit  of  special  funds  instead  of  the  general  fund,  and  desig¬ 
nated  by  law  for  the  exclusive  use  of  the  respective  departments. 

Section  13,  Article  III  of  the  Constitution,  provides  that  the  duties 
of  the  Treasurer  “shall  be  prescribed  by  law.”  These  laws  empower 
and  direct  the  Treasurer  to  receive  and  account  for  all  moneys  paid  into 
the  Treasury  of  the  State;  to  pay  all  warrants  legally  drawn  on  the 
Treasury  by  the  Auditor,  and  no  moneys  can,  under  the  law,  be  paid 
out  of  the  Treasury  except  on  warrant  of  the  Auditor;  to  designate, 
after  examining  and  receiving  security,  State  depository  bauks;  to  make 
short  term  notes  in  emergencies  subject  to  approval  of  the  Governor  and 
Council ;  to  construe  revenue  and  machinery  acts ;  to  keep  records  and 
accounts  of  all  bonds  issued,  registered,  transferred,  exchanged  and  sur¬ 
rendered,  and  to  issue  coupon  bonds  in  lieu  of  registered  bonds  as 
occasion  demands. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  the  Treasury 

In  the  administration  of  the  State  government  there  are  certain  clear- 
cut  financial  activities  which  properly  devolve  upon  the  Treasurer. 
These  may  be  briefly  summarized  as  those  concerned  with  athe  care  and 
management  of  funds  and  securities  acquired;  the  sale  of  bonds  and  the 
issuance  of  other  evidence  of  debt  for  funds  or  refunding;  the  disburse¬ 
ment  of  funds  in  the  liquidation  of  debt  and  the  payment  for  services; 

and  the  keeping  of  accounts  needed  to  control  the  administration 
of  funds  and  properties  and  for  the  preparation  of  reports  on  assets, 
liabilities,  revenues,  expenditures,  surplus  and  deficit.”* 

It  is  proposed  that  a  Department  of  the  Treasury  be  established,  at 
the  head  of  which  shall  be  the  State  Treasurer,  elected  by  the  people 
for  a  term  of  four  years.  In  this  Department  shall  be  grouped,  as  far 
as  possible,  the  functions  indicated  above,  and  the  Department,  as  the 

♦Report  of  New  York  Reconstruction  Commission,  page  6U. 


56 


financial  arm  of  the  government,  shall  exercise  all  control  over  receipt 
and  disbursement  of  all  the  State’s  funds,  including  those  derived  from 
the  sale  of  bond  issues.  It  shall  be  an  agency  to  receive  and  disburse 
revenues  but  not  to  collect  them.  Its  present  functions,  which  pertain 
to  the  collection  of  certain  taxes  and  license  fees,  will  be  transferred  to 
the  proposed  Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue.  The  Treasurer 
shall  be  the  chief  financial  officer  of  the  State,  and  responsible  to  the 
people  for  the  custody  of  their  moneys,  but  at  the  same  time  he  shall 
advise  the  Governor  and  his  Council  on  policies  and  problems  of  finance. 
He  will  be  ex  officio  treasurer  of  all  State  institutions  and  custodian  of 
all  departmental  revenues.  A  more  detailed  discussion  of  the  specific 
duties,  responsibilities  and  bureau  organization  of  the  Department  is 
contained  in  a  separate  report  on  the  new  accounting  system  and 
procedures. 

The  above  changes  require  statutory  revision  only. 


57 


DEPARTMENT  OF  EDUCATION 

Present  Organization  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and 

Related  Agencies 

The  State  Board  of  Education  directs  the  operation  and  management 
of  the  public  school  system  of  the  State  and  other  educational  activities 
as  required  by  law,  deriving  its  status  and  entity  from  the  Constitution. 
The  members  are  all  the  elective  constitutional  officers  and  serve  in  an 
ex  officio  capacity.  They  consist  of  the  Governor,  the  Lieutenant-Gov¬ 
ernor,  the  Secretary  of  State,  the  Treasurer,  Auditor,  Superintendent 
of  Public  Instruction  and  Attorney-General,  a  majority  constituting  a 
quorum  for  the  transaction  of  business.  The  Governor  is  designated 
as  president  and  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  as  secretary 
of  the  Board. 

Section  10,  Article  IX  of  the  Constitution  in  defining  the  powers  of 
the  Board,  states  that  it  “shall  have  full  power  to  legislate  and  make  all 
needful  rules  and  regulations  in  relation  to  free  public  schools  and  the 
educational  fund  of  the  State;  but  all  acts,  rules  and  regulations  of 
said  Board  may  be  altered,  amended  or  repealed  by  the  General  Assem¬ 
bly,  and  when  so  altered,  amended  or  repealed,  they  shall  not  be  reen¬ 
acted  by  the  Board.”  The  Board  is  charged  with  the  management  of 
the  State  Literary  Fund  and  the  Public  School  Fund,  expending  and 
apportioning  same  as  prescribed  by  law.  It  appoints  members  of  the 
Text-book  Commission  and  contracts  with  publishers  for  the  purchase 
of  elementary  text-books  selected  by  the  Commission  and  approved  by 
the  Board.  It  also  enforces  the  compulsory  attendance  law.  It  is 
further  charged  with  the  surveying  and  reclamation  of  State  swamp 
lands  and  their  improvement  through  construction  of  canals,  ditches 
and  roads.  It  may  sell,  lease  or  exchange  same  and  apply  the  proceeds 
to  the  State  Literary  Fund.  It  also  has  the  power  of  assessing  private 
lands  improved  through  the  reclamation  of  adjoining  State  swamps  and 
of  collecting  such  taxes.  In  the  planning  of  this  work  the  Board  ap¬ 
points  an  engineer,  surveyor  and  other  assistants,  and  an  agent  “to 
superintend  and  supervise  all  the  swamp  lands  belonging  to  the  State 
Board  of  Education.” 

The  administrative  work  of  the  Board  is  carried  on  through  its 
secretary,  namely,  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  and  he 
is  the  chief  executive  officer.  He  is  ex  officio  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Trustees  of  the  University  of  North  Carolina,  and  president  of  the 
boards  of  trustees  of  the  Women’s  College  and  East  Carolina  Teachers’ 
College.  He  is  also  ex  officio  a  member  of  the  Library  Commission, 
State  Library  Board,  State  Board  for  Vocational  Education,  Child 
Welfare  Commission  and  College  Commission.  . 


58 


The  duties  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  are  to  direct 
the  operation  of  the  public  schools  of  Xorth  Carolina,  and  to  enforce 
and  construe  the  laws  and  regulations  in  relation  thereto.  He  super¬ 
vises  the  operation  and  management  of  six  normal  schools,  school  ex¬ 
tension  work,  teacher-training,  vocational  education,  and  rural  library- 
work  of  the  Department.  ITe  approves  the  rules  and  regulations  govern¬ 
ing  the  work  of  the  Text-hook  Commission  for  the  elementary  schools, 
appoints  a  State  Committee  on  High  School  hext-hooks,  and  has  final 
approval  of  all  books  recommended  by  them,  and  he  contracts  with 
publishers  for  the  purchase  and  distribution  of  such  books. 

The  Department  operates  on  funds  derived  from  three  principal 
sources;  (1)  appropriations  from  the  general  fund  set  aside  and  known 
as  the  State  Public  School  Fund,  (2)  the  State  Literary  Fund,  and 
(3),  from  federal  appropriations  made  for  vocational  education,  physi¬ 
cal  education  and  other  purposes.  The  public  school  fund  appropria¬ 
tion  in  1921  was  $1,400,000.  This  money  is  apportioned  to  the  county 
boards  of  education  to  provide  for  a  six  months  term  in  each  county. 
The  amount  so  apportioned  is  based  on  budgets  received  from  several 
county  boards  showing  the  sources  of  revenue  and  amounts  and  proposed 
expenditures  for  each  county.  Formerly  the  public  school  fund  was 
derived  from  a  special  direct  tax  of  32  cents  on  each  one  hundred  dollars 
assessed  valuation  of  taxable  property  in  the  State.  This  direct  tax 
was  supplanted  in  1921  by  the  income  tax,  but  counties  still  levy  for 
local  school  purposes  a  tax  not  to  exceed  39  cents  per  one  hundred 
dollars  assessed  value  of  real  and  personal  property,  together  with  the 
same  per  cent  on  the  poll  tax.  The  State  Literary  Fund  is  derived 
from  the  sale  of  reclaimed  State  lands,  leases  and  assessments  on  adjoin¬ 
ing  improved  property,  and  is  loaned  to  counties  on  a  long  term  basis 
for  the  construction  of  new  school  houses  and  permanent  improve¬ 
ments. 

The  State  Board  for  Vocational  Education  is  composed  of  the  Super¬ 
intendent  of  Public  Instruction,  who  is  executive  officer  of  the  Board, 
and  three  members  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  four  years 
representing  agriculture,  home  economics,  and  trades  and  industries 
respectively.  The  duties  of  the  board  are  to  administer  the  federal 
and  State  laws  in  relation  to  vocational  education  and  funds  appro¬ 
priated  therefor;  to  formulate  plans  for  the  promotion  of  vocational 
education  in  the  public  school  system,  and  to  provide  for  the  prepara¬ 
tion  and  certification  of  teachers  in  such  subjects.  The  Board  directs 
and  supervises  the  extension  of  vocational  education  in  communities 
through  the  cooperation  with  local  agencies  and  county  boards,  and  ^ 
assists  in  prescribing  courses  and  methods  of  study,  conduct  of  classes, 
etc.  Through  cooperation  with  federal  agencies  it  provides  for  the 
maintenance  and  vocational  rehabilitation  of  persons  injured  in  indus¬ 
try,  and  administers  federal  and  State  appropriations  therefor. 


59 


The  Text-book  Commission  is  composed  of  seven  members  appointed 
by  the  Governor  and  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  for  a  term 
of  five  years.  The  members  are  required  to  be  actively  engaged  in 
teaching  or  supervisory  work.  For  the  first  year  they  receive  $200 
and  expenses  except  the  chairman,  who  receives  $225  and  expenses,  and 
$5  per  diem  and  expenses  thereafter.  The  duties  of  the  Commission 
are  to  prepare,  subject  to  the  approval  of  Superintendent  of  Public 
Instruction,  an  outline  course  of  study  indicating  subjects  to  be  taught 
in  the  elementary  schools  of  the  State,  and  to  submit  to  the  State  Board 
of  Education  multiple  lists  of  approved  basal  and  supplemental  books 
selected  in  conformity  with  the  outline  course  of  study.  The  final  selec¬ 
tion  is  made  by  the  Board  of  Education,  which  upon  adoption,  con¬ 
tracts  with  publishers  to  furnish  the  books  for  a  period  of  five  years 
or  less,  as  it  may  determine. 

The  State  Committee  on  High  School  Text-books  is  composed  of 
five  members  appointed  by  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  for 
a  term  of  four  years.  There  are  no  qualifications  stated  in  the  law, 
and  the  members  receive  necessary  expenses  only.  Their  duties  are 
to  select  and  submit  to  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  a  list 
of  text-books  which  it  deems  suitable  for  use  in  the  public  high  schools  of 
the  State.  This  list,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Superintendent 
of  Public  Instruction,  constitutes  the  approved  State  list  of  text-books 
to  be  used  for  a  period  of  four  years  in  the  high  schools  of  the  State. 
The  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  contracts  with  the  publishers 
for  the  purchase  and  distribution  of  these  books. 

The  Library  Commission  is  composed  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public 
Instruction  and  State  Librarian,  who  are  members  ex  officio ,  two  mem¬ 
bers  appointed  by  the  North  Carolina  Library  Association  and  one 
member  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  overlapping  terms  of  three 
years.  The  Library  Commission  gives  advice  and  assistance  to  all  libra¬ 
rians  of  the  State  and  to  communities  proposing  to  establish  libraries 
in  such  matters  as  selection  of  books,  cataloging  and  maintenance. 
An  important  function  of  the  Commission  is  the  operating  of  traveling 
libraries  in  those  sections  of  the  State  where  there  are  no  public  or  school 
libraries.  It  also  compiles  library  statistics  based  on  reports  received 
from  every  public  library  m  the  State,  and  publishes  a  quaiteilv  bulletin. 
The  administrative  work  is  under  the  direction  of  a  paid  secretary 
appointed  by  the  Commission. 

The  State  Library  Board  is  composed  of  the  Governor,  Superin¬ 
tendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  Secretary  of  State  who  constitute 
•  the  trustees  ez  officio  of  the  State  Library.  The  actual  operation  of  the 
library  is  under  the  direction  of  a  State  Librarian.  Books  for  the 
library  are  purchased  by  a  committee  consisting  of  the  State  Librarian, 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  three  other  persons.  At 
present  there  are  37,300  volumes  in  the  library,  exclusive  of  bound 


60 


magazines  and  newspapers.  In  addition  to  maintaining  a  general 
library,  as  well  as  a  document  library  for  the  use  of  the  General  Assem¬ 
bly,  the  librarian  publishes  and  sells  historical  documents  and  books. 

The  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  have  charge  of  the  Law  Library 
and  prescribe  rules  for  its  maintenance  and  operation.  They  also  ap¬ 
point  a  librarian,  but  the  law  directs  the  clerk  of  the  Supreme  Court 
under  the  direction  of  the  trustees  to  purchase  books  for  the  library, 
such  moneys  being  derived  from  the  amounts  paid  in  by  applicants  who 
take  the  State  bar  examinations. 

The  College  Commission  is  composed  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public 
Instruction  who  is  ex  officio  chairman,  and  four  other  members  appointed 
by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  five  years  without  compensation.  The 
Commission  prescribes  the  rules  as  provided  by  law  governing  the  con¬ 
ferring  of  degrees  by  educational  institutions ;  and  no  institution  created 
after  the  passage  of  the  act  in  1919  may  confer  any  degree  until  its 
financial  conditions,  equipment,  and  educational  standards  have  been 
examined  and  approved  by  the  Commission.  It  is  also  empowered  to 
revoke  licenses  in  event  of  failure  to  maintain  standards  set. 

The  Historical  Commission  is  composed  of  five  members  appointed 
by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  six  years.  They  receive  no  compensa¬ 
tion,  but  are  allowed  their  actual  expenses,  not  in  excess  of  four  meet¬ 
ings  a  year.  The  administrative  work  is  under  the  charge  of  a  secretary. 
The  duties  of  the  Commission  are  to  collect  and  publish  information 
relating  to  the  history  of  North  Carolina,  and  to  stimulate  historical 
investigation  and  research.  The  Commission  has  in  its  archives  a  collec¬ 
tion  of  public  documents,  original  papers  and  manuscripts  of  interest  to 
the  public  generally.  It  is  empowered  to  make  copies  of  such  documents 
and  sell  the  same,  using  the  proceeds  in  the  furtherance  of  its  work. 

The  Legislative  Reference  Library  is  also  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Historical  Commission  in  the  charge  of  a  librarian  whose  duties 
are  to  collect  and  annotate  information  upon  questions  of  State,  county 
and  municipal  legislation.  A  variety  of  subjects  has  been  compiled,  and 
over  10,000  books,  laws,  pamphlets  and  clippings  have  been  gathered 
and  classified. 

At  the  present  time  there  are  some  thirteen  State  boards,  operating 
separately  and  independently,  whose  function  is  to  examine,  register 
and  certify  applicants  to  practice  in  the  professions  or  quasi-professions 
represented,  to  collect  fees  for  the  issuance  of  licenses  or  certificates  and 
for  the  renewal  of  same  where  authorized  by  law.  These  boards  cover 
the  following  professions  and  vocations  : 

Accountancy 

Architecture 

Chiropody 

Chiropractic 

Dentistry 


61 


Embalming 

Engineering  and  Surveying 

Medicine 

Optometry 

Osteopathy 

Pharmacy 

Nursing 

Veterinary  Medicine 

Each  of  these  hoards  was  created  by  a  special  statute  at  various  times 
and  by  various  general  assemblies,  a  process  which  explains  the  lack  of 
uniformity  in  their  organization  and  management.  The  membership 
varies  from  three  to  seven  members ;  there  are  five  methods  of  appoint¬ 
ment  with  terms  of  from  three  to  five  years,  and  compensation  varies 
from  four  to  ten  dollars  per  diem.  In  one  instance  it  is  fixed  by  the 
board  and  in  other  instances  only  actual  expenses  are  allowed  or  no 
amount  stated.  The  examination  fees  range  from  $10.00  to  $25.00  with 
corresponding  variations  in  renewal  fees.  Only  two  boards  are  required 
to  turn  over  any  surplus  to  the  State  Treasurer,  the  remaining  eleven 
being  permitted  to  retain  all  moneys  collected.  The  above  data  are 
shown  in  detail  in  appropriate  exhibits. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Education 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Education  will  be  the  Superintendent 
of  Public  Instruction,  and  he  will  be  elected  as  at  present  for  a  term 
of  four  years. 

It  is  important  that  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  con¬ 
tinue  his  ex  officio  relationship  to  the  institutions  on  whose  boards  he 
is  now  representing.  As  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  and  President  of  the  Boards  of  Trustees 
of  the  Women’s  College  and  East  Carolina  Teachers’  College,  he  can 
give  such  institutions  of  higher  learning  the  benefit  of  his  experience 
and  can  present  to  the  several  boards  the  educational  problems  and  de¬ 
mands  of  the  State.  His  voice  in  the  selection  of  the  Boards  of  Trustees 
of  the  several  normal  schools  and  his  power  in  the  formation  of  their 
policies  and  management  are  essential  if  teaching  standards  are  to  be 
raised,  and  his  authority  in  such  matters  should  not  be  circumscribed. 

The  State  Board  of  Education  will  continue  its  present  membership, 
i.e.,  the  seven  constitutional  officers.  The  powers  of  the  board  in  so  far 
as  the  administration  of  the  Department  of  Education  is  concerned  will 
be  advisory,  but  the  Board  will  constitute  the  coiporate  agency  of  the 
Department  as  at  present,  and  assume  appropriate  corporate  powers 
of  the  present  Board.  It  will  have  general  charge  of  the  Depaitment  s 
finances  and  will  suggest  and  assist  in  the  formulation  of  broad  educa¬ 
tional  policies.  The  engineering  and  taxation  functions  in  regard  to 
the  reclamation  and  assessment  of  swamp  lands  will  be  transferred  to  the 


62 


Departments  of  Highways  and  Public  Works  and'  Taxation  and 
Revenue,  respectively. 

The  Department  of  Education  will  consist  of  the  following  seven 
bureaus  and  divisions : 

Bureau  of  Administration : 

Division  of  Plans  and  Buildings 
Division  of  Publications  and  Text-books 
Division  of  Statistics  and  Research 
Division  of  Attendance 
Division  of  Office  Management 
Bureau  of  Elementary  and  Secondary  Education : 

Division  of  Certification 
Division  of  Teacher-Training 
Division  of  jNTegro  Education 
Division  of  Inspections 
Division  of  Illiteracy 

Division  of  Physical  Training  and  Recreation 

Bureau  of  Extension 

Bureau  of  Vocational  Education 

Bureau  of  Registration 

Bureau  of  Libraries 

Bureau  of  History  and  Archives 

Each  Bureau  will  be  under  the  supervision  of  a  Director  appointed 
by  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  with  the  exception  of  the 
Bureau  of  Administration.  The  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction 
will  have  charge  of  this  Bureau,  and  in  addition,  he  will  also  assume 
the  duties  of  the  College  Commission  for  Regulating  Degrees  which 
will  be  abolished.  The  respective  bureau  directors  will  appoint  the 
divisional  heads  and  other  assistants.  It  is  contemplated  that  the  work 
of  the  bureaus  indicated  below,  will  be  organized  according  to  existing 
needs,  and  there  will  be  ample  latitude  in  bureau  and  divisional  ex¬ 
pansion. 

Bureau  of  Administration.  The  Division  of  Plans  and  Buildings  as 
at  present,  will  approve  plans  and  specifications  for  new  school  buildings 
and  additions. 

The  Division  of  Publications  and  Text-books  will  continue  its  present 
duty  of  issuing  bulletins  and  printed  matter  for  the  entire  department. 
In  addition  this  division  will  assume  the  duties  of  the  present  Text¬ 
book  Commission  and  the  State  Committee  on  High  School  Text-books, 
both  of  which  will  be  abolished.  The  duties  of  these  two  agencies  are 
not  continuous,  since  text-books  for  the  most  part  are  selected  only  once  - 
in  four  and  five  years,  respectively.  Advice  and  recommendations  will 
continue  to  be  received  from  special  committees  consisting  of  men  and 
women  appointed  by  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  who  are 
actively  engaged  in  the  profession  of  teaching;  but  the  work  will  be 


63 


unified  and  controlled  in  this  division  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Superintendent.  He  will  have  power  of  final  approval  in  the  selection 
of  text-books,  and  will  also  contract  with  publishers  for  the  publication 
of  all  text-books. 

The  Division  of  Statistics  and  Research  of  the  Bureau  of  Adminis¬ 
tration  will  continue  to  collect  and  compile  statistical  data  from  the 
annual  reports  received  from  schools,  colleges  and  other  institutions.  In 
addition,  this  division  will  act  as  a  planning  and  testing  agency  in  the 
directing  of  educational  experiments ;  and  it  will  devote  considerable 
effort  in  the  development  of  the  science  of  pedagogy.  It  will  work  out 
scholastic  standards,  problems  of  administrative  organization,  methods 
of  reporting  and  similar  activities.  It  will  be  the  duty  of  this  division 
to  advise  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  with  regard  to  the 
expansion  of  the  Department’s  activities  and  offer  suggestions  as  to 
their  place  in  the  organization. 

The  Division  of  Attendance  of  the  Bureau  of  Administration  will 
enforce  the  school  attendance  law  and  have  charge  of  the  school  census. 

The  Division  of  Office  Management  will  have  charge  of  the  office 
management  and  routine  administrative  functions  within  the  depart¬ 
ment.  It  will  keep  personnel  records  of  employees,  handle  the  de¬ 
partment’s  supplies  and  prepare  budget  estimates  of  the  Department. 
In  addition,  this  division  will  review  the  estimates  submitted  by  county 
boards  and  advise  the  Commissioner  in  the  apportionment  of  money 
to  the  several  counties. 

Bureau  of  Elementary  and  Secondary  Education.  The  Division  of 
Certification  will  have  supervision  of  the  certification  of  all  teachers. 
It  will  prepare  questions  and  hold  necessary  examinations  and  will  issue 
credentials.  This  division  will  also  assist  other  bureaus  in  the  locating 
of  suitable  teachers  and  employees;  and  will  act  as  a  clearing  house 
and  registration  agency  in  assisting  institutions,  counties  and  munici¬ 
palities  in  finding  qualified  teachers,  and  will  also  assist  individual 
teachers  in  making  connections. 

The  Division  of  Teacher  Training  of  the  Bureau  of  Administration 
will,  as  at  present,  supervise  the  work  and  policies  of  the  six  normal 
schools  now  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Department.  Similar  super¬ 
vision  over  the  East  Carolina  Teachers’  College  will  be  exercised.  This 
division  will  conduct  necessary  investigations  from  time  to  time,  of  the 
standards  of  these  schools,  and  of  salaries  paid  teachers.  I  here  is  every 
evidence  to  believe  that  at  the  present  time  both  teaching  standards  and 
salaries  are  too  low  to  admit  of  the  best  results.  Such  research  will  be 
an  important  duty  of  this  division. 

The  Division  of  Negro  Education  under  the  director,  will  cooperate 
with  the  Division  of  Teacher  Training  in  working  out  policies  suitable 
to  the  education  and  training  of  negro  teachers.  At  the  present  there 
are  three  negro  normal  and  training  schools  and  one  negro  college  in 


64 


this  State.  In  addition,  he  will  be  in  close  touch  with  negro  principals, 
supervisors  and  teachers  in  the  public  schools,  and  administer  the 
policies  of  the  department  in  such  schools,  and  cooperate  with  them  for 
the  advancement  of  standards  and  methods. 

The  Division  of  Inspections  of  the  Bureau  of  Elementary  and  Second¬ 
ary  Education  will  cooperate  with  the  Department  of  Health  on  the 
sanitation  and  condition  of  all  school  buildings  in  the  State.  Its  chief 
function  will  be  the  inspection  of  all  elementary  and  secondary  schools, 
both  public  and  private  within  the  State.  Such  inspections  made  cur¬ 
rently  will  cover  such  matters  as  standards,  methods,  attendance,  ex¬ 
aminations  and  sanitation.  The  Division  of  Inspections  will  include 
in  the  scope  of  its  activities  the  inspection  of  institutions,  both  public 
and  private,  for  the  blind,  deaf  mutes  and  orphans,  and  likewise  embrace 
State  institutions  of  penal,  reformatory  and  charitable  character  includ¬ 
ing  institutions  for  the  feeble-minded,  epileptics,  insane,  deformed  and 
tuberculous.  In  this  connection  the  division  will  be  charged  with  the 
formulation  of  a  State  policy  in  regard  to  the  teaching  and  vocational 
training  of  State  charges.  As  this  work  progresses  and  the  population 
of  the  State  institutions  increases,  it  is  probable  that  the  above  activi¬ 
ties  should  be  set  up  as  a  separate  bureau. 

The  Division  of  Illiteracy  will  confine  itself  to  the  problem  of  reduc¬ 
ing  adult  illiteracy  as  at  present. 

The  Division  of  Physical  Training  and  Becreation  will  have  charge 
of  the  physical  education  and  training  of  the  boys  and  girls  in  the  public 
schools  of  the  State.  It  will  cooperate  with  the  federal  authorities  in  the 
prosecution  of  this  work,  and  administer  federal  funds  appropriated 
therefor. 

The  Bureau  of  Extension  will  carry  on  the  present  extension  activi¬ 
ties  of  the  Department.  It  will  have  charge  of  continuation  schools, 
conduct  correspondence  courses  and  classes  for  those  who  cannot  avail 
themselves  of  other  educational  opportunities.  Such  -work  will  embrace 
vocational  and  other  subjects  not  covered  by  the  Bureau  of  Vocational 
Education. 

The  Bureau  of  Vocational  Education  will  continue  its  present  func¬ 
tions.  In  order  to  receive  the  benefit  of  federal  appropriations  under 
the  Smith-Hughes  Act  of  1917,  it  is  necessary  that  a  board  be  created  to 
administer  such  funds.  It  is  recommended  that  the  present  State  Board 
for  Vocational  Education  be  abolished  and  that  the  Superintendent  of 
Public  Instruction,  the  Director  of  the  Bureau  of  Elementary  and 
Secondary  Education,  and  the  Director  of  the  Bureau  of  Vocational 
Education  be  named  as  members  of  the  board.  This  will  centralize 
within  the  Department,  the  conduct  of  vocational  education  work,  which 
is  being  considered  by  school  authorities  as  one  of  growing  economic  as 
well  as  educational  importance. 


65 


The  Bureau  of  Registration  will  replace  the  thirteen  State  examining 
boards  which  are  at  present  functioning  as  independent  agencies.  The 
reasons  for  such  a  change  are  several.  In  the  first  place,  the  function 
of  each  board  is  primarily  educational,  and  therefore  properly  belongs 
to  the  Department  of  Education.  In  the  second  place,  centralization 
of  these  functions  means  uniformity  of  standards  and  methods.  In  the 
third  place,  there  will  he  hut  one  control  over  the  handling  of  fees,  both 
as  to  examination  and  renewal;  and  any  surplus  over  and  above  actual 
expenses  of  examiners  will  be  credited  to  the  General  Fund.  This  will 
mean  not  only  reduction  of  expense  in  the  conduct  of  examinations,  but 
it  will  also  result  in  considerable  revenue  to  the  State  now  expended  by 
the  several  hoards.  The  Bureau  will  pass  upon  the  qualifications  of 
applicants  as  set  forth  in  the  law,  but  the  final  review  and  approval  of 
applications,  the  actual  examination  and  grading  of  papers  for  each 
profession  or  quasi-profession  represented  will  he  handled  by  special 
examiners  appointed  by  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  upon 
the  recommendation  of  the  several  State  societies  or  associations.  These 
examiners  will  be  paid  a  per  diem  rate  and  necessary  expenses  as  deter¬ 
mined  by  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction.  The  registers  of 
applicants  and  licensees,  all  correspondence  and  other  records,  will  be 
kept  in  the  Bureau.  It  will  issue  licenses,  both  original  and  renewals, 
and  certificates  in  the  name  of  the  Department.  The  Bureau  will  handle 
the  finances  of  the  present  boards. 

Through  grouping  these  activities  in  one  agency  directed  by  one  indi¬ 
vidual,  it  is  believed  that  higher  standards  may  be  attained  and  more 
efficient  control  exercised  over  the  whole  field  of  professional  examina¬ 
tions.  The  present  boards  acting  as  independent  units  give  little  attention 
to  the  problem  as  such,  for  their  time  is  taken  up  with  the  practice 
of  their  own  professions  except  for  a  few  days  each  year.  Such  matters 
as  reciprocal  relations  with  other  state  hoards,  standards  of  admission 
and  qualifications,  and  the  revocation  or  suspension  of  licenses  in  them¬ 
selves  justify  the  full  time,’  consideration,  and  thought  of  one  capable 
individual.  Unless  qualified  men  are  taken  into  the  profession  and  al¬ 
lowed  to  practice  in  this  State,  and  the  incompetents  are  refused  certifi¬ 
cates  of  permission  to  continue  their  practice,  both  the  public  and  the 
professions  will  suffer.  Under  the  proposed  plan  there  will  be  one 
overhead  and  one  office  instead  of  thirteen  offices  scattered  over  the 
State.  In  view  of  these  facts  it  is  recommended  that  each  of  the  present 
State  examining  boards  functioning  as  such,  he  abolished  and  control 
centered  in  the  Bureau  of  Registration  of  the  Department  of  Education. 

The  Bureau  of  Libraries.  At  the  present  time  the  Department  of  Edu¬ 
cation  has  little  supervision  over  library  work  in  this  State.  As  an  ex- 
officio  member  of  the  State  Library  Board,  the  Superintendent  of  Public 
Instruction  has  nominal  jurisdiction  in  its  management.  He  is  also 
a  member  of  the  committee  on  the  purchase  of  books.  The  State  Board 


a 


66 


of  Education  does  some  work  in  the  field  of  rural  libraries,  but,  in  the 
main  this  work  is  handled  by  the  Library  Commission.  The  purpose  of 
all  libraries  and  library  work  is  primarily  educational,  and  instead  of 
having  several  libraries  and  library  commissions,  functioning  as  inde¬ 
pendent  and  isolated  agencies,  it  is  proposed  that  they  be  grouped  under 
single  control  and  management  where  their  purpose  may  be  realized  to 
the  fullest  degree  and  where  a  uniform  policy  can  be  maintained.  The 
experience  of  other  states  dictates  the  wisdom  of  such  a  course.  It  is 
therefore  recommended  that  the  State  Library,  the  Legislative  Reference 
Library  and  the  Law  Library  be  placed  under  the  management  of  the 
Bureau  of  Libraries  and  the  Department  of  Education. 

The  State  Board  of  Education  will  take  over  the  library  functions  of 
the  present  State  Library  Board,  and  Trustees  of  the  Law  Library,  both 
of  which  will  be  abolished,  and  the  Llistorical  Commission.  Books  for 
the  Law  Library  will  be  purchased  on  the  recommendation  and  order  of 
the  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  in  so  far  as  available  funds  permit. 
The  Library  Commission  will  also  be  abolished  and  its  functions  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Libraries.  Thus,  the  management  of  State 
Libraries,  the  control  of  library  work  in  public  and  private  libraries,  in 
schools  and  in  communities,  and  the  development  of  a  broad  policy  in  the 
field  of  library  work  will  be  under  the  supervision  of  one  agency.  The 
Bureau  will  be  under  the  charge  of  a  trained  librarian  experienced  in 
both  library  and  executive  work.  He  will  also  study  the  question  of 
establishing  library  schools  under  both  State  management  and  as  com¬ 
ponent  parts  of  existing  State  or  private  educational  institutions.  The 
present  staffs  of  the  above  agencies  will  he  retained  in  so  far  as  they  fit 
the  proposed  reorganization. 

The  Bureau  of  History  and  Archives  will  take  over  the  administra¬ 
tive  functions  of  the  Historical  Commission  other  than  those  pertaining 
to  the  Legislative  Reference  Library.  The  Historical  Commission  will 
continue  in  an  advisory  capacity.  The  present  membership  and  term 
will  be  retained  but  future  appointments  will  be  confirmed  by  the  Sen¬ 
ate.  The  appointment  of  the  Director  of  the  Bureau  will  be  approved 
by  the  Commission.  The  collection  and  exhibit  of  original  documents, 
the  dissemination  of  information  concerning  the  early  history  of  North 
Carolina  and  the  stimulation  of  interest  in  historical  research,  the  pre¬ 
servation  and  marking  of  historic  sites  and  the  holding  of  historical  ex¬ 
hibits  are  functions  essentially  educational  in  their  scope  and  purpose. 
It  is  therefore  recommended  that  such  activities  be  transferred  to  and 
developed  under  the  direct  supervision  of  a  single  agency  within  the 
Department  of  Education. 

These  changes  require  only  statutory  revision. 


67 


PRESENT  AND  PROPOSED  ORGANIZATION  OF  STATE 
EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS 

Colleges 

The  head  of  the  educational  system  of  the  State  is  the  University  of 
North  Carolina.  Founded  in  1789,  it  has  grown  to  he  the  largest,  most 
important  and  best  known  of  all  the  educational  institutions  in  the 
State,  embracing  in  its  curriculum  such  activities  as  collegiate,  applied 
science,  teacher  training,  graduate,  extension  work  and  the  professions 
of  law,  medicine  and  pharmacy.  The  University  is  co-educational.  Its 
management  and  corporate  functions  are  vested  in  a  board  of  one  hun¬ 
dred  trustees  elected  by  joint  ballot  of  the  General  Assembly  with  over¬ 
lapping  terms  of  eight  years,  the  Governor,  who  is  chairman  ex  officio , 
and  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  also  an  ex  officio  member. 

Second  in  importance  to  the  University  is  the  State  College  of  Agri¬ 
culture  and  Engineering,  the  management  of  which  reposes  in  a  board 
of  sixteen  trustees  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  advice  of  the 
Senate,  also  with  overlapping  terms  of  eight  years.  The  Governor  is 
President  ex  officio  of  the  Board.  The  Board  is  required  to  meet  annu¬ 
ally  and  not  oftener  than  three  times  a  year,  and  each  member  receives 
five  dollars  per  diem  and  expenses  in  the  performance  of  his  official 
duties.  The  administrative  functions  of  the  Board  are  in  large  part  per¬ 
formed  by  an  executive  committee  consisting  of  five  members  appointed 
by  the  Board. 

The  North  Carolina  College  for  Women  is  the  most  important  women’s 
college  in  the  State.  It  is  governed  by  a  Board  of  Directors  consisting 
of  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  as  ex  officio  president  and 
ten  other  members  appointed  by  the  State  Board  of  Education  with  con¬ 
sent  of  the  Senate,  with  overlapping  terms  of  six  years. 

Plans  are  now  under  way  for  the  consolidation  of  these  three  institu¬ 
tions  under  a  single  management.  Pending  the  completion  of  the  pro¬ 
posed  consolidation,  which  is  indefinite,  it  is  recommended  that  the 
present  boards,  especially  that  of  the  University,  be  reorganized  so  as  to 
provide  a  workable  group.  To  vest  corporate  powers  in  a  group  of  one 
hundred  and  two  individuals  is  obviously  impractical.  This  condition  is 
recognized,  for  the  law  specifically  provides  that  any  ten  members  may 
constitute  a  quorum  competent  to  exercise  full  powers  of  the  Board. 
The  only  explanation  of  a  board  of  such  size  is  that  it  presumably  gives 
the  widest  possible  representation  from  all  sections  and  groups  within 
the  State.  It  is  believed  that  a  board  consisting  of  twenty-two  members 
as  indicated  below,  will  not  only  result  in  ample  representation,  but  at 
the  same  time  prove  workable. 

It  is  proposed  that  the  trustees  of  each  of  the  foregoing  institutions  he 
appointed  by  the  Governor,  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  from  each  of 
the  judicial  districts  of  the  State.  They  will  serve  for  five  years  and 


68 


each  group  of  four  will  have  overlapping  terms.  In  addition,  the  Gover¬ 
nor  and  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  will  represent  the 
State  Board  of  Education,  and  thus  link  these  important  colleges  with 
their  feeder,  namely,  the  public  school  system.  Participation  by  the 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  as  the  head  of  the  Department 
of  Education,  in  the  management  of  the  three  institutions  is  essential 
because  the  relationship  between  the  State  institutions  of  higher  learning 
and  the  public  schools  is  inseparable  and  should  continue.  High  school 
standards  should  coincide  with  the  college  entrance  requirements,  and 
if  the  gap  is  too  wide,  both  groups  will  suffer.  The  Department  of  Edu¬ 
cation  through  their  representatives,  will  bring  before  the  trustees  ques¬ 
tions  of  standards,  requirements  and  related  matters  and  in  this  way 
dispose  of  existing  as  well  as  anticipated  difficulties. 

Under  the  proposed  arrangement,  executive  committees  elected  by 
each  hoard  should  handle  the  immediate  affairs  of  each  institution  and 
report  to  the  Board  as  a  whole  at  its  annual  or  at  special  meetings.  In 
this  way  close  contact  will  be  had  with  each  institution  by  the  respective 
hoards  and  facilitate  the  development  of  uniform  and  constructive  poli¬ 
cies. 

The  Negro  Agricultural  and  Technical  College  is  managed  by  a  hoard 
of  fifteen  trustees,  elected  by  joint  ballot  of  the  General  Assembly  for 
a  term  of  six  years,  each  group  of  five  having  overlapping  terms.  They 
receive  traveling  expenses  only,  and  not  oftener  than  four  times  a  year. 
The  administrative  work  of  the  Board  is  in  the  hands  of  an  executive 
committee  consisting  of  three  trustee  members  elected  by  the  Board. 
The  institution  admits  negro  boys  only,  and  furnishes  instruction  in 
practical  agriculture,  mechanical  arts  and  academic  subjects  relating 
thereto. 

It  is  recommended  that  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  college  be  reorgan¬ 
ized  in  the  manner  just  described,  namely,  that  the  number  of  trustees 
be  increased  from  fifteen  to  twenty,  appointed  by  the  Governor,  with  the 
consent  of  the  Senate,  from  each  of  the  twenty  judicial  districts.  Each 
group  of  four  having  overlapping  terms  of  five  years.  This  will  give 
adequate  representation  from  each  section  of  the  State,  and  at  the  same 
time  keep  the  size  of  the  Board  in  workable  limits.  The  Governor  and 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  representing  the  State  Board  of 
Education,  will  constitute  the  ex  officio  members  of  the  Board. 

Normal  Schools 

The  following  normal  schools  are  maintained  by  the  State: 

East  Carolina  Teachers’  College 

Cullowhee  Normal  and  Industrial  School 

Appalachian  Training  School  for  Teachers 

Cherokee  Indian  Normal  School 

Negro  Normal  School  at  Eayetteville 

Negro  Normal  School  at  Elizabeth  City 

Slater  Industrial  and  State  Normal  School  for  Negroes 


69 


The  management  of  the  East  Carolina  Teachers’  College  is  vested  in 
the  Board  of  Trustees  consisting  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public  In¬ 
struction  as  ex  officio  chairman  and  nine  members  appointed  by  the 
State  Board  of  Education  with  overlapping  terms  of  six  years.  Its  pur¬ 
pose  is  to  give  to  young  white  men  and  women  such  training  as  shall  fit 
them  to  teach  in  the  public  schools  of  North  Carolina. 

The  management  of  the  other  six  normal  schools  is  vested  in  local 
boards  of  trustees  consisting  of  seven  members  appointed  by  the  State 
Board  of  Education  for  overlapping  terms  of  five  years.  In  each  case 
the  trustees  are  selected  from  the  districts  served  by  the  respective 
schools.  The  policy,  standards,  courses  of  study  and  methods  are  super¬ 
vised  by  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction. 

It  is  proposed  that  the  East  Carolina  Teachers’  College  be  placed  un¬ 
der  the  supervision  of  the  Department  of  Education  as  are  the  six  nor¬ 
mal  schools  at  the  present  time.  Each  Board  of  Trustees  will  consist 
of  five  members  appointed  by  the  State  Board  of  Education  from  the 
districts  served  by  the  schools.  Their  term  of  office  shall  be  five  years, 
one  to  expire  each  year,  and  the  State  Board  shall  have  power  to  remove 
any  trustee  and  to  fill  all  vacancies.  The  Superintendent  of  Public  In¬ 
struction  will  not  sit  as  an  ex  officio  member  of  any  of  the  boards,  hut 
he  will  appoint  the  president  or  principal  of  each  of  these  institutions, 
and  may  remove  him  for  cause.  Members  of  the  teaching  staffs  and 
other  employees  shall  be  appointed  and  may  be  removed  by  the  respective 
presidents  or  principals  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  local  hoards. 

It  is  believed  that  the  proposed  arrangment  will  make  for  a  uniformity 
of  policy  and  definite  accomplishment  looking  to  a  substantial  increase 
in  the  number  of  qualified  teachers  for  the  public  schools  in  North  Caro¬ 
lina,  the  raising  of  teaching  standards  and  the  development  of  a  higher 
type  of  citizenship  among  the  coming  generation. 

The  above  changes  in  board  membership  and  tenure  may  be  made 
through  statutory  revision. 


DEPARTMENT  OF  LAW 


Present  Organization  of  the  Attorney-General’s  Offiee  and  the  Commission 

for  the  Revision  of  the  Laws 

The  Attorney-General  is  a  constitutional  officer  elected  by  the  people 
for  a  term  of  four  years.  His  present  salary  is  $4,000  a  year,  and  in 
addition  is  allowed  certain  fees  for  appearance  in  behalf  of  the  State 
at  sessions  of  the  Supreme  Court.  Sec.  8,  Art.  Ill  of  the  Constitution 
provides  that  the  duties  of  the  Attorney-General  “shall  be  prescribed 
by  law.”  As  a  constitutional  officer,  he  is  an  ex  officio  member  of  the 
State  Board  of  Education,  and  by  statute  an  ex  officio  member  of  the 
Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  State  Pension  Board,  Advisory 
Board  of  Parole,  State  Board  of  Equalization,  State  Printing  Commis¬ 
sion  and  Chairman  of  the  Municipal  Board  of  Control.  The  Constitu¬ 
tion  specifies  that  the  Attorney-General  shall  be  the  legal  advisor  of  the 
Executive  Department. 

The  Attorney-General  is  directed  by  law  to  represent  the  State  in  all 
actions,  civil  or  criminal,  in  which  the  State  is  interested  or  is  a  party ; 
to  prosecute  and  defend  all  suits  relating  to  matters  connected  with  the 
offices  of  the  Governor,  Secretary  of  State,  Treasurer,  Auditor,  Corpora¬ 
tion  Commission,  Insurance  Commissioner  and  Superintendent  of  Public 
Instruction,  and  all  institutions  on  request  of  respective  heads ;  to  con¬ 
sult  with  and  advise  solicitors  as  regards  their  duties;  to  render  opinions 
when  required  on  questions  of  law  submitted  by  the  General  Assembly, 
Governor  or  any  other  State  officer;  and  to  compare  the  warrants  of  the 
Auditor  with  laws  under  which  they  purport  to  be  drawn ;  to  advise  and 
aid  the  State  Board  of  Elections  in  the  preparation,  distribution  of  bal¬ 
lots,  poll  books  and  forms  of  election  returns. 

It  is  to  be  noted  that  prosecutions  of  the  health  and  agricultural  laws 
and  regulations  are  handled  at  the  request  of  the  Commissioners  of 
Health  and  Agriculture  by  the  respective  solicitors  of  the  judicial  dis¬ 
tricts  in  which  the  violations  occurred.  The  Corporation  Commission 
is  also  empowered  to  employ  special  counsel  in  prosecuting  or  defending 
suits  relating  to  tariffs,  rates,  and  schedules  of  public  service  corpora¬ 
tions,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Governor;  on  the  other  hand,  the 
Highway  Commission  may  employ  counsel  on  its  own  initiative. 

The  Commission  for  Revision  of  the  Laws  is  composed  of  two  mem¬ 
bers  of  the  Senate  appointed  by  the  President  of  the  Senate,  and  three 
members  of  the  House  appointed  by  the  Speaker  of  the  House.  Its  func¬ 
tions  are  to  compile,  collate,  annotate  and  revise  the  public  statutes  of 
North  Carolina,  to  publish  and  distribute  copies  of  the  same  upon  com¬ 
pletion  and  to  report  to  the  General  Assembly  as  the  occasion  demands. 
In  the  prosecution  of  this  work  the  Commission  is  authorized  to  employ 
necessary  experts  and  assistants  and  to  fix  their  compensations. 


71 


This  Commission  was  created  in  1917  and  continued  by  the  1919 
General  Assembly.  Its  efforts  are  represented  in  the  present  Consoli¬ 
dated  Statutes  which  have  been  enacted  into  law,  representing  coordina¬ 
tion  and  grouping  of  all  existing  laws  up  to  and  including  1919. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Law 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Law  will  be  the  Attorney-General, 
elected  by  the  people  for  a  term  of  four  years.  He  will  continue  as  the 
chief  legal  officer  of  the  State.  It  is  suggested  that  the  practice  of  al¬ 
lowing  the  Attorney-General  fees  be  discontinued,  and  that  he  be  paid 
a  salary  commensurate  with  the  responsibilities  and  dignity  of  the  office. 

In  the  interpretation  of  its  laws  outside  of  the  courts,  and  in  his  rul¬ 
ings  on  legal  questions,  his  authority  is  final,  and  in  such  matters  he 
guides  the  actions  of  the  Governor  and  other  administrative  officers. 

It  is  proposed  that  his  present  functions  as  legal  advisor  and  State 
counsel  be  continued.  In  addition  it  is  recommended  that  he  or  his 
deputies  represent  the  State  in  its  entirety  in  all  actions.  This  contem¬ 
plates  that  actions  brought  by  the  departments  of  Health  and  Agriculture 
and  the  Corporation  Commission  be  handled  through  his  office  instead 
of  through  solicitors  or  independent  counsel.  Only  in  emergency  and 
when  approved  by  the  Governor  shall  any  department  be  allowed  to 
employ  special  counsel.  In  Pennsylvania  the  Attorney-General  handles 
all  of  the  legal  business  and  affairs  of  every  department,  bureau,  board 
or  commission.  In  Hew  Jersey  the  Attorney-General  is  the  sole  legal 
advisor  of  all  State  officials  and  agencies  except  in  emergency  cases.  In 
New  York  City  all  legal  matters  are  handled  by  the  Corporation  Coun¬ 
sel.  In  the  United  States  Government  the  Attorney-General  is  the  chief 
law  officer,  and  all  legal  work  and  appointments  eminate  from  him. 

It  is  further  proposed  that  the  duties  now  performed  by  the  Commis¬ 
sion  for  Revision  of  the  Laws  be  handled  in  the  office  of  the  Attorney- 
General  and  the  Commission  abolished.  Familiarity  with  existing  stat¬ 
utes,  legal  phraseology  and  construction  render  the  office  of  the  Attorney- 
General  the  proper  place  for  the  revision,  collating  and  annotating  of  the 
public  laws.  This  transfer  of  functions  would  also  have  the  advantage 
of  hastening  the  appearance  of  the  consolidated  statutes.  The  latest 
consolidated  statutes  are  now  three  years  old  and  separate  laws  covering 
three  sessions  of  the  General  Assembly  with  their  consequent  conflicting 
contents  must  be  used.  To  be  of  real  value,  the  consolidated  statutes 
should  appear  at  the  earliest  possible  moment  after  adjournment  of  a 
regular  session,  and  if  the  work  of  compilation,  correction  and  revision 
were  kept  up  currently,  as  would  be  the  case  where  a  permanent  staff 
is  employed,  there  is  no  reason  why  they  would  not  be  ready  for  enact¬ 
ment  at  the* following  biennial  session  of  the  General  Assembly. 

Deputies  or  other  legal  assistants  assigned  to  this  work  will  also  be 
charged  with  the  drafting  and  revision  of  all  bills  and  amendments  for 


72 


members  of  the  General  Assembly  and  other  authorized  persons.  This 
work  would  insure  a  uniformity  in  the  drafting  and  amending  of  all 
legislation,  accuracy  as  to  statutory  reference,  a  minimum  of  verbosity 
and  irrelevant  matter  and  a  corresponding  simplification  of  statement. 
Such  practice  would  dispel  doubt  in  the  minds  of  many  legislators  as  to 
the  constitutionality  of  proposed  legislation  and  conflicts  with  existing 
laws.  In  committee  discussion,  a  bill  bearing  the  approval  of  the  bill¬ 
drafting  division  of  the  Law  Department  ipso  facto  renders  the  work  of 
the  committee  members  easier,  and  at  the  same  time  expedites  action  on 
the  bill.  This  system  has  proven  most  effective  in  Hew  York  State.  In 
view  of  the  mass  of  bills  introduced  at  each  session  of  the  General  As¬ 
sembly,  there  is  no  doubt  but  that  such  preliminary  review  and  subse¬ 
quent  revision  would  justify  itself. 

The  foregoing  charges  may  be  effected  through  statutory  enactment. 


DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE 

Present  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  Crop  Pest 
Commission,  Joint  Committee  for  Agricultural  Work, 
and  the  State  Standard  Keeper 

In  tlie  volume  of  capital  invested  and  in  tlie  wealth  of  its  agricultural 
products,  North  Carolina  is  in  the  vanguard  of  all  Southern  States. 
Over  $1,250,000,000,  is  invested  in  agricultural  pursuits  and  the  annual 
gross  returns  are  in  excess  of  $500,000,000.  Of  the  large  variety  of  crops 
produced  in  this  State,  cotton  is  foremost,  representing  30.8%  of  the 
total.  Tobacco  and  corn  are  next  with  26.2%  and  13.8%  respectively; 
vegetables  constitute  6.2%,  hay  and  forage  3.3%;  and  the  percentages 
of  minor  crops  are  inappreciable.  In  livestock,  dairy  products  lead 
with  6.3%,  poultry  3.5%,  pork  products  1.96%  and  beef  products 
0.62%.  Thus  it  will  he  seen  that  emphasis  lias  been  laid  on  the  culti¬ 
vation  of  the  soil  rather  than  in  the  propagation'  and  breeding  of  live¬ 
stock.  This  condition  is  due  largely  to  climatic  and  soil  advantages  sub¬ 
stantially  furthered  through  the  enactment  of  progressive  agricultural 
laws. 

The  Department  of  Agriculture  is  under  the  administration  of  a  Com¬ 
missioner  elected  by  the  people  for  a  term  of  four  years.  The  law  re¬ 
quires  that  he  be  a  practical  farmer.  His  present  compensation  is 
$4,500.  He  is  ex  officio  chairman  of  the  Board  of  Agriculture  and  Joint 
Committee  for  Agricultural  Work  discussed  in  the  following  paragraphs. 
In  addition  to  the  Commissioner,  there  is  an  advisory  agency  known  as 
the  Board  of  Agriculture  consisting  of  ten  members  appointed  for  a 
term  of  six  years  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate.  They 
must  be  practical  farmers  and  meet  not  less  than  twice  each  year,  and 
for  their  services  they  receive  $5.00  per  diem  and  expenses.  Formerly 
the  Board  appointed  the  Commissioner  of  Agriculture.  The  duties  of 
the  Board  are  to  advise  the  Commissioner  with  respect  to  his  statutory 
duties,  to  have  general  supervision  and  control  of  the  finances  of  the 
Department  and  to  regulate  the  salaries  of  all  employees  whose  com¬ 
pensation  is  not  fixed  by  law.  The  Board  is  also  directed  to  administer 
a  State  warehouse  system,  the  purpose  of  which  is  to  stabilize  the  cotton 
market  and  encourage  the  growth  of-  the  cotton  industry. 

As  the  executive  head  of  the  Department,  the  Commissioner  is  charged 
with  the  administration  and  enforcement  of  the  agricultural  laws  of  the 
State  and  the  promotion  of  its  agricultural  interests.  The  law  prescribes 
that  the  Commissioner  shall  perform  his  duties  subject  to  the  advice  and 
consent  of  the  Board.  The  activities  of  the  Department  cover  inspec¬ 
tion,  sampling  and  analysis  of  foods,  feedstuffs  and  fertilizers,  oils  and 
gasolines,  the  examination  and  classification  of  soils,  the  study  of  plants 
and  insect  pests,  the  facilitating  of  marketing  agricultural  produce,  the 
operation  of  State  warehouses  for  the  reception,  classification  and  stor- 


74 


age  of  cotton,  tlie  encouragement  of  animal  husbandry,  dairies  and  poul¬ 
try  farms,  the  inspection  and  testing  of  cattle,  the  preparation  and  sale 
of  cholera  serums  and  other  anti-toxins,  the  operation  of  test  farms, 
the  promotion  of  cooperative  associations,  farm  management  and  the 
maintenance  of  the  State  Museum.  The  Department  is  also  charged 
with  the  inspection  of  ice-cream  plants,  creameries,  cheese  factories  and 
bakeries.  In  the  formulation  and  enforcement  of  rules  and  regulations, 
it  has  been  given  quasi-legislative  powers. 

Under  the  existing  law,  the  Board  of  Agriculture  constitutes  the  Crop 
Pest  Commission,  and  in  this  capacity  it  makes  necessary  regulations 
for  the  eradication  and  prevention  of  dangerous  crop  pests.  The  Com¬ 
mission  regulates  the  transporting  of  plants  liable  to  harbor  such  pests 
to  and  from  the  State.  It  may  also  inspect  premises  suspected  of  being 
infected  and  take  steps  to  abate  the  danger. 

The  Joint  Committee  for  Agricultural  Work  is  composed  of  four 
members  of  the  Board  of  Agriculture  designated  by  them,  four  mem¬ 
bers  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  State  Agricultural  and  Engineering 
College,  the  Governor  as  ex  officio  chairman,  and  the  Commissioner  of 
Agriculture  and  President  of  the  State  College  as  ex  officio  members. 

The  duties  of  the  committee  are  to  have  supervision  and  control  of 
similar  agricultural  work  performed  or  as  may  be  performed  by  the  De¬ 
partment  and  the  College,  or  any  other  work  which  these  two  agencies 
agree  to  put  under  the  Joint  Committee,  the  purpose  being  to  prevent 
duplication  or  overlapping  of  related  work  of  these  two  agencies.  This 
includes  practically  all  of  the  present  agricultural  extension  and  experi¬ 
mental  work.  The  establishment  of  cooperative  associations  and  credit 
unions  is  specifically  mentioned  in  the  law  as  coming  under  the  juris¬ 
diction  of  the  Committee.  This  work,  directed  by  a  Superintendent 
appointed  by  the  Committee,  consists  of  the  promotion  of  cooperative 
associations  and  credit  unions  through  educational  campaigns  and  per¬ 
sonal  assistance. 

The  supervision  of  the  standard  weights  and  measures  of  the  State 
and  the  distribution  of  weights  and  measures  to  the  counties  are  under 
the  jurisdiction  of  the  State  Standard  Keeper,  a  function  formerly 
lodged  with  the  Governor.  The  keeper  of  weights  and  measures  is  ap¬ 
pointed  by  the  Governor  to  serve  at  his  pleasure,  and  his  compensation 
is  $100  a  year. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  will  be  a  Commissioner 
of  Agriculture  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate, 
instead  of  elected  as  at  present,  and  who  will  serve  at  his  pleasure.  The 
Board  of  Agriculture  will  continue  as  a  group  of  ten  individuals  ap¬ 
pointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  representing 
each  of  the  congressional  districts  of  the  State.  Their  term  of  office 


75 


shall  be  five  years  and  two  shall  expire  each  year.  Its  duties  will  be 
advisory  only.  The  actual  administration  of  the  Department  will  be 
under  the  control  of  the  Commissioner  responsible  only  to  the  Governor. 

To  empower  a  comparatively  large  board  residing  in  different  sec¬ 
tions  of  the  State  and  meeting  at  long  intervals  with  administrative 
functions  is  improper  organization.  This  condition  must  inevitably 
result  in  the  assumption  by  the  Board  of  such  administrative  functions, 
and  thereby  restrict  the  authority  and  activities  of  the  proper  head, 
namely,  the  Commissioner.  Sound  principles  of  organization  and  prac¬ 
tical  results  dictate  the  wisdom  of  a  sharp  line  of  demarcation  between 
executive  and  advisory  powers.  In  advising  the  Commissioner  as  to  his 
duties  and  assisting  in  the  formation  of  policies  and  programs,  the 
Board  would  perform  important  services. 

The  Joint  Committee  for  Agricultural  Work  will  he  continued  hut 
its  functions  will  be  solely  advisory.  The  administrative  work  of  the 
Committee  will  he  performed  by  the  Director  of  Extension  and  Experi¬ 
ment  Station,  who  will  be  appointed  by  the  Governor,  with  the  consent 
of  the  Senate,  for  a  term  of  four  years.  Under  the  proposed  organiza¬ 
tion,  the  Governor  will  be  represented  through  his  appointees,  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Agriculture  and  the  Director  of  Extension,  and  he  will  not 
sit  on  this  Committee. 

The  Department  of  Agriculture  will  consist  of  the  following  bureaus : 

Regulatory  and  Departmental,  (Under  Commissioner) 

Bureau  of  Administration 
Veterinary  Bureau 
Bureau  of  Laboratories 
Bureau  of  Inspections 
Bureau  of  Museum 

Extension  and  Experimental,  (Under  Director  of  Extension) 

Bureau  of  Animal  Husbandry 
Bureau  of  Agricultural  Economics 
Bureau  of  Earm  Management 
Bureau  of  Plants  and  Soils 
Bureau  of  Experiment  Farms 
Bureau  of  Publications 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  handle  the  financial  and  other  ac¬ 
counting  records  of  the  Department,  personnel  and  office  management. 
It  will  also  have  charge  of  the  department  lime  plant  and  supervise  the 
control  and  distribution  of  weights  and  measures.  The  position  of  State 
Standard  Keeper  as  such  will  be  abolished. 

The  Veterinary  Bureau  will  continue  its  regulatory  work  in  con¬ 
nection  with  the  control  and  eradication  of  cattle-tick  fever,  bovine 
tuberculosis,  hog  cholera,  and  other  contagious  animal  diseases.  The  co¬ 
operative  work  of  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture  will  continue. 


76 


The  Bureau  of  Laboratories  will  be  composed  of  the  Divisions  of  Fer¬ 
tilizer  and  Feedstuffs,  Food  and  Drugs,  Gas  and  Oil,  and  Seed  Analysis. 
The  functions  of  this  bureau  will  be  scientific  rather  than  administra¬ 
tive,  and  the  State  Chemist  will  be  the  Director.  Samples  of  commodi¬ 
ties  taken  by  inspectors  would  be  analyzed  in  these  laboratories,  but  the 
inspectional  phases  of  this  work  as  such,  the  actual  taking  of  samples 
and  the  prosecution  of  violators  would  be  handled  by  the  Bureau  of  In¬ 
spections  under  the  direction  of  a  Chief  Inspector. 

The  Bureau  of  Museum  will  continue  as  at  present  under  the  direc¬ 
tion  of  a  Curator. 

The  Bureau  of  Animal  Industry  will  continue  as  at  present  organized, 
and  carry  on  its  experiments  and  extension  work  with  regard  to  beef 
and  dairy  cattle,  poultry,  swine  and  sheep. 

The  Bureau  of  Agricultural  Economics  will  consist  of  the  Divisions 
of  Markets,  Warehousing,  Cooperative  Associations  and  Crop  Statistics. 

The  Bureau  of  Farm  Management  will  consist  of  the  Divisions  of 
County  Agents,  Home  Demonstrators,  Farm  Drainage  and  Farm  Engi¬ 
neering. 

The  Bureau  of  Plants  and  Soils  will  be  composed  of  the  present  Di¬ 
visions  of  Agronomy,  Entomology,  Plant  Pathology,  Horticulture  and 
Botany  which  are  now  maintained  as  separate  and  independent  entities. 
Under  the  proposed  transfer  they  would  be  coordinated  and  subject  to 
the  direction  of  one  head,  namely,  the  Director  of  the  Bureau. 

The  Bureau  of  Experiment  Farms  will  continue  as  at  present,  and 
consist  of  the  six  test  farms  located  throughout  the  State. 

The  Bureau  of  Publications  will  have  charge  of  all  publications,  pub¬ 
licity  and  propaganda  work  of  the  entire  department,  including  both 
regulatory  and  extension  work. 

The  above  changes  require  only  statutory  revision. 


STATE  BOARD  OF  HEALTH 

Present  Organization  of  the  State  Board  of  Health  and  the 

Quarantine  Board 

The  State  Board  of  Health  is  composed  of  nine  members  who  derive 
their  appointment  from  two  sources.  Four  members  are  elected  by  the 
Medical  Society  of  North  Carolina  and  five,  one  of  whom  is  required 
to  be  a  sanitary  engineer,  are  appointed  by  the  Governor,  each  for  a  term 
of  six  years.  The  Board  elects  a  President  from  its  membership,  and  an 
executive  committee  consisting  of  the  President  and  two  other  members, 
which  committee  has  such  powers  and  duties  as  may  be  assigned  to  it. 
The  Secretary-Treasurer  is  elected  by  the  Board  from  the  registered 
physicians  of  the  State  for  a  like  term  of  six  years.  He  is  the  executive 
officer  of  the  Board  and  is  known  as  the  State  Health  Officer.  His  salary 
is  $5,000  per  annum,  and  the  Board  members  receive  $4.00  per  diem 
and  expenses.  The  Board  is  required  by  law  to  meet  annually,  but 
special  sessions  and  meetings  of  the  executive  committee  are  called  by 
the  President  through  the  Secretary. 

The  State  Board  of  Health  is  charged  with  the  protection  and  pro¬ 
motion  of  public  health  and  the  enforcement  of  laws  and  regulations  in 
connection  therewith.  Specifically,  its  duties,  which  are  carried  out  by 
the  State  Health  Officer,  are  to  investigate  causes  of  disease,  particularly 
epidemics  dangerous  to  the  public  health,  the  sources  of  mortality  and 
the  effect  of  location,  employment  and  conditions  upon  the  public  health ; 
to  maintain  a  State  Laboratory  of  Hygiene  and  to  prepare,  distribute 
or  administer  anti-toxins  and  vaccines;  to  supervise  the  registration  of 
births  and  deaths;  to  conduct  pre-natal  work  and  child  hygiene  activi¬ 
ties;  to  make  sanitary  investigations;  to  make  monthly  examinations  of 
all  potable  waters;  to  investigate  watersheds,  systems  of  water  supply, 
sewerage,  and  to  approve  plans  for  same;  to  maintain  m  the  State  Sana¬ 
torium  for  Tuberculosis  and  to  conduct  in  connection  with  it  a  Bureau  of 
Extension ;  to  act  as  the  medical  advisors  of  the  State  and  to  adi  lse  the 
Governor  in  regard  to  the  location,  sanitary  construction  and  manage¬ 
ment  of  all  State  institutions  and  to  inspect  same  at  least  once  a  year. 
The  Board  supervises  medical  inspection  in  the  public  schools  and 
directs  county  health  work,  which  is  under  the  control  of  local  county 
boards  of  health.  One  of  its  most  valuable  functions  is  the  education  of 
the  public  in  matters  of  health.  This  is  carried  on  through  publication 
of  bulletins,  exhibits,  lectures,  motion  pictures  and  other  forms  of  pub¬ 
licity.  In  'the  promulgation  and  enforcement  of  necessary  rules  and 
regulations  designed  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  the  law,  the  Board 

is  given  wide  powers.  . 

The  State  Quarantine  Board  directs  the  North  Carolina  station  foi 

Maritime  Quarantine  at  Cape  Fear.  The  Board  consists  of  a  medical 
Quarantine  Officer  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  removable  at  his 


78 


pleasure,  and  two  members  appointed  by  the  President  of  the  State  Board 
of  Health  for  a  term  not  specified.  The  former,  who  must  be  a  “phy¬ 
sician  of  experience,”  receives  a  salary  of  $600,  and  the  latter,  who  are 
required  to  be  resident  physicians  of  Wilmington,  receive  $100  per  annum. 
The  function  of  the  Board  is  to  provide  relief  and  hospital  attention  for 
incoming  passengers  suffering  from  infectious  diseases;  to  disinfect  ves¬ 
sels  and  to  revise  maritime  quarantine  rules  and  regulations.  The  Board 
is  required  to  meet,  annually  on  the  first  Monday  in  May  at  the  call  of 
the  President.  The  medical  quarantine  officer  is  the  executive  member 
of  the  Board  and  prescribes  the  rules  and  regulations  to  which  vessels 
subject  to  quarantine  must  conform.  He  employs  a  crew  of  four  men 
to  man  a  boat  at  those  seasons  when  quarantine  regulations  are  in 
force.  For  each  vessel  visited  and  inspected  he  collects  a  fee  of  from  five 
to  fifteen  dollars,  depending  upon  the  tonnage,  which  must  be  accounted 
for  as  prescribed  by  the  law.  He  also  has  power  to  issue  warrants  to  the 
sheriff  or  other  officer  for  the  arrest  of  any  person  violating  quarantine. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Health 

As  indicated,  two  agencies  appoint  the  members  of  the  State  Board 
of  Health,  namely,  the  North  Carolina  Medical  Society  and  the  Gover¬ 
nor.  The  members  thus  appointed  feel  accountable  to  their  respective 
agencies,  a  condition  which  makes  for  division  of  responsibility  and  pos¬ 
sible  friction.  The  power  of  removal  is  likewise  vested  in  the  appointing 
agencies,  thus  rendering  it  difficult  for  the  Governor  to  make  changes  in 
the  personnel  of  the  Board  appointed  by  the  Medical  Society,  should  such 
action  prove  desirable.  The  most  serious  objection,  however,  is  based 
on  the  fact  that  the  Board’s  executive,  viz.,  the  Secretary  and  also  State 
Health  Officer,  is  an  administrative  officer  over  whom  the  Governor  has 
no  control.  In  other  words,  he  is  the  head  of  a  highly  important  depart¬ 
ment,  responsible  not  to  the  Chief  Executive  of  the  State,  but  to  an  inde¬ 
pendent  board.  Such  an  arrangement  is  not  sound  organization,  for  it 
breaks  the  line  of  executive  authority  and  sets  up  an  agency  practically 
isolated  from  the  other  administrative  departments  of  the  State. 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Health  shall  be  a  Commissioner  of 
Health  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  for 
a  term  of  four  years,  and  wdio  shall  serve  at  his  pleasure.  The  Com¬ 
missioner  shall  not  be  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Health,  but  he 
shall  advise  with  them  continuously  and  consider  their  recommenda¬ 
tions  with  respect  to  the  formation  of  health  policies,  enlargement  of 
activities,  enactment  and  enforcement  of  rules  and  regulations  and  the 
administration  of  this  department.  The  Commissioner  shall  be  a  regis¬ 
tered  physician  who  has  had  not  less  than  five  years  of  successful  prac¬ 
tice,  and  at  least  three  years  of  practical  experience  in  public  health 
work. 


79 


The  State  Board  of  Health  shall  consist  of  five  members,  three  of 
whom  shall  be  registered  physicians,  one  a  practicing  sanitary  engineer, 
and  one  a  \\  oman,  who  shall  he  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  con¬ 
sent  of  the  Senate.  Their  terms  shall  he  five  years,  one  expiring  each 
year.  The  executive  committee  as  such  shall  be  abolished,  and  three 
members  of  the  hoard  shall  constitute  a  quorum.  In  the  administration 
of  the  department  the  duties  of  the  Board  shall  be  advisory  only.  The 
management  of  the  Tuberculosis  Sanatorium  shall  continue  to  be  vested 
with  the  State  Board  of  Health,  and  the  management  of  the  Orthopedic 
Hospital  shall  be  transferred  to  its  jurisdiction.  The  superintendents 
of  the  Tuberculosis  Sanatorium  and  Orthopedic  Hospital  shall  he  ap¬ 
pointed  by  the  Commissioner  of  Health,  but  both  appointment  and 
removal  shall  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  State  Board  of  Health. 

The  Department  will  consist  of  the  following  bureaus: 

Bureau  of  Administration 

Bureau  of  Epidemiology 

Bureau  of  Publicity  and  Education 

Bureau  of  Vital  Statistics 

Bureau  of  County  Health  Work 

Bureau  of  Venereal  Diseases 

Bureau  of  Maternity  and  Infancy 

Bureau  of  Engineering  and  Inspection 

Bureau  of  Medical  Inspection  of  Schools 

State  Laboratory  of  Hygiene 

These  Bureaus,  with  the  exception  of  the  Bureau  of  Publicity  and 
Education,  are  now  functioning.  In  this  Bureau  will  be  centralized  the 
publicity  work  of  the  entire  department  and  through  its  establishment, 
the  educational  efforts  of  the  several  Bureaus  will  he  effectively  coordi- 
nated.  Educational  work  is  largely  preventive,  and  as  such  constitutes 
one  of  the  most  important  phases  of  health  work.  It  should  therefore 
receive  proper  recognition  in  the  program  and  organization  of  the  de¬ 
partment. 

It  is  proposed  that  the  State  Quarantine  Board  as  such  be  abolished 
and  its  functions  be  transferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Epidemiology.  The 
work  of  this  Board  is  primarily  connected  with  communicable  diseases, 
their  discovery,  diagnosis,  treatment  and  suppression.  Such  activity, 
therefore,  logically  should  repose  in  the  Department  of  Health  where  it 
may  be  controlled  by  a  central  agency  created  for  the  sole  purpose  of 
protecting  public  health. 

The  above  changes  require  statutory  revision  only. 


DEPARTMENT  OF  TAXATION  AND  REVENUE 

Present  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Revenue  and  the  State 

Board  of  Equalization 

The  Department  of  Revenue  was  created  by  statute  in  1921  for  the 
primary  purpose  of  administering  the  newly  enacted  income-tax  law 
which  supercedes  a  direct  State  tax  on  real  and  personal  property.  In 
view  of  the  emergency  the  Commissioner  was  made  an  appointive  officer, 
hut  the  lawT  states  that  “the  succeeding  Commissioner  of  Revenue  shall 
be  nominated  and  elected  in  the  year  one  thousand  nine  hundred  and 
twenty-four,  in  the  manner  provided  for  the  nomination  and  election 
of  other  State  officers,  and  quadrennially  thereafter.”  The  present  Com¬ 
missioner  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  by  and  with  the  advice  and 
consent  of  the  Senate.  This  department  took  over  the  powers  and 
duties  of  the  State  Tax  Commission  which  formerly  consisted  of  the 
members  of  the  Corporation  Commission. 

The  duties  of  the  department  summarized  from  the  laws  are  to  direct, 
supervise  and  enforce  collection  of  income  taxes  of  persons,  corpora¬ 
tions  and  unincorporated  businesses ;  to  supervise  the  enforcement  of  the 
Inheritance  Tax  Act;  to  collect  such  other  taxes  as  required  by  law; 
to  keep  necessary  accounting  and  other  records;  to  pay  the  State 
Treasurer  all  moneys  received;  to  appoint  necessary  assistants  and  fix 
their  compensation ;  to  prepare  and  have  introduced  remedial  tax  legis¬ 
lation;  to  make  an  annual  report  to  the  Governor  of  the  Department’s 
activities  and  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly  with  recommenda¬ 
tions  as  to  existing  or  proposed  forms  of  taxation.  These  functions 
are  administered  by  a  chief  deputy  commissioner,  nine  deputy  com¬ 
missioners,  a  chief  clerk  and  other  clerical  assistants  under  the  super¬ 
vision  of  the  Commissioner. 

The  State  Board  of  Equalization  is  composed  of  three  ex  officio  mem¬ 
bers,  namely,  the  Commissioner  of  Revenue,  Chairman  of  the  Corpora¬ 
tion  Commission  and  the  Attorney-General.  The  duties  of  the  Board, 
which  meets  on  the  call  of  the  Commissioner  of  Revenue,  are  to  hear 
and  determine  appeals  from  valuation  of  property  by  assessing  officers 
in  the  several  counties,  and  to  order  county  boards  of  equalization  to 
raise  or  lower  assessments  that  they  may  be  just  and  uniform. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue  will  be  a  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Taxation  and  Revenue  who  shall  he  appointed  by  the 
Governor,  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a  term  of  four  years,  and 
who  shall  serve  at  his  pleasure. 

The  Department  shall  consist  of  the  following  bureaus  which  shall  be 
organized  into  appropriate  divisions  as  conditions  may  warrant : 

Bureau  of  Administration 
Bureau  of  Motor  Vehicles 


81 


The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  be  responsible  for  the  assessment 
and  collection  of  taxes  on  corporations,  incomes,  estates  and  other 
sources  now  supervised  by  the  present  Department  of  Kevenue.  In 
addition,  it  will  take  over  the  tax  collecting  activities  of  the  Treasurer’s 
office,  and  those  functions  of  the  Department  of  Insurance  relating  to 
the  tax  on  gross  premium  receipts  of  insurance  companies  doing  busi¬ 
ness  in  the  State,  the  State  Auditor’s  office  relating  to  the  issuance  of 
franchise  tax  statements,  and  the  State  Board  of  Education  relating  to 
the  assessment  and  collection  of  taxes  on  improved  swamp  lands.  It 
will  also  collect  the  gasoline  road  tax,  and  the  tonnage  tax  on  fertilizers, 
which  functions  will  be  transferred  from  the  Secretary  of  State’s  office 
and  the  Department  of  Agriculture  respectively.  It  will  he  the  central 
State  agency  for  the  collection  of  all  taxes  and  revenues  levied  or 
charged  by  statute,  and  funds  thus  received  will  be  turned  over  currently 
to  the  Department  of  the  Treasury  as  required  by  law. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  also  administer  the  functions  now 
lodged  with  the  State  Board  of  Equalization  in  the  adjustment  of  assess¬ 
ment  valuations  initially  imposed  by  the  county  boards  of  assessors,  and 
the  Board,  as  such,  will  be  abolished.  The  Commissioner  will  have  the 
final  decision  in  the  settlement  of  valuations. 

The  Bureau  of  Automobile  Licenses  will  be  transferred  from  the 
Secretary  of  State’s  office  to  the  proposed  Bureau  of  Motor  Vehicles. 
The  collection  of  taxes  on  automobiles  and  gasoline  constitutes  its  chief 
function,  which  properly  belongs  in  the  Department  of  Taxation  and 
Revenue.  The  Secretary  of  State  should  not  be  responsible  for  the 
collection  of  taxes.  His  responsibilities  relate  to  a  different  field  of 
administrative  affairs. 

The  above  changes  require  statutory  revision  only. 


6 


DEPARTMENT  OF  NATURAL  RESOURCES 

Present  Organization  of  the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey,  the 
Fisheries  Commission  Board,  and  the  Audubon  Society 

Tlie  principal  agency  in  the  State  today  for  the  conservation  of 
natural  resources  is  perhaps  the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey, 
although  the  Fisheries  Commission  Board  and  the  Audubon  Society 
are  each  performing  highly  important  functions  in  the  conservation  of 
fish  and  game. 

The  Geological  and  Economic  Survey  is  conducted  by  a  State  Geolo¬ 
gist,  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  removable  at  his  pleasure,  but  he 
is  under  the  supervision  of  a  Geological  Board.  This  Board  consists  of 
four  members  appointed  by  the  Governor  by  and  with  consent  of  the 
Senate,  for  a  term  of  four  years,  each  group  of  two  having  overlapping 
terms.  The  salary  of  the  State  Geologist  is  fixed  by  the  Board,  and  the 
latter  receives  $4.00  per  diem,  not  exceeding  eight  days  annually,  and 
necessary  traveling  expenses.  They  are  required  by  law  to  meet  not 
less  than  twice  a  year.  The  objects  of  the  Survey  as  at  present  stipulated, 
consist  of  the  examination  of  mineral,  forestry,  fishery  and  other  natural 
resources  of  the  State,  geological  formations,  road  building  materials, 
streams  and  water  powers  with  special  reference  to  the  development  and 
preservation  of  sources  through  protection  of  forests,  the  examination 
and  classification  of  soils,  forests,  the  investigation  of  the  location  and 
development  of  mineral  properties,  the  supervision  of  drainage  districts, 
and  the  cooperation  with  town  and  county  authorities  in  the  building 
and  improvement  of  public  roads. 

Under  a  law  passed  in  1921,  the  Board  is  directed  to  cooperate  with  the 
Federal  Power  Commission  and  the  Corporation  Commission  regarding 
water-power  developments  and  the  location  of  sites.  In  the  same  year 
the  General  Assembly  passed  a  law  abolishing  the  Mount  Mitchell  Park 
Commission  and  transferring  its  function,  i.e.,  the  preservation  and  de¬ 
velopment  of  the  State  parks  to  the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey. 
An  important  function  of  the  Survey  is  the  prevention  and  control  of 
forest  fires  administered  through  a  State  Forester  appointed  by  the 
Board.  He  in  turn  appoints  the.  local  forest  wardens  and  supervises 
their  duties.  The  Board  submits  biennial  reports  to  the  General  As¬ 
sembly,  showing  the  progress  and  expenditures  of  the  Survey,  and  from 
time  to  time  issues  special  reports  and  bulletins  for  public  distribution. 

To  summarize,  the  functions  of  the  Board  are  to  survey  and  report 
the  natural  resources  of  the  State,  to  develop,  protect  and  conserve 
water  powers,  forests,  fisheries,  minerals,  soils,  and  public  roads,  and  to 
cooperate  with  Federal,  State  and  local  agencies  in  their  promotion. 

The  Fisheries  Commission  Board  represents  a  consolidation  of  a 
former  Sliell-fisli  Commission,  Oyster  Commission  and  Fish  Commis¬ 
sioner.  The  Board  is  composed  of  five  members,  appointed  by  the 
Governor  for  a  period  of  four  years,  with  overlapping  terms.  Three 


83 


members  must  reside  in  the  fishing  districts  of  the  State,  and  must  possess 
a  knowledge  of  the  industry.  One  is  required  to  be  a  member  of  the 
minority  party.  The  Chairman  receives  three  hundred  dollars  a  year 
and  expenses,  and  the  other  members  five  dollars  per  diem  and  expenses. 

The  duties  of  the  Board  are  to  regulate  and  control  the  fishing  industry 
in  this  State,  and  to  enforce  the  laws  relating  to  fish  and  fisheries. 

The  administrative  work  of  the  Board  is  carried  on  by  a  Bish  Com¬ 
missioner  appointed  by  and  responsible  to  the  Board.  With  its  consent 
he  appoints  two  assistant  commissioners  and  other  employees  and  pre¬ 
scribes  their  duties.  He  is  required  to  make  the  necessary  rules  and 
regulations,  to  investigate  violations  and  to  prosecute  offenders;  to  col¬ 
lect  statistics  of  the  fishing  industry,  to  investigate  and  study  the  habits 
of  fish  and  shell-fish,  to  issue  commercial  fishing  licenses,  to  lease  bot¬ 
toms  for  oysters  or  clam  cultivation,  and  to  collect  fees  or  payments  for 
same.  Twice  each  year  he  makes  reports  to  the  Board  of  the  activities 
of  the  Department,  and  the  Board  submits  a  biennial  report  to  the  Gen¬ 
eral  Assembly,  showing  the  operations,  collections  and  expenditures. 
From  time  to  time  it  issues  special  bulletins  on  various  phases  of  the 
fishing  industry. 

The  Audubon  Society  of  North  Carolina  is  charged  with  the  enforce¬ 
ment  of  laws  relating  to  the  preservation  of  birds  and  game  within  speci¬ 
fied  counties.  Bird  and  game  wardens  for  counties  within  its  juris¬ 
diction  are  appointed  by  the  Governor  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
Society,  but  their  duties  and  compensation  are  fixed  by  the  Society. 

The  North  Carolina  branch  of  the  Audubon  Society  was  created  as  a 
corporation  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature  in  1903,  and  it  elects  its  own 
officers  and  trustees.  While  it  receives  an  appropriation  from  the  State 
and  is  allowed  to  retain  fees  received  in  issuance  of  licenses  to  nonresi¬ 
dent  hunters,  it  is  not,  strictly  speaking,  a  State  agency  m  so  far  as  its 
organization  is  concerned.  It  does,  however,  perform  State  functions 
in  enforcing  the  bird  and  game  law  in  those  counties  designated  by  law. 
Its  primary  function  and  the  object  of  the  National  Society,  of  which 
the  local  society  is  affiliated,  is  educational.  In  promoting  the  study 
of  birds  in  the  schools,  and  in  creating  sentiment  against  the  wanton 
destruction  of  wild  birds  and  their  eggs,  it  performs  a  most  important 
and  commendable  duty;  but  the  Audubon  Society  is  primarily  an 
educational  rather  than  administrative  agency.  I  he  fact  that  of  the 
one  hundred  counties  in  the  State  only  thirty-two  are  under  its  juris¬ 
diction,  indicates  the  need  of  establishing  a  central  agency  directly  under 
State  control  for  the  uniform  and  complete  enforcement  of  the  bird 
and  same  laws.  The  tendency  of  the  General  Assembly  is  to  remove  the 
several  counties  from  tie  control  of  the  Society  and  place  enforcement 
of  the  bird  and  game  laws  under  county  control.  In  191 1  a  bill  was  in¬ 
troduced^  the  chairman  of  the  Senate  committee  on  game,  which  pro¬ 
vided  for  the  creation  of  a  State  game  commission  to  take  over  the  ad- 


SI 


ministrative  functions  of  the  Society.  This  hill,  through  the  offering  of 
amendments,  aimed  at  the  exemption  of  certain  counties  from  its  pro¬ 
visions,  was  finally  tabled  and  failed  of  passage. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Natural  Resources 

It  is  proposed  that  there  he  a  single  agency  created  in  which  will  be 
grouped  and  coordinated  those  functions  pertaining  to  the  protection, 
development  and  conservation  of  the  natural  resources  of  the  State  now 
controlled  in  part  by  three  independent  agencies.  To  this  end,  there  will 
be  established  a  Department  of  Natural  Resources. 

The  head  of  the  Department  will  be  a  Commissioner  of  Natural  Re¬ 
sources  appointed  by  the  Governor,  by  and  with  consent  of  the  Senate, 
for  a  term  of  four  years,  and  who  will  serve  at  his  pleasure. 

A  Commission  on  Natural  Resources  consisting  of  five  members  shall 
be  appointed  in  like  manner,  but  with  overlapping  terms  of  five  years. 
It  will  act  as  an  advisory  hoard  to  the  Commissioner  in  the  performance 
of  his  duties,  and  formation  of  policy.  The  Commission  will  he  em¬ 
powered  to  receive  gifts  of  land  and  funds  for  the  expansion  of  the  de¬ 
partment’s  activities  and  the  preservation  and  development  of  State 
parks.  In  the  initial  formation  of  the  Commission,  the  present  Fish¬ 
eries  Commission  Board,  the  State  Geological  Board  and  the  Audubon 
Society  of  North  Carolina  will  each  be  represented  by  one  member.  In 
the  making  of  subsequent  appointments  the  conservation  elements  and 
groups  within  the  State  should  be  considered. 

The  Department  will  be  organized  with  the  following  bureaus : 

Bureau  of  Fish  and  Game 
Bureau  of  Parks  and  Forests 
Bureau  of  Water  Power 
Bureau  of  Administration 

With  the  exception  of  the  last  named,  each  bureau  will  be  under  the 
supervision  of  a  Director  appointed  by  the  Commissioner.  He  will 
supervise  the  Bureau  of  Administration.  Should  the  duties  and  scope  of 
work  warrant,  it  is  contemplated  that  each  bureau  will  be  further  or¬ 
ganized  into  divisions.  The  Bureau  of  Fish  and  Game  will  assume  the 
enforcement  of  the  bird  and  game  laws  now  under  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  Audubon  Society,  and  in  those  counties  where  there  is  local  super¬ 
vision.  Thus,  single  State  control  will  replace  the  divided  authority 
now  exercised  by  sixty-eight  counties  and  one  independent  agency.  The 
functions  of  the  Fisheries  Commission  Board  will  be  transferred  to  this 
Bureau,  and  the  present  board  abolished.  This  Bureau  will  also  relieve 
the  Department  of  Agriculture  of  those  responsibilities  relating  to  the 
propagation  and  cultivation  of  fish  in  the  inland  waters  and  similar 
functions  now  lodged  with  the  Geological  Board. 


85 


The  Bureau  of  Parks  and  Forests  will  have  under  its  jurisdiction  the 
prevention  and  control  of  forest  fires,  the  protection  of  forest  pre¬ 
serves  and  natural  parks  and  the  publication  of  data  and  other  informa¬ 
tion  relating  to  forest-fire  prevention,  the  classification  of  timber  and 
timber  lands,  the  conservation  of  forests  and  the  development  of  a  State 
Park  Plan.  This  Bureau  will  assume  the  functions  of  the  Geological 
and  Economic  Survey  coming  within  the  scope  of  the  above,  and  those 
of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  relating  to  timber  and  timber  lands 
of  the  State.  The  examination  and  classification  of  soils  at  present  con¬ 
ducted  by  the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey  will  he  transferred  to  the 
Department  of  Agriculture,  which  can  handle  this  work  more  effectively 
through  its  laboratories  and  test  farms. 

The  Bureau  of  Water  Power  will  be  charged  with  all  activities  relat¬ 
ing  to  the  development  of  the  natural  water-power  resources  of  the  State, 
involving  the  locating  of  sites,  preliminary  surveys  of  potential  power, 
collection  of  data  and  related  matters.  Expansion  of  industrial  activi¬ 
ties  in  this  State  will  increase  the  demand  for  further  development  of 
its  potential  hydro-electric  power.  North  Carolina  ranks  second  of  all 
the  states  in  its  water  powers,  developed  and  undeveloped.  At  the  pres¬ 
ent  time,  approximately  three  hundred  and  sixty  thousand  horsepower 
has  been  developed.  It  has  been  estimated  that  there  is  approximately 
one  million  horsepower  undeveloped  in  the  streams  and  falls  of  this 
State,  and  at  least  two  million  with  storage.  In  the  gathering  of  infor¬ 
mation  for  the  proposed  Department  of  Public  Utilities  (now  the 
Corporation  Commission),  which  has  control  over  power  companies 
doing  business  in  this  State,  and  in  the  formation  of  a  State  policy 
looking  to  the  development  of  this  wealth  of  natural  resources  under 
proper  State  supervision,  there  is  a  genuine  need  for  an  administrative 
agency  whose  sole  purpose  is  to  handle  such  matters. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  be  directly  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Commissioner.  It  will  have  charge  of  the  compilation  of  the 
Department’s  reports,  personnel  records,  budget  and  finances,  and  office 
management.  The  study  of  strata  and  geological  formations,  now  con¬ 
stituting  an  important  phase  of  the  work  of  the  Survey,  and  the  prepa¬ 
ration  of  topographical  and  other  maps  in  conjunction  w  ith  the  Fed¬ 
eral  geological  and  geodetic  surveys,  will  be  transfened  to  this  Buieau. 

The  above  recommendations  may  be  carried  out  through  statutory 

changes. 


86 


DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR  AND  INDUSTRY 

Present  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Labor  and  Printing  and  Board 
of  Commissioners  of  Navigation  and  Pilotage 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Labor  and  Printing  is  known  as  the 
Commissioner  of  Labor  and  Printing,  who  is  elected  for  a  term  of  four 
years  and  who  receives  a  salary  of  $4,500.  He  is  also  an  ex  officio  mem¬ 
ber  of  the  Printing  Commission. 

The  duties  of  the  Commissioner  of  Labor  and  Printing  fall  in  four 
classes:  (1)  The  collecting,  collating  and  publishing  of  statistics  re¬ 
lating  to  industrial  conditions  within  the  State;  (2)  mine  inspection; 
(3)  employment  service;  and  (4)  supervision  of  public  printing.  The 
latter  work  is  under  the  direct  charge  of  an  assistant  Commissioner 
appointed  by  the  Commissioner. 

The  volume  of  statistics  is  published  semiannually  and  has  a  wide 
distribution  both  in  the  State  and  elsewhere.  The  purpose  of  this  book 
is  to  give  a  detailed  exposition  of  the  commercial,  agricultural  and 
industrial  conditions  in  the  State,  classified  according  to  industry,  and 
giving  for  each  company  or  corporation  listed  such  facts  as  location, 
capacity  and  output,  raw  materials,  capital  invested,  hours  of  labor, 
wages  and  labor  conditions  generally  in  each  class  of  industry.  It  is 
of  especial  importance  to  prospective  manufacturers  and  employers. 

The  Commissioner  is  designated  by  law  as  the  State  Mine  Inspector 
in  which  capacity  he  is  required  to  examine  all  the  mines  in  the  State 
with  particular  reference  to  works  and  machinery,  ventilation,  drain¬ 
age  and  general  security.  He  also  makes  investigations  of  mine  acci¬ 
dents.  In  the  prosecution  of  offenders  he  is  authorized  to  employ 
counsel. 

In  cooperation  with  the  Federal  authorities,  the  Department  conducts 
a  free  employment  service  with  offices  in  various  parts  of  the  State.  It 
also  extends  vocational  guidance  to  minors  seeking  employment  and 
cooperates  with  the  Federal,  State,  municipal  and  other  agencies  in 
employment,  rehabilitation  and  Americanization  problems. 

All  State  printing  is  handled  in  this  Department  in  conjunction  with 
the  Printing  Commission,  whose  duties  are  described  elsewhere.  An 
interesting  development  in  this  connection  is  the  purchase  by  the 
State  of  all  paper  used  in  its  printing;  thus,  in  making  bids,  the 
public  printer  estimates  only  on  composition,  press  work  and  binding. 
Through  the  purchase  in  car  lots  of  paper  of  standard  sizes,  weights  and 
quality,  the  State  saves  approximately  $37,500  a  year.  It  is  an  illumi¬ 
nating  example  of  what  central  purchasing  may  really  accomplish,  and 
is  a  forceful  argument  for  the  extension  of  this  practice. 

The  Board  of  Commissioners  of  Navigation  and  Pilotage  is  com¬ 
posed  of  five  members  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  four 
years.  Four  members  must  be  residents  of  New  Hanover  County  and 
none  may  be  licensed  pilots. 


ST 


Their  duties  are  to  make  and  enforce  rules  regulating  pilotage  service 
and  the  navigation  of  waters  from  seven  miles  above  Negro  Head  Point, 
downwards  and  out  of  the  bar  and  inlets  adjacent  to  the  port  of 
Wilmington. 

The  Board  annually  appoints  a  harbor  master  for  the  port  of  Wil¬ 
mington,  whose  principal  duty  is  to  keep  the  channel  way  clear  and  to 
berth  vessels  at  appropriate  docks.  A  primary  function  of  the  Board 
is  the  examination  and  licensing  of  applicants  who  desire  to  become 
licensed  pilots,  to  supervise  the  pilots’  organization,  the  widows’  and 
orphans’  fund,  and  to  exercise  jurisdiction  over  disputes  as  to  pilotage 
and  between  pilots. 


Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Labor  and  Industry 

Owing  to  absence  of  labor  laws  relating  to  such  matters  as  workmen’s 
compensation,  State  insurance  fund,  arbitration  and  settlement  of  labor 
disputes,  and  factory  inspection,  the  present  Department  of  Labor  and 
Printing  has  comparatively  little  contact  with  or  control  over  labor 
conditions  and  problems  in  this  State.  This  is  due,  first,  to  the  fact 
that  North  Carolina  is  primarily  an  agricultural  State,  and  manufac¬ 
turing  has  not  progressed  to  the  same  extent  as  agriculture;  second, 
to  the  failure  of  the  General  Assembly  to  enact  progressive  labor 
laws.  The  influx  of  capital,  the  development  of  natural  resources 
and  the  home  manufacture,  rather  than  the  exporting  of  native  raw 
products,  promise  a  marked  increase  in  manufacturing  lines  in  this 
State.  If  the  State  is  to  keep  abreast  its  industries  and  properly  pro¬ 
tect  both  labor  and  capital,  and  if  strikes,  lock-outs  and  labor  troubles 
are  to  be  avoided  in  the  future,  necessary  regulatory  laws  must  be 
passed  and  the  Department  organized  on  a  plane  adequate  to  meet  the 
new  requirements. 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Labor  and  Industry  will  be  a  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Labor  and  Industry  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the 
consent  of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of  four  years,  instead  of  elected,  as  at 
present,  and  who  shall  serve  at  his  pleasure.  The  control  of  State 
printing  will  be  transferred  to  the  Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies 
of  the  Department  of  Administration. 

An  Industrial  Council  will  be  created  to  advise  the  Commissioner 
in  his  duties  and  assist  in  the  formation  of  policy.  This  Council  will 
consist  of  five  members,  one  of  whom  shall  be  a  woman,  a  manufactuiei, 
a  physician,  a  lawyer  and  a  representative  of  organized  labor.  They 
shall  be  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  for  a 
term  of  five  years,  one  to  expire  each  year.  They  shall  elect  their  own 
chairman  and  three  members  shall  constitute  a  quorum.  In  addition  to 
its  advisory  duties,  the  Council  will  study  labor  problems  in  various 
centers  throughout  the  State  and  conditions  elsewhere,  and  suggest 
remedial  and  constructive  legislation  to  the  General  Assembly.  It  will 


88 


also  establish  in  important  industries,  sub-councils  of  employers  and 
employees  for  the  discussion  of  common  problems  and  promotion  of  a 
healthful  relationship  between  the  two  groups.  The  Council  will 
appoint  a  panel  of  fifty  prominent  citizens  representing  various  groups, 
elements  and  classes.  From  this  panel  will  be  drawn  a  board  of  arbi¬ 
tration  and  conciliation  on  specific  labor  disputes  who  would  agree 
to  act  as  arbiters  when  called.  They  shall  serve  at  the  pleasure  of  the 
Council.  A  new  board  will  be  drawn  for  each  dispute,  thus  bringing  to 
the  arbitration  table  a  fresh  point  of  view  and  open  minds,  and  their 
efforts  should  bring  about  a  conciliation  which  would  best  serve  and 
protect  the  interests  of  the  employer,  employee  and  public  alike.  It  is 
believed  that  this  method  will  go  far  in  effecting  a  just  and  friendly 
settlement  of  labor  troubles. 

It  is  proposed  that  the  Department  in  its  initial  reorganization  will 
consist  of  the  following  bureaus : 

Bureau  of  Administration  and  Statistics 
Bureau  of  Inspection 
Bureau  of  Employment 

The  Commissioner  will  have  charge  of  the  Bureau  of  Administration 
and  will  appoint  Directors  of  the  other  two  bureaus  as  required. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  perform  the  secretarial  duties  of 
the  Department,  research  and  statistical  activities,  and  those  functions 
relating  to  office  management,  budget  and  department  personnel.  This 
Bureau  will  compile  the  volume  of  statistical  data  and  publish  the  same 
annually,  as  formerly.  Figures  showing  capital  invested,  quantity  and 
costs  of  raw  materials,  output  and  value  of  commodities,  lose  their 
significance  if  they  are  not  published  at  least  once  a  year.  A  lapse 
of  two  years  renders  current  data  inaccurate  and  comparatively  value¬ 
less.  In  the  preparation  of  this  volume  it  is  suggested  that  a  recapitu¬ 
lation  be  used  for  each  group  or  industry  considered,  and  that  summary 
tables  be  more  generously  employed. 

The  Bureau  of  Employment  will  continue  to  cooperate  with  the  Fed¬ 
eral  Government  in  conducting  a  free  employment  service,  and  will  also 
work  in  conjunction  with  the  Department  of  Education  in  vocational 
education  of  children  of  school  age. 

The  function  of  the  Board  of  Commissioners  of  Navigation  and 
Pilotage  will  be  transferred  to  the  proposed  Department  of  Labor  and 
Industry,  and  placed  in  the  Bureau  of  Administration  and  Statistics. 
The  settlement  of  pilots’  disputes  and  the  administering  of  their  widows’ 
and  orphans’  funds  are  within  the  proper  field  of  the  Department’s 
jurisdiction.  It  is  recommended  that  the  appointment  of  a  harbor 
master  be  transferred  to  the  Federal  authorities. 

As  progressive  labor  measures  are  enacted,  as  for  example,  a  work¬ 
men’s  compensation  act,  a  State  insurance  fund  or  minimum  wage 


89 


act,  it  is  contemplated  that  corresponding  bureaus  would  be  added  to  the 
foregoing  bureau  organization  of  the  Department.  Such  laws  are  in 
the  offing ;  a  workmen’s  compensation  act  received  serious  consideration 
at  the  last  session  of  the  General  Assembly  and  current  discussion  of 
the  other  subjects  is  prevalent. 

The  above  changes  may  be  made  through  statutory  enactment. 


90 


DEPARTMENT  OF  PUBLIC  UTILITIES 

Present  Organization  of  the  Corporation  Commission 

The  Corporation  Commission  is  composed  of  three  Commissioners, 
two  of  whom  constitute  a  quorum,  elected  for  a  period  of  six  years 
with  overlapping  terms.  The  salary  of  each  Commissioner  is  $4,500. 
The  only  qualification  stated  in  the  laws  are  the  requirements  that  the 
Commissioners  must  not  own  any  stocks  or  bonds  of,  or  be  interested  in 
any  public  service  corporation.  The  Chairman  of  the  Commission  is 
ex  officio  a  member  of  the  Municipal  Board  of  Control  and  the  State 
Board  of  Equalization. 

The  duties  of  the  Commission  are  to  make  and  enforce  suitable  rules, 
orders  and  regulations  for  the  safety,  comfort  and  convenience  of  pas¬ 
sengers,  shippers  or  patrons  of  any  public-service  corporation  doing 
business  in  the  State  of  North  Carolina;  to  fix,  regulate  and  revise  rates, 
charges  and  tariffs;  to  make  inspections  of  equipment  and  facilities  and 
to  require  the  repair  or  installation  and  maintenance  of  improved 
devices  or  methods;  to  investigate  from  time  to  time  corporations  under 
its  control,  to  see  that  its  rules  are  being  enforced ;  to  sit  as  a  court  of 
record  and  hear  and  determine  controversies  submitted ;  to  employ,  with 
the  consent  of  the  Governor,  expert  assistance  in  the  examination  and 
preparation  of  all  cases  heard  by  the  Commission  for  the  purpose  of 
regulating  rates  for  intrastate  service. 

The  Commission  is  also  charged  with  the  supervision  and  examination 
of  public  and  private  banks,  loan  and  trust  companies,  and  to  employ 
bank  examiners  and  necessary  assistants  in  the  prosecution  of  this  work. 
As  State  Banking  Commissioners,  each  member  of  the  Commission 
receives  an  additional  compensation  of  $500  a  year. 

The  Commission  appoints  all  employees.  Among  them  is  one  known 
as  Clerk  of  the  Corporation  Commission  who  is  required  to  he  an  expert 
accountant,  experienced  in  railroad  statistics  and  transportation  rates. 
His  term  is  two  years,  and  his  duties  are  largely  administrative. 

The  Corporation  Commission  has  under  its  jurisdiction  the  following- 
classes  of  Corporations:  (1)  common  carriers,  including  railroads,  street 
railroads,  steamboat,  canal,  express,  and  sleeping-car  companies;  (2)  tele¬ 
graph  and  telephone  companies;  (3)  private  electric-light  power,  water 
and  gas  companies;  (4)  wTater  power,  hydro-electric  and  water  com¬ 
panies;  (5)  flume  companies  wdiich  avail  themselves  of  the  power  of 
eminent  domain;  (6)  private  sewerage  companies;  (7)  public  and 
private  hanks,  loan  and  trust  companies  and  corporations. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Public  Utilities 

Sitting  as  a  court  of  record  having  quasi- judicial  and  quasi-legislative 
powers,  the  Corporation  Commission  should  be  men  of  broad  business 
training,  judicial  temperament,  and  keen  intellect.  Dealing  Avitli  prob- 


01 


lems  which  affect  the  welfare  and  convenience  of  every  citizen  of  this 
State  in  every  walk  of  life,  the  men  who  regulate  the  service  and  rates 
of  public  utilities  should,  as  far  as  possible,  be  removed  from  the  sphere 
of  unhealthy  influence  and  politics.  In  order  that  the  best  elements  may 
be  represented,  and  that  the  members  of  the  Commission  he  independent 
of  party  machine  and  capitalistic  control,  the  following  recommenda¬ 
tions  are  made : 

.  There  shall  be  a  department  known  as  the  Department  of  Public 
Utilities  at  the  head  of  which  will  be  a  commission  of  three  members 
appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of 
six  years,  one  to  expire  every  two  years.  They  shall  elect  their  own 
chairman,  and  two  members  shall  constitute  a  quorum.  One  shall  be  a 
technical  and  rate  specialist,  one  a  lawyer  and  the  third  shall  represent 
the  public. 

The  duties  of  the  Commissioner  will  continue  as  now  constituted  in  so 
far  as  they  relate  to  the  control  and  regulation  of  public-service  corpora¬ 
tions.  Bank  examination  and  supervision  will  be  transferred  to  the 
proposed  Department  of  Banking  and  Insurance.  The  Chairman  will 
not  have  ex  officio  connection  with  any  other  State  agency,  and  he  and 
the  other  members  of  the  Commission  will  devote  their  entire  time  to 
the  regulation  of  the  public  utilities  coming  under  their  jurisdiction. 
With  the  development  of  hydro-electric  power  companies,  the  expansion 
of  municipal  street-car  lines  and  suburban  traction  companies,  the  ex¬ 
tension  of  telephone  and  telegraph  companies,  as  expressed  through  the 
natural  increase  in  population,  the  Commission  will  find  the  demands 
made  upon  it  .increasingly  heavy,  and  they  should  be  required  by  law 
to  give  their  full  time  to  these  complex  problems  of  service,  facilities, 
equipment  and  rates  and  to  none  other. 

The  above  changes  may  he  effected  through  statutory  enactment. 


92 


DEPARTMENT  OF  HIGHWAYS  AND  PUBLIC  WORKS 

Present  Organization  of  the  State  Highway  Commission 

Aside  from  highway  construction  and  maintenance,  the  State  is  doing 
little  in  the  way  of  public  works  development,  and  in  recent  years  there 
have  been  but  few  important  engineering  undertakings  under  State 
management.  The  State  is  no  longer  building  railroads.  In  the  con¬ 
struction  and  maintenance  of  highways,  however,  North  Carolina  has 
always  been  active,  both  in  actual  construction  and  in  assisting  coun¬ 
ties  and  municipalities  in  local  work.  Realizing  the  need  for  a  uniform 
and  comprehensive  system  of  highways,  the  State,  for  the  first  time  in 
its  history,  has  embarked  upon  an  ambitious  program  of  highway  con¬ 
struction.  Under  a  law  passed  in  1921,  a  bond  issue  of  $50,000,000  was 
authorized  by  the  General  Assembly,  and  the  plans  call  for  the  develop¬ 
ment  of  a  system  of  highways  throughout  the  entire  State  ultimately  to 
total  some  fifty-five  hundred  miles.  In  order  to  meet  the  demands  to 
be  made  upon  the  Department  and  to  insure  an  equitable  apportionment 
of  both  roads  and  funds,  the  old  Highway  Commission  was  reorganized. 
Formerly  the  Commission  was  composed  of  three  members  appointed 
by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  for  a  period  of  six  years 
with  overlapping  terms.  Each  member  represented  the  eastern,  central 
and  western  sections  of  the  State  respectively. 

Under  the  present  arrangement  the  Commission  consists  of  ten  mem¬ 
bers  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  confirmed  by  the  Senate.  The  head 
of  the  Commission,  who  must  he  “a  practical  business  man”  appointed 
from  the  State  at  large,  is  known  as  the  State  Highway  Commissioner, 
and  is  required  to  give  his  entire  time  to  the  duties  of  this  office.  His 
salary  is  $5,500.  In  addition  to  the  Chairman  there  are  nine  Commis¬ 
sioners  appointed  in  similar  manner  for  the  same  term,  each  from  pre¬ 
scribed  sections  of  the  State  known  as  construction  districts.  Three  of 
these  Commissioners  must  he  members  of  the  minority  party,  and  in 
consideration  of  their  services  receive  $10.00  per  diem  and  expenses. 

The  duties  of  the  Commission  are  to  supervise  and  control  the  con¬ 
struction  and  maintenance  of  the  State  Highway  System,  and  to  meet 
the  requirements  of  Federal-aid  acts  relating  to  the  construction  and 
maintenance  of  rural  post  roads.  The  location  of  the  roads  comprising 
the  proposed  system  is  decided  by  the  Commission,  and  it  is  empowered 
to  take  over  and  control  existing  county  or  township  roads  where  de¬ 
sired.  The  Commission  may  assume  full  responsibility  for  the  main¬ 
tenance  of  all  roads  forming  a  part  of  the  system  except  the  roads 
which  are  maintained  by  the  counties  having  contract  with  the  Com¬ 
mission  and  streets  in  towns  and  cities.  It  may  regulate  street  openings 
and  excavations  on  State-owned  roads  and  has  power  of  condemnation 
proceedings  for  rights  of  way  and  for  purposes  of  obtaining  road  ma- 
teiial  such  as  lime,  sand,  gravel  and  timber.  Ihe  law  also  authorizes 


93 


the  Commission  to  regulate  the  use  of  the  State  highways  and  to  police 
traffic  thereon ;  to  establish  a  traffic  census  to  secure  information  concern¬ 
ing  the  cost,  value,  importance,  use  and  necessity  of  roads  forming  a 
part  of  the  highway  system  as  a  basis  for  its  construction;  to  adopt  a 
standard  design  and  uniformly  mark  all  roads  comprised  in  the  system. 
The  Commission  is  required  to  keep  a  full  record  of  its  proceedings  and 
detailed  accounts  of  its  finances,  and  of  each  road  project  showing  ex¬ 
penditures,  liabilities,  records,  of  contract  and  force  account  work.  The 
apportionment  to  the  nine  districts  of  the  receipts  of  the  $50,000,000 
bond  issue  and  other  revenue,  such  as  the  automobile  license  tax,  gasoline 
road  tax  and  other  sources  as  prescribed  by  law,  constitutes  an  extremely 
important  function  of  the  Commission.  The  present  statute  vests  the 
State  Highway  Commissioner  with  all  the  authority  of  the  Commission 
when  it  is  not  in  session;  the  technical  supervisory  work  is  performed 
under  the  direction  of  the  State  Highway  Engineer  appointed  by  the 
Commission. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Highways  and  Public  Works 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Highways  and  Public  Works  shall 
be  a  Commissioner  of  Highways  and  Public  Works,  now  known  as  the 
State  Highway  Commissioner.  He  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Governor, 
with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a  term  of  four  years.  The  Commis¬ 
sioner  shall  be  vested  with  the  powers  of  the  State  Highway  Commis¬ 
sion,  and  he  shall  at  all  times  have  complete  and  final  jurisdiction  over 
the  activities  of  the  Department.  The  State  Highway  Commission 
shall  continue  in  its  present  form  except  that  the  Commissioner  shall 
not  be  a  member. 

The  duties  of  the  Commission  shall  be  advisory  only  and  their  action 
recommendatory.  They  shall  meet  on  call  of  the  Commissioner  or  at 
such  times  as  a  majority  may  decide,  and  they  shall  advise  wnth  him 
relative  to  the  location,  construction,  improvement  and  maintenance  of 
the  State  Highways. 

The  Department  shall  be  organized  with  the  following  bureaus : 

Bureau  of  Highways 
Bureau  of  Engineering- 
Bureau  of  Architecture 
Bureau  of  Administration 

The  Bureau  of  Highways  will  continue  its  present  functions,  and 
will  have  the  responsibility  for  and  supervision  of  the  construction  and 
maintenance  of  the  State  Highway  System.  It  will  also  take  over  the 
highway  functions  now  exercised  by  the  Geological  and  Economic  Sui- 
vey.  The  Bureau  will  be  under  the  charge  of  the  State  Highway  Engi¬ 
neer  appointed  by  the  Commissioner  and  who  shall  serve  at  his  pleasure. 

The  Bureau  of  Engineering  will  assume  all  engineering  projects 
undertaken  by  the  State.  The  reclamation  of  State  swamp  lands  now 


94 


under  the  supervision  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  will  be  trans¬ 
ferred  to  this  Bureau.  It  will  handle  all  public  works  improvements 
and  will  include  projects  of  an  engineering  character  involving  the 
conservation  and  development  of  water  power  under  State  management, 
the  protection  of  inland  waters  from  pollution,  the  supervision  of  drain¬ 
age  districts  organized  under  the  North  Carolina  Drainage  Law,  a 
function  now  performed  by  the  Geological  and  Economic  Survey,  and 
the  outlining  of  a  State  drainage  system.  These  and  similar  problems 
must  be  faced  by  the  State  within  the  near  future,  and  proper  provision 
should  be  made. 

The  Bureau  of  Architecture  will  be  under  the  charge  of  a  director 
appointed  by  the  Commissioner,  who  shall  serve  at  his  pleasure.  The 
Bureau  will  prepare  the  plans  and  specifications  of  and  award  contracts 
for  the  construction  or  permanent  improvement  of  all  State-owned 
buildings  and  institutions. 

Such  functions  were  formerly  discharged  by  a  Building  Commission 
and  a  State  Architect  appointed  by  it.  This  Commission  and  the  office 
of  the  State  Architect  were  abolished  by  the  1921  General  Assembly,  and 
all  building  construction  is  now  handled  by  the  respective  department 
heads  and  institutional  boards.  Chapter  165  of  the  Public  Laws  of  1921 
provides  for  a  bond  issue  of  $6,745,000,  “for  the  purpose  of  permanently 
enlarging  the  State’s  educational  and  charitable  institutions.”  The 
necessity  for  the  economical  use  of  such  funds  alone  justifies  central 
control  of  all  construction  work  rather  than  leaving  it  to  the  so-called 
building  committees  composed  of  members  of  the  several  boards  of 
trustees.  Such  central  control  and  supervision  permits  of  the  letting  of 
single  contracts  for  each  class  of  construction  work,  such  as  excavation, 
masonry,  plumbing,  and  heating  plants  for  all  the  institutions.  Under 
the  present  system  separate  contracts  are  let,  or  will  be  let  by  the  several 
building  committees  for  the  same  classes  of  work  in  the  respective  insti¬ 
tutions.  Savings  cannot  be  made  to  the  same  extent  as  in  group  con¬ 
tracts  let  by  one  agency. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  be  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Commissioner  and  will  continue  the  present  function  of  regulating  high¬ 
way  traffic  and  policing,  and  the  taking  of  the  highway  census.  This 
Bureau  will  also  have  charge  of  the  accounting  of  the  Department  and 
the  letting  of  highway  construction  contracts.  It  will  further  super¬ 
vise  personnel  records,  pay-rolls  and  departmental  routine. 

The  foregoing  changes  may  be  effected  through  statutory  enactment. 


95 


DEPARTMENT  OF  BANKING  AND  INSURANCE 

Present  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Insurance 

The  supervision  of  banks,  trust,  and  insurance  companies  involves 
regulation  of  the  use  of  the  public’s  money  entrusted  to  the  several 
companies  for  purposes  of  security,  investment  or  protection.  It  is  a 
problem  common  to  each  class  of  institution,  hut  at  the  present  time 
this  function  is  scattered.  The  Corporation  Commission  supervises 
banks  and  trust  companies  and  the  Department  of  Insurance  supervises 
insurance  companies. 

The  head  of  the  Insurance  Department,  called  the  Commissioner  of 
Insurance,  is  an  elective  officer  whose  term  is  four  years.  His  salary  is 
$4,500.  The  duties  of  the  Department  are  to  direct  the  administration 
and  enforcement  of  the  insurance  laws;  to  supervise  the  admission  and 
regulation  of  all  insurance  companies,  building  and  loan  associations, 
Morris  Plan  companies,  and  fraternal  orders  doing  or  proposing  to  do 
business  in  this  State.  At  the  present  time  some  six  hundred  companies 
handling  all  forms  of  insurance  and  one  hundred  and  fifty  building  and 
loan  associations  are  under  the  supervision  of  the  Department  of  Insur¬ 
ance.  The  Insurance  Commissioner  collects  the  corporation  tax  from 
these  insurance  companies  on  the  basis  of  gross  premium  receipts,  issues 
licenses  to  companies,  their  agents  and  brokers,  and  collects  fees  for  the 
same.  In  addition,  he  receives  and  files  fire  insurance  rates  and  passes 
on  complaints  of  discrimination;  enforces  the  “Blue-Sky”  law,  acts  as 
State  Fire  Marshal,  and  administers  other  provisions  of  the  insurance 
laws  of  the  State. 

The  Corporation  Commission,  whose  primary  function  is  the  regu¬ 
lation  of  public-service  corporations,  is  charged  under  existing  laws 
with  the  supervision  and  examination  of  all  public  and  private  banks, 
loan  and  trust  companies  and  similar  corporations  doing  business  in 
the  State.  The  Commission  executes  and  enforces  such  regulatory  laws 
through  the  Chief  State  Bank  Examiner,  the  State  Bank  Examiners  and 
other  agents  appointed  by  it. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Banking  and  Insurance 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Banking  and  Insurance  shall  be  a 
Commissioner  of  Banking  and  Insurance  appointed  by  the  Governor, 
instead  of  being  elected  as  at  present,  for  a  term  of  foui  yeais,  and  who 
shall  serve  at  his  pleasure.  He  shall  continue  to  have  charge  and  juris¬ 
diction  of  the  functions  administered  by  the  present  Commissioner  of 
Insurance,  except  those  relating  to  the  assessment  and  collection  of  taxes 
on  insurance  companies.  These  will  be  transferred  to  the  proposed 
Department  of  Taxation  and  Revenue.  The  regulation  of  banks,  with 
attendant  inspection  and  examination,  will  be  transferred  from  the  Cor¬ 
poration  Commission  to  the  Department  of  Banking  and  Insurance. 


96 


Tlie  Department  will  be  organized  with  three  bureaus,  as  follows : 

Bureau  of  Bank  Examination 
Bureau  of  Insurance 
Bureau  of  Administration 

The  functions  of  the  two  bureaus  first  named  will  include  those 
indicated  in  the  preceding  paragraphs.  These  bureaus  will  be  organized 
into  appropriate  divisions  should  the  volume  of  work  so  warrant. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  have  charge  of  the  office  man¬ 
agement,  the  Department’s  budget  and  finances,  personnel,  reports  and 
other  departmental  routine. 

The  proposed  changes  will  require  statutory  revision  only. 


97 


DEPARTMENT  OF  MILITARY  AFFAIRS 

Present  Organization  of  the  Adjutant  General’s  Department 

Section  8,  Article  III  of  the  Constitution,  provides  that  “the  Gov¬ 
ernor  shall  be  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Militia  of  the  State  except 
when  they  shall  be  called  into  the  service  of  the  United  States.”  The 
State  militia  is  divided  into  the  National  Guard,  Naval  Militia  and 
Unorganized  Militia,  and,  as  Commander-in-Chief,  the  Governor  is 
empowered  to  call  out  the  militia  to  execute  the  law,  suppress  riots  or 
insurrections,  and  to  repel  invasions.  He  also  prescribes  regulations 
governing  the  organization  of  the  National  Guard  and  Naval  Militia 
in  conformity  with  the  Federal  statutes. 

The  military  staff  is  divided  into  (1)  personal  staff  of  the  Governor, 
consisting  of  ten  National  Guard  officers  and  two  Naval  Militia  officers 
as  aides-de-camp,  and  (2)  the  administrative  staff  as  may  be  prescribed 
and  authorized  by  the  Secretary  of  War  for  the  National  Guard  and 
the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  for  the  Naval  Militia. 

The  head  of  the  Adjutant  General’s  Department  is  the  Adjutant 
General  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  four  years  at  a  salary 
of  $4,500.  The  law  prescribes  that  the  Adjutant  General  must  have 
had  a  minimum  of  five  vears  of  commissioned  service  in  the  National 
Guard,  aval  Militia,  Regular  Army,  United  States’  Navy  or  Marine 
Corps.  As  head  of  the  Department,  he  is  subordinate  only  to  the 
Governor  in  matters  pertaining  thereto.  His  duties  as  prescribed  by 
law  are  to  organize,  direct  and  control  the  militia  of  this  State,  to  pre¬ 
serve  the  peace  and  to  protect  life  and  property  in  emergency  through 
the  use  of  the  National  Guard,  Naval  Militia  and  unorganized  Militia, 
and  otherwise  execute  the  military  laws  and  regulations  of  the  United 
States,  the  State  of  North  Carolina  and  Commander-in-Chief.  He  is 
also  required  to  make  returns  of  property  and  expenditures,  and  to  keep 
the  necessary  personnel  records. 

The  Governor  appoints  two  property  and  disbursing  officers,  who 
receipt  and  account  for  all  funds  and  property  belonging  to  State  and 
Federal  governments  respectively.  Both  of  these  officers  are  paid  by 
the  State  and  their  salaries  are  fixed  by  the  Governor. 

The  Soldier  Settlement  Board,  created  in  1919,  by  legislative  enact¬ 
ment,  consists  of  three  members  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  term 
of  six  years,  and  who  serve  without  compensation.  The  Attorney- 
General  is  designated  as  legal  advisor. 

The  primary  duty  of  this  Board  is  the  rehabilitation  of  the  ex- 
service  man,  and  to  provide  useful  employment  and  rural  homes,  To 
this  end  the  Board  is  directed  to  cooperate  with  Federal,  State  and  other 
agencies  engaged  in  work  of  similar  character.  I  he  Boaid  is  em 
powered  to  contract  with  the  United  States  in  pursuance  to  acts  of 

—7 


9S 


Congress  for  soldier  settlement.  Under  Sec.  7509,  Consolidated  Statutes, 
it  may  undertake,  in  cooperation  with  the  United  States,  projects  in¬ 
volving  the  reclamation  of  the  lands  within  this  State  by  drainage, 
irrigation  and  removal  of  trees  and  stumps,  the  building  of  levees,  sea 
walls,  necessary  roads,  land  leveling,  fertilization,  sanitation,  or  in¬ 
volving  such  other  means  as  may  be  found  practicable  and  desirable  to 
make  the  land  suitable  for  agricultural  purposes  and  rural  homes.” 

i 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Military  Affairs 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Military  Affairs  shall  be  the  Adjutant 
General  who  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Governor,  with  the  consent  of 
the  Senate  for  a  term  of  four  years,  and  who  shall  serve  at  his  pleasure. 

The  present  functions  of  the  Adjutant  General’s  Department  will 
be  continued  as  precribed  by  law.  Question  is  raised,  however,  as  to 
the  advisability  of  the  appointment  of  the  two  property  and  disbursing 
officers.  The  expense  now  entailed  by  the  State  for  the  salaries  of 
these  two  officers  could  be  eliminated  through  the  consolidation  and 
performance  of  their  functions  in  the  office  of  the  Adjutant  General 
proper.  In  peace-time  their  work  is  largely  nominal,  particularly  that 
of  the  property  and  disbursing  officer  for  the  United  States,  since  most 
of  its  property  has  been  returned  to  the  Federal  Government.  The 
duties  of  these  incumbents  require  only  part  time,  but  each  receives 
a  salary  of  $1,000.  Any  question  as  to  the  impropriety  of  the  Adjutant 
General  passing  on  his  own  expenditures  could  be  disposed  of  through 
their  audit  by  the  State  Auditor. 

It  is  also  proposed  that  the  functions  of  the  Soldier  Settlement  Board, 
which  are  largely  temporary,  be  transferred  to  the  Department  of 
Military  Affairs  as  the  agency  closest  in  touch  with  the  ex-soldier  and 
liis  problem. 

It  is  proposed  that  the  Department  be  organized  with  three  bureaus 
as  follows : 


Bureau  of  Administration 

Bureau  of  Personnel 

Bureau  of  Maintenance  and  Supplies 

The  Adjutant  General  shall  be  in  charge  of  the  Bureau  of  Adminis¬ 
tration  and  he  shall  appoint,  if  conditions  warrant,  directors  of  the 
two  other  bureaus. 

The  Bureau  of  Administration  will  supervise  Department  planning, 
policy  and  program;  and,  in  addition,  will  handle  the  finances  of  the 
Department. 

The  Bureau  of  Personnel  will  discharge  the  functions  now  imposed 
upon  the  Soldier  Settlement  Board,  which  will  be  abolished,  compile 
and  control  the  personnel  records  of  members  of  the  militia  and  ex- 
service  men. 


99 


The  Bureau  of  Maintenance  and  Supplies  will  supervise  the  receipt 
and  issue  of  all  Federal  and  State  military  property.  The  duties  now 
performed  by  the  two  property  and  disbursing  officers  will  he  trans¬ 
ferred  to  the  proper  bureaus  and  these  positions  abolished. 

The  above  changes  may  be  effected  through  statutory  enactment. 


100 


DEPARTMENT  OF  WELFARE 

Present  Organization  of  the  State  Board  of  Charities,  Child  Welfare 
Commission,  and  Welfare  Institutions 

The  State  Board  of  Charities  is  a  constitutional  agency.  Section  7, 
Article  XI,  provides  that  at  its  first  session  after  the  adoption  of  the 
present  Constitution  (1868)  the  General  Assembly  shall  “appoint  and 
define  the  duties  of  a  Board  of  Public  Charities,  to  whom  shall  be 
entrusted  the  supervision  of  all  charitable  and  penal  State  institutions, 
and  who  shall  annually  report  to  the  Governor  upon  their  condition, 
with  suggestions  for  their  improvement.”  While  the  present  Board 
does  not  actually  supervise  any  State  institution,  it  is  given  under  the 
Constitution  and  through  subsequent  statutory  legislation,  powers  which 
are  broader  than  advisory.  It  may  enforce,  if  necessary,  certain  classes 
of  recommendations  based  upon  its  investigations. 

The  present  Board  is  designated  in  the  statutes  as  the  State  Board  of 
Charities  and  Public  Welfare.  It  is  composed  of  seven  members,  one 
of  whom  must  he  a  woman,  elected  by  the  General  Assembly  on  the 
recommendation  of  the  Governor  for  an  overlapping  term  of  six  years. 
The  members  serve  without  compensation,  but  receive  their  necessary 
expenses. 

Under  the  existing  statutes  the  Board  is  charged  with  the  investiga¬ 
tion  and  supervision  “through  and  hv  its  own  members,  or  its  agents  or 
employees,  the  whole  system  of  the  charitable  and  penal  institutions  of 
the  State,  and  to  recommend  such  changes  and  additional  provisions  as 
it  may  deem  needful  for  their  economical  and  efficient  administration.” 
The  Board’s  inspectional  powers  embrace  not  only  State  institutions,  but 
also  private  orphanages,  institutions,  maternity  homes  and  persons  or 
organizations  receiving  children,  county  jails,  prisons,  county  homes 
and  other  institutions  of  a  penal  or  charitable  nature.  The  Board  is 
directed  to  study  and  promote  the  welfare  of  the  dependent  and  delin¬ 
quent  child,  and  to  provide  either  directly  or  through  a  bureau  for 
the  placing  and  supervision  of  such  children.  It  is  further  required  to 
study  social  problems  such  as  non-employment,  poverty,  vagrancy,  hous¬ 
ing  conditions,  crime,  care  and  treatment  of  prisoners,  divorce  and 
wife  desertion,  public  amusement,  social  evil  and  kindred  subjects,  with 
particular  reference  to  their  causes,  treatment  and  prevention.  Causes 
of  insanity,  idiocy  and  other  forms  of  mental  and  physical  defect  also 
come  within  the  purview  of  the  Board.  It  also  has  complete  juris¬ 
diction  in  approving  plans  and  specifications  of  new  jails  and  alms¬ 
houses;  and  it  approves  all  applications  for  the  establishment  of  pri¬ 
vate,  town  and  county  hospitals  for  the  insane  and  other  mental 
defectives.  Such  institutions  must  be  licensed  by  it,  and  are  subject  at 
all  times  to  visitation.  The  Board  also  passes  upon  the  qualifications 
of  county  superintendents  of  public  welfare.  From  time  to  time  it 


101 


issues  bulletins  on  social  conditions  and  proper  treatment  and  remedies 
for  social  evils,  and  recommends  to  the  General  Assembly  social  legis¬ 
lation  and  the  creation  of  necessary  institutions. 

Reports  of  its  proceedings  and  a  statement  of  the  condition  of  all 
State  institutions  subject  to  its  powers  of  visitation  and  inspection,  and 
of  other  matters  affecting  public  welfare,  are  submitted  to  the  General 
Assembly  biennially. 

The  administrative  duties  of  the  Board  are  conducted  by  a  Commis¬ 
sioner  of  Public  Welfare  appointed  by  it  and  who  serves  at  its  pleasure. 

The  Child  Welfare  Commission  is  an  ex  officio  body  composed  of 
the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  the  Commissioner  of  Public 
Welfare  and  the  State  Health  Officer.  The  administrative  work  of  the 
Commission  is  directed  by  an  executive  officer  appointed  by  the  Commis¬ 
sion,  and  who  serves  at  its  pleasure. 

The  duties  of  the  Commission  are  to  administer  the  Child  Labor  Law 
relating  to  the  employment  of  children  under  fourteen,  the  issuance  of 
working  papers,  and  similar  matters.  In  the  enforcement  of  the  law, 
the  Commission  is  authorized  to  appoint  agents,  who  under  its  super¬ 
vision,  inspect  factories,  mills,  mercantile  and  other  establishments 
specifically  mentioned  in  the  law.  These  agents  are  authorized  to  enter 
and  inspect  any  of  the  foregoing  establishments  to  determine  if  the 
requirements  of  the  law  with  particular  reference  to  minimum  age,  night 
work,  seats  for  women  employees,  and  separate  toilets  for  sexes  and 
races  are  being  observed. 

The  Advisory  Board  of  Parole  is  also  an  ex  officio  body  composed  of 
the  Attorney-General  as  Chairman,  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  State  Prison,  and  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  State 
Charities. 

The  duties  of  this  Board  are  to  promulgate  rules  for  keeping  a  record 
of  the  conduct  and  demeanor  of  State  and  county  prisoners ;  to  formu¬ 
late  rules  governing  the  application  for  pardon  or  parole  of  county 
prisoners;  to  consider  monthly  cases  of  State  prisoners  who  have  served 
their  minimum  sentence,  and  to  determine  what  prisoners  are  suitable 
subjects  for  parole  under  a  conditional  pardon;  and  to  report  their 
findings  in  favorable  cases  to  the  Governor  in  order  that  he  may  intelli¬ 
gently  administer  his  powers  of  pardon,  parole  and  commutation. 

State  Institutions  for  the  Defective,  Delinquent,  and  Dependent 


Mental  Hygiene  Institutions 

At  the  present  time  the  State  is  maintaining  three  hospitals  for  the 
insane,  a  training  school  for  the  feeble-minded,  and  a  Hospital  for  the 
Dangerous  Insane  which  is  operated  in  conjunction  with  the  State 
Prison.  Prior  to  1921  the  three  hospitals  and  the  Caswell  Training 
School  were  under  the  jurisdiction  and  management  of  a  single  board. 
Under  Chapter  183  of  the  Public  Laws  of  1921,  a  separate  and  inde- 


102 


pendent  Board  of  Directors  was  created  for  each  of  these  institutions. 
Each  Board  consists  of  nine  directors  appointed  by  the  Governor  by 
and  with  consent  of  the  Senate,  for  a  period  of  six  years.  Each  group 
of  three  has  overlapping  terms,  and  no  two  shall  be  residents  of  the 
same  county. 

The  powers,  duties  and  responsibilities  of  the  boards  are  alike.  There 
is  a  distinction,  however,  in  the  classes  of  patients  and  districts  served. 
Central  Hospital  at  Kaleigh  receives  and  cares  for  the  white  insane 
patients  and  inebriates  within  a  prescribed  area.  In  addition,  how¬ 
ever,  it  receives  insane  and  inebriate  Indians  and  epileptics  from  the 
entire  State.  Western  Hospital  at  Morganton  receives  only  white  insane 
patients  from  a  specified  district,  and  Eastern  Hospital  at  Goldsboro 
is  a  separate  institution  for  the  colored  insane.  Caswell  Training  School 
at  Kinston  admits  and  treats  mental  defectives  of  the  entire  State. 

The  Board  of  each  of  these  institutions  is  directed  to  provide  for 
the  accommodation,  maintenance,  care  and  treatment  of  patients  com¬ 
mitted.  The  Superintendent  is  appointed  by  the  Board,  and  he  ap¬ 
points  the  assisting  physicians,  matron,  steward  and  all  other  employees. 
He  has  exclusive  direction  and  control  over  such  employees,  the  internal 
administration  of  the  hospital  and  all  professional  activities. 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  the  disbursements  of  appropriations  for 
maintenance,  purchase  of  supplies,  enlargements  and  permanent  re¬ 
pairs.  A  building  committee  appointed  by  the  Board  from  its  members 
has  charge  of  all  construction  work  and  improvements. 

Formerly,  the  State  Building  Commission  handled  the  construction 
of  all  institutions,  and  a  Cooperative  Purchasing  Committee  composed  of 
representatives  of  certain  institutions,  centrally  purchased  the  supplies 
for  practically  all  of  the  State  institutions.  Both  of  these  agencies 
were  abolished  in  1921. 


Correctional  Institutions 

The  State  Prison  and  the  Hospital  for  the  Dangerous  Insane  are 
under  control  of  a  Board  of  five  Directors  appointed  by  the  Governor  for 
a  term  of  four  years  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate.  The  members 
receive  four  dollars  per  diem  and  allowance  of  five  cents  per  mile  for 
traveling  expenses,  but  the  chairman  may  be  allowed  a  salary  in  lieu  of 
the  per  diem  rate. 

The  duties  of  the  Board  are  to  direct  and  manage  the  affairs  of  the 
State  Prison  and  Hospital  for  the  Dangerous  Insane,  and  to  provide 
for  the  accommodation,  maintenance,  training,  discipline,  classification, 
care  and  employment  of  persons  legally  committed  to  either  of  these 
institutions.  The  Board  appoints  all  officers,  including  the  Superin¬ 
tendent  and  employees,  fixes  their  compensation  and  prescribes  their 
duties.  It  adopts  and  enforces  such  rules  and  regulations  for  the  govern¬ 
ment  of  the  institutions,  its  agents  and  employees,  and  the  inmates 


103 


confined  therein  as  it  may  deem  desirable.  The  Board  is  also  empowered 
under  the  law  to  “farm  out”  inmates  of  the  State  Prison  to  other  Stale 
departments,  county  and  municipal  authorities,  and  to  maintain  a 
State  farm  on  which  inmates  may  be  quartered  and  worked.  It  also 
has  charge  of  all  construction  work,  enlargements  and  permanent  im¬ 
provements,  and  the  purchase  of  necessary  supplies,  equipment  and 
materials. 

The  Chairman  of  the  Board  is  designated  by  the  Governor,  and  the 
Board  may  confer  such  authority  and  impose  such  duties  upon  him 
in  reference  to  the  management  of  the  two  institutions  as  it  may  see  fit. 
The  prison  and  hospital,  State  farm  and  camps,  are  subject  to  the 
inspection  and  visitation  of  the  State  Board  of  Health  and  the  State 
Board  of  Charities.  The  Board  makes  a  full  report  of  the  financial  and 
physical  condition  of  the  State  Prison  annually,  and  at  such  other  times 
as  the  Governor  may  require. 

Educational  Institutions 

(State  charges  only.) 

The  following  institutions  for  the  care,  treatment  and  education  of 
juvenile  delinquents  and  defectives  are  under  State  management : 

Stonewall  Jackson  Training  and  Industrial  School  (Concord). 

State  Home  and  Industrial  School  for  Girls  and  Women  (Samar- 
cand) . 

State  Training  School  for  Negro  Boys.  (Not  yet  established). 

State  School  for  the  Blind  and  Deaf  (Raleigh). 

North  Carolina  School  for  White  Deaf  (Morganton). 

The  primary  purpose  of  each  of  the  above  institutions  is  educational. 
Detention  and  correction  are  incidental.  To  place  the  stigma  of  penal 
servitude  upon  juvenile  delinquents  and  to  emphasize  the  “reform” 
aspects  greatly  handicaps  the  State  in  its  endeavor  to  develop  self- 
respecting  and  self-supporting  citizens  of  those  boys  and  girls  com¬ 
mitted  to  the  so-called  “reformatories.”  The  cure  is  not  enforced  segre¬ 
gation  in  itself,  but  in  proper  methods  of  teaching  and  moial  training. 

This  the  State  is  beginning  to  realize. 

The  Stonewall  Jackson  Manual  Training  and  Industrial  School  was 
established  under  the  law  as  “a  school  for  the  training  and  moral  and 
industrial  development  of  the  criminally  delinquent  children  of  the 
State,  under  sixteen  years.”  The  management  of  the  institution  is  in 
the  hands  of  a  Board  of  fifteen  Trustees  appointed  by  the  Governor  for 
overlapping  terms  of  six  years.  The  Board  employs  a  Superintendent 
and  other  assistants,  prescribing  their  duties  and  fixing  their  com¬ 
pensation.  It  conducts  such  agricultural,  horticultural  and  industrial 
work  as  it  may  deem  expedient,  and  it  formulates  the  rules  and  regu¬ 
lations  necessary  to  the  proper  government  oi  the  school. 


104 


The  Superintendent  is  the  administrative  head  of  the  school  and 
has  charge  of  its  several  activities  and  of  the  discipline  of  the  inmates. 

The  Governor  is  required  to  visit  the  school  at  least  once  a  year,  and 
he  is  empowered  to  transfer  prisoners  under  sixteen  from  county  jails  to 
the  school  and  vice  versa. 

The  State  Home  and  Industrial  School  for  Girls  and  Women  was 
established  in  1917  as  a  detention  home  and  industrial  school  for  im¬ 
moral,  inebriate  and  wayward  girls  and  women  under  21,  and  to  pro¬ 
vide  for  their  safe  keeping,  employment  and  rehabilitation.  The  control 
of  the  school  is  vested  in  a  Board  of  Managers  consisting  of  five  members 
appointed  by  the  Governor  for  an  overlapping  term  of  five  years.  The 
members  of  the  Board  receive  the  necessary  expenses  while  in  perform¬ 
ance  of  their  official  duties. 

I  he  duties  of  the  Board  are  to  have  general  superintendence,  con¬ 
trol  of  the  institution  and  of  all  officers,  employees  and  inmates.  All 
matters  relating  to  the  government,  discipline,  contracts  and  fiscal  con¬ 
cerns  are  under  its  jurisdiction.  It  has  charge  of  all  construction  work 
and  purchase  of  all  supplies,  and  it  also  has  full  power  in  the  discharge 
or  parole  of  inmates,  i  he  Superintendent  and  other  employees  of  the 
institution  are  appointed  by  the  Board  who  prescribe  their  duties  and 
fix  their  compensation. 

State  Training  School  for  Aegro  Boys  was  provided  for  under  Chap- 
tei  190,  I  ublic  Laws  ot  1921,  but  the  institution  has  not  yet  been  estab¬ 
lished.  When  operative  it  will  be  under  the  jurisdiction  of  a  Board  of 
I  rustees  consisting  of  five  members  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  an 
overlapping  term  of  five  years. 

1  he  State  School  for  the  Blind  and  Deaf  receives,  cares  for  and 
tieats,  foi  purposes  of  education,  all  white  blind  children  and  all  colored 
deaf  mutes  and  blind  children,  residents  of  this  State,  not  of  confirmed 
immoral  chaiacter,  nor  imbecile  nor  unsound  in  mind,  nor  incapaci¬ 
tated  by  physical  infirmity  for  useful  instruction,  who  are  between  the 
ages  of  seven  and  twentv-one  years. 

The  management  of  the  school  is  vested  in  a  Board  of  Directors  con¬ 
sisting  of  eleven  members  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent 
of  the  Senate  for  an  overlapping  term  of  six  years.  The  Board  appoints 
the  Superintendent  and  fixes  his  compensation,  regulates  the  admis¬ 
sion  of  pupils  and  has  charge  of  all  construction  and  purchase  of  sup¬ 
plies. 

All  of  the  white  blind  children  are  kept  in  separate  buildings  known 
as  the  main  department.  The  colored  blind  children  and  deaf  mutes 
are  in  separate  buildings  located  in  another  section  of  the  city.  This 
branch  is  known  as  the  colored  department,  but  one  superintendent  is 
in  charge  of  both  departments.  He  appoints,  subject  to  the  approval  of 
the  Board,  all  employees  and  prescribes  their  duties.  The  school  lit¬ 
erary  work  covers  a  range  from  kindergarten  instruction  through  four 


105 


years  of  high  school,  paralelling  courses  approved  by  the  State  Board 
of  Education.  There  are  also  courses  in  music  and  for  the  girls,  fancy 
work  and  sewing.  The  boys’  industrial  activities  include  broom  and 
mattress  making  and  piano  tuning.  The  deaf  also  receive  training 
in  shoe  shops,  carpenter  work  and  agricultural  instruction  on  the  school 
farm.  The  endeavor  of  the  school  is  to  provide  for  each  child  voca¬ 
tional  as  well  as  literary  training. 

The  North  Carolina  School  for  the  White  Deaf  receives  for  the 
purpose  of  education  all  white  deaf  children,  resident  in  the  State, 
who  are  not  morally  and  mentally  unsound,  or  physically  incapacitated, 
between  the  ages  of  eight  and  twenty-three  years. 

The  school  is  under  the  management  of  a  Board  of  seven  Directors 
appointed  by  the  Governor  for  an  overlapping  term  of  six  years.  Not 
more  than  two  are  from  the  same  county. 

The  duties  of  the  Board  are  to  make  necessary  by-laws  for  the  proper 
management  of  the  school  and  its  officers;  to  provide  for  the  instruc¬ 
tion  of  all  pupils  in  courses  of  study  paralleled  in  the  public  schools 
and  in  such  other  branches  as  may  be  of  special  benefit  to  the  deaf.  The 
Board  elects  a  superintendent  and  other  officers,  teachers  and  employees 
as  necessary;  regulates  admissions,  supervises  construction  and  the 
purchase  of  all  supplies. 

In  its  literary  department,  both  the  oral  and  manual  methods  are 
taught.  In  the  vocational  and  industrial  departments  are  classes  in 
farming,  wood-work,  printing,  shoemaking  and  tailoring  for  the  boys, 
and  general  domestic  work  including  cooking,  plain  sewing  and  dress¬ 
making  for  the  girls.  Primary  handicraft  work  is  taught  the  younger 
pupils. 

Health-Educational  Institutions 

In  this  group  are  two  institutions  whose  functions  are  not  only 
the  treatment  of  the  sick  and  deformed,  but  educational  as  well,  viz., 
the  North  Carolina  Sanatorium  for  the  Treatment  of  Tuberculosis,  and 
the  North  Carolina  Orthopaedic  Hospital. 

The  Sanatorium  is  under  the  direct  control  of  the  State  Board  of 
Health,  which  is  &x  officio  the  Board  of  Managers.  Its  object  is  to 
provide  for  the  accommodation,  maintenance  and  treatment  of  tuber¬ 
culous  patients  committed  to  its  care ;  to  control  the  disease  as  far 
as  possible,  through  the  registration  of  the  known  afflicted  by  means  of 
physicians’  reports,  and  to  disseminate  information  among  the  tubei- 
culous  population  of  the  State  as  to  means  of  obtaining  cure  and  pre¬ 
venting  the  spread  of  infection. 

The  institution  receives  indigent  tuberculous  from  town  or  county 
officials  in  consideration  of  payment  not  to  exceed  one  dollar  per  day 
per  patient,  and  as  far  as  possible,  endeavor  is  made  to  keep  the  insti¬ 
tution  self-supporting. 


106 


The  duties  of  the  Board  are  to  direct  and  manage  the  institution,  in¬ 
volving  such  matters  as  appointment  of  officers  and  employees,  the 
determining  of  qualifications  for  admission,  supervision  of  finances,  new 
construction  and  purchase  of  supplies,  and  the  adoption  of  necessary 
regulations. 

An  important  side  activity  of  the  Board  is  the  maintenance  of  a 
Tuberculosis  Bureau  in  which  is  kept  a  register  of  all  persons  in  this 
State  known  to  be  afflicted  with  tuberculosis,  every,  physician  in  the 
State  being  required  to  report  patients  treated  or  suspected ;  and  to  do 
extension  work,  and  after-care  treatment  through  the  maintenance  of 
a  correspondence  school  with  the  tubercular,  to  the  end  that  they 
shall  be  properly  advised  both  as  to  methods  of  cure,  and  in  the 
prevention  of  infection  to  others. 

The  Orthopaedic  Hospital  has  as  its  object  the  care,  treatment,  and 
education  of  the  orphaned  poor  and  neglected  crippled  and  deformed 
children  of  sound  mind  in  North  Carolina. 

The  management  of  the  hospital  is  vested  in  a  Board  of  Trustees  com¬ 
posed  of  nine  members  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  period  of 
six  years  with  overlapping  terms  for  each  group  of  three.  The  duties 
of  the  Board  are  to  provide  for  the  accommodation,  maintenance  and 
treatment  of  crippled  children  committed  to  its  care;  to  appoint  a  Super¬ 
intendent,  to  have  charge  of  all  construction  and  purchase  of  supplies, 
and  to  perform  such  other  functions  as  are  necessary  to  the  proper 
administration  of  the  hospital. 

General  Welfare  Institutions 

There  are  two  State  homes  conducted  by  the  State  for  both  Confed¬ 
erate  veterans  and  Confederate  women.  The  first  known  as  the  Soldiers* 
Home,  is  managed  by  a  Board  of  seven  Directors,  three  of  whom  are 
appointed  by  the  Confederate  Veterans’  Association,  and  four  by  the 
Governor,  each  for  a  period  of  one  year.  In  addition  a  Secretary  is 
appointed  by  the  association  at  large,  and  at  the  present  time  the  State 
Auditor  occupies  that  office.  An  advisory  board  of  lady  managers  is 
appointed  by  the  Board  of  Directors  to  assist  in  the  management  of 
the  home,  and  in  the  raising  of  funds.  The  object  of  the  institution  is 
to  provide  a  home  for  deserving  and  needy  North  Carolina  Confederate 
Veterans;  to  promote  their  welfare,  preserve  their  health,  and  to  per¬ 
petuate  their  memorable  deeds. 

The  Confederate  Women’s  Home  is  managed  by  a  board  of  seven 
directors  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  term  of  two  years.  This 
Board  is  also  assisted  by  an  advisory  board  of  lady  managers  whose 
duties  are  similar  to  those  mentioned  above.  The  purpose  of  the  insti¬ 
tution  is  to  maintain  a  home  for  the  deserving  wives  and  widows  of 
North  Carolina  Confederate  soldiers  and  other  worthy  dependent  women 
of  the  Confederacy  who  are  bona  fide  residents  of  North  Carolina. 


107 


The  Oxford  Orphan  Asylum  and  the  North  Carolina  Orphanage 
for  the  colored  race  are,  properly  speaking,  private  institutions  sub¬ 
sidized  through  State  funds.  The  former  is  under  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Masons,  but  three  members  of  the  Board  are 
appointed  by  the  Governor.  The  object  of  the  institution  is  to  provide 
a  temporary  home  and  training  school  for  the  education,  industrial  and 
moral  instruction  of  destitute  and  homeless  white  children  of  the  State 
not  over  twelve  years  of  age,  and  who  are  of  sound  mind  and  body. 

The  colored  orphanage  is  a  church  institution  which  also  receives 
State  aid.  Its  object  is  to  provide  a  home  for  the  orphaned  children 
of  the  colored  race  without  regard  to  religious  sects.  In  addition,  pend¬ 
ing  the  establishment  of  the  negro  boys’  reformatory,  the  orphanage 
is  receiving  delinquent  juvenile  negroes. 

Proposed  Organization  of  the  Department  of  Welfare 

Public  welfare,  in  the  generic  sense,  is  one  of  the  most  important 
problems  with  which  the  government  and  people  of  the  State  have  to 
deal.  The  sociological,  medical  and  educational  aspects  of  the  care 
and  training  of  public  charges,  and  the  study  of  social  conditions  affect¬ 
ing  the  causes  and  prevention  of  dependency,  delinquency  and  defective¬ 
ness  are  matters  which  require  the  best  thought  of  social  students  and 
administrators.  Wholly  apart  from  the  scientific  aspects,  the  huge 
sums  spent  by  the  State  in  the  maintenance  of  its  several  institutions 
justifies  careful  expenditure  consistent  with  efficient  results.  The  State 
cannot  get  at  the  root  of  the  trouble  nor  progress  in  the  solution  of  the 
social  problems,  nor  can  it  attain  the  desired  results  in  the  prevention 
and  arresting  of  social  ills,  unless  there  is  proper  coordination  between 
and  sound  organization  among  those  agencies,  both  State  and  local, 
which  are  engaged  in  these  problems. 

The  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  for  example,  is  concerned 
with  the  educational  standards  and  teaching  problems  of  all  charitable 
and  correctional  institutions.  The  Commissioner  of  Health,  on  the 
other  hand,  is  charged  with  inspectional  duties  relating  to  medical  care, 
sanitary  condition  and  water  supply  of  such  institutions.  The  State 
Charities  Board  is  required  by  law  to  inspect  all  State  institutions,  irre¬ 
spective  of  character,  to  determine  that  standards  of  cleanliness  are 
observed,  that  the  inmates  or  patients  are  properly  housed,  clothed  and 
fed  and  that  they  are  not  mistreated.  This  applies  with  equal  force  to 
all  institutions,  public  and  private,  from  orphan  asylums  to  hospitals 
for  the  insane.  These  and  similar  functions  must  be  coordinated  to 
avoid  friction  and  to  do  the  most  effective  work. 

The  head  of  the  Department  of  Welfare  shall  be  a  Commissioner 
of  Welfare  who  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent 
of  the  Senate  for  a  term  of  four  years.  He  shall  direct  the  adminis¬ 
trative  work  of  the  Department  and  of  the  present  State  Board  of 


108 


Charities.  The  latter  shall  continue  as  an  advisory  agency  to  the 
Commissioner  and  shall  retain  its  present  powers  of  visitation  and  in¬ 
spection  of  institutions.  It  shall  be  composed  of  five  members  instead 
of  seven  as  at  present,  one  of  whom  shall  be  a  woman,  appointed  by 
the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  for  a  period  of  five  years, 
one  expiring  each  year. 

The  Child  Welfare  Commission  shall  be  abolished  and  its  functions 
transferred  to  the  Department  of  Welfare  under  the  charge  of  a  Direc¬ 
tor  of  Child  Welfare  appointed  by  the  Commissioner.  The  present 
Commissioner  of  Public  Welfare  is  an  ex  officio  member  of  the  Child 
Welfare  Commission,  and  the  proposed  transfer  would  not  add  unfa¬ 
miliar  duties  to  the  Department. 

Proposed  Organization  of  Mental  Hygiene  Institutions 

The  Boards  of  Trustees  of  the  three  hospitals  for  the  insane  and  the 
Caswell  Training  School  for  defectives  will  consist  of  five  members 
instead  of  nine,  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the 
Senate,  with  overlapping  terms  of  five  years  as  at  present.  Each  of 
the  three  hospitals  will  maintain  a  ward  for  the  criminally  insane,  and 
the  lay  supervision  and  discipline  will  be  handled  by  suitable  guards 
or  attendants.  Baleigh  and  Morganton  will  receive  white  criminally 
insane  from  the  entire  State.  The  problem  involved  is  not  correctional, 
hut  medical.  Mental  deficiency  and  not  natural  weakness,  is  responsible 
for  the  acts  committed  by  such  patients,  and  for  this  reason  they  should 
in  every  way  receive  the  highest  possible  professional  care  and  atten¬ 
tion. 

The  duties  of  each  of  these  boards  in  so  far  as  the  actual  administration 
of  the  respective  hospitals  is  concerned,  shall  be  advisory,  and  they  will 
perform  lay  duties  only.  Their  functions  will  pertain  to  the  regulation 
of  the  admission  and  discharge  of  patients,  the  institutions’  finances, 
the  administering  of  trust  Binds  and  bequests  and  the  performance  of 
other  corporate  duties.  All  building  construction  will  be  transferred 
to  the  Bureau  of  Architecture  in  the  Department  of  Highways  and 
Public  Works.  Purchasing  of  institutional  supplies  as  far  as  practi¬ 
cable,  will  be  lodged  with  the  Bureau  of  Purchase  and  Supplies  in  the 
Department  of  Administration.  The  management  of  each  institution 
will  be  vested  in  a  Superintendent  appointed  by  the  Board.  He  will 
have  charge  of  all  professional  activities,  the  formulation  of  governing 
rules  and  regulations,  disciplinary  action,  preparation  of  the  budget, 
control  of  the  finances  of  the  institution,  the  appointment  and  regula¬ 
tion  of  all  employees,  and  he  shall  have  power  of  removal. 

The  President  of  each  Board  of  the  four  institutions,  and  the  Super¬ 
intendents  will  constitute  a  Commission  on  Mental  Hygiene.  The 
Chairman  and  other  officers  shall  be  elected  by  the  Commission.  They 
shall  meet  at  frequent  intervals  for  the  purpose  of  exchange  of  ideas 


109 


in  the  management  of  their  respective  institutions,  for  the  scientific 
study  of  mental  hygiene,  its  causes,  prevention  and  cure,  and  for  the 
formulation  of  a  program  and  policy  on  mental  hygiene  for  the  guidance 
of  the  Governor  and  other  agencies.  They  shall  as  far  as  practicable 
coordinate  their  work  with  particular  reference  to  such  matters  as 
institutional  farming  and  the  transfer  of  products,  vocational  and  indus¬ 
trial  training,  after-care  supervision,  and  business  methods.  Pield  and 
investigational  work  will  be  performed  by  the  necessary  staff  examiners, 
as  far  as  possible,  selected  from  the  present  hospital  personnel. 

Proposed  Organization  of  Correctional  Institutions 

The  State  Prison  will  be  managed  by  a  Board  of  Trustees  consisting 
of  five  members  as  at  present.  They  will  continue  to  be  appointed  by 
the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate  with  overlapping  terms  of 
five  years  instead  of  four,  one  to  expire  each  year.  The  Board  will 
elect  its  own  Chairman  in  lieu  of  designation  by  the  Governor.  The 
members  of  the  Board  will  receive  their  expenses  only,  including  the 
Chairman.  Their  duties  will  be  advisory  only,  and  actual  administra¬ 
tion  of  the  prison  will  be  left  to  the  Superintendent  appointed  by  them. 
At  the  present  time  the  authority  and  administrative  jurisdiction  of 
the  Superintendent  are  limited. 

The  Advisory  Board  of  Parole  will  continue  as  an  important  staff 
agency  of  the  State  Prison,  but  it  will  be  composed  of  the  Attorney- 
General  as  Chairman,  the  Superintendent  of  the  State  Prison  and  the 
Chairman  of  the  Commission  on  Mental  Hygiene. 

.Proposed  Organization  of  Educational  Institutions 

(State  Charges  Only) 

The  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Stonewall  Jackson  Industrial  and 
Training  School  wdll  consist  of  five  members,  instead  of  fifteen  as  at 
present,  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate, 
with  overlapping  terms  of  five  years. 

It  is  recommended  that  the  age  limit  of  boys  admitted  be  increased 
from  sixteen  to  eighteen  years.  I  he  average  boy  of  eighteen,  who  is 
committed  to  the  State  Prison,  is  not  necessarily  a  hardened  criminal, 
and  his  chances  of  becoming  an  upstanding  member  of  society  will  be 
increased  through  the  atmosphere  of  a  school  rather  than  in  the  peni¬ 
tentiary.  His  habits  are  not  formed,  and  at  this  age  he  is  susceptible  to 
proper  influence. 

The  Boards  of  Managers  of  the  schools  for  the  white  deaf  and  the  deaf 
and  blind  will  likewise  consist  of  five  members  instead  of  seven  and 
eleven  members  respectively.  At  present  five  members  constitute  the 
Board  of  Managers  of  the  Girls  Industrial  School.  Under  the  proposed 


110 


arrangement  the  term  of  office  of  the  members  of  each  of  these  boards 
will  uniformly  be  five  years,  one  to  expire  each  year.  Members  will  be 
appointed  by  the  Governor  with  consent  of  the  Senate.  The  above 
applies  to  the  Training  School  for  Negro  Boys  when  established. 

These  Boards  will  perform  the  corporate  activities  of  their  respective 
institutions  and  handle  the  institutional  finances.  In  the  administrative 
work,  their  powers  will  be  advisory  only.  Each  board  will  appoint  a 
Superintendent  who  shall  have  charge  of  the  personnel  and  management 
of  the  school. 

Proposed  Organization  of  Health-Educational  Institutions 

The  management  of  the  Sanatorium  for  the  Treatment  of  Tuberculosis 
will  continue  to  be  vested  in  the  State  Board  of  Health,  but  the  latter 
will  consist  of  but  five  members  instead  of  ten  as  at  present.  The 
management  of  the  Orthopaedic  Hospital  will  be  transferred  to  the 
State  Board  of  Health  and  the  present  board  of  trustees  abolished.  As 
a  health  problem  primarily,  the  care  and  treatment  of  crippled  children 
logically  falls  within  the  jurisdiction  of  a  State  health  agency. 

Proposed  Organization  of  General  Welfare  Institutions 

The  two  orphan  asylums  shall  continue  under  existing  managements. 
Strictly  speaking,  these  are  not  State  institutions  and  will  be  subject- 
only  to  authorized  inspections  by  the  Department  of  Education,  Depart¬ 
ment  of  Health  and  the  State  Board  of  Charities.  The  Soldiers’  Home 
and  the  Confederate  Women’s  Home  will  each  be  managed  by  a  board 
of  five  directors  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  the  consent  of  the 
Senate,  for  a  term  of  five  years,  one  to  expire  each  year.  Appointments 
will  be  made  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  respective  Home  Associa¬ 
tions.  As  far  as  possible  these  two  State  homes  should  be  freed  from 
any  stigma  which  usually  attaches  to  institutions  for  the  indigent.  They 
should  not  be  classed  as  charitable  institutions  for  the  application  of 
such  term  stresses  the  poverty  of  those  admitted  to  these  homes.  In- 
spectional  functions  should  be  minimized,  and  not  carried  beyond  the 
point  of  insuring  that  the  inmates  receive  every  possible  consideration 
at  the  hands  of  a  kindly  State. 

Proposed  Council  of  Public  Welfare 

There  shall  be  a  Council  of  Public  Welfare  which  will  be  attached  to 
the  Department  of  Welfare.  It  shall  consist  of  the  Chairman  of  the 
Commission  on  Mental  Hygiene,  representing  the  four  hospitals  for  the 
insane  and  defective,  the  Superintendent  of  the  State  Prison,  the  Com¬ 
missioner  of  Welfare,  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  the 
Commissioner  of  Health,  representing  the  two  schools  for  the  blind  and 
deaf,  the  two  orphan  asylums,  the  two  industrial  schools,  the  orthopaedic 
and  tuberculosis  hospitals,  and  their  respective  departments  as  well. 


Ill 


Participation  by  these  officials  will  give  wide  expression  to  public  wel¬ 
fare  with  its  many  phases. 

The  Council  will  have  no  administrative  powers,  but  will  act  as  a 
clearing  house  of  information  for  all  institutions  and  agencies,  public 
and  private,  on  matters  affecting  all  social  problems.  It  will  endeavor 
to  coordinate  related  activities  in  the  field  of  public  welfare,  and  develop 
a  spirit  of  cooperation  between  the  three  State  Departments  mentioned 
and  the  various  State  and  local  institutions. 

The  Council  will  organize  and  elect  its  own  officers  and  shall  meet  at 
least  monthly.  It  will  conduct  investigational  work  and  research  in  pub¬ 
lic  welfare  problems.  It  will  consider  in  its  program  such  subjects  as  the 
collection  and  analysis  of  statistics,  per  capita  costs,  ratios  between 
attendants  and  inmates,  vocational  training  and  employment  of  patients 
and  inmates,  teaching  methods,  admissions,  discharges,  after-care  and 
extension  work,  county  and  municipal  welfare  activities,  management 
of  private  institutions  and  other  subjects  of  related  character. 

The  execution  of  this  program  will  be  under  the  direction  of  a  paid 
secretary  appointed  by  the  Council  and  other  assistants  if  necessary. 
The  Council,  as  indicated,  will  have  advisory  powers  only,  and  no  de¬ 
partment  or  institution  is  required  to  accept  its  recommendations,  but 
all  material  and  information  developed  will  be  available  to  every  institu¬ 
tion  and  State  Department.  It  is  believed  that  such  an  agency  organized 
and  working  along  the  lines  indicated,  will  be  of  great  value  to  the  State 
and  its  agencies  represented  in  the  avoidance  of  friction  and  overlapping 
of  activities,  and  in  the  shaping  of  a  constructive  program  designed  to 
meet  not  only  existing  conditions,  but  the  ever  growing  problems  in  the 
field  of  public  welfare. 

All  of  the  foregoing  changes  require  only  statutory  revision. 


I 


PART  FOUR 

EXPERIENCE  OF  OTHER  STATES  IN  REORGANIZATION 


—8 


115 


EXPERIENCE  OF  OTHER  STATES  IN  REORGANIZATION 

That  there  is  nothing  startling  in  the  proposal  to  reorganize  the  State 
of  North  Carolina  by  consolidating  numerous  agencies  in  a  few  major 
departments,  is  evidenced  by  the  fact  that  to  date  twenty-two  states — 
almost  one-half  of  the  total  in  the  Union — have  seriously  considered 
administrative  consolidation.  Of  these  states  eight  have  actually  re¬ 
organized  their  entire  structure  and  greatly  simplified  their  organization. 
Such  consolidations  have  been  made  both  by  statutory  enactment  and 
constitutional  amendment,  but  in  every  case  there  has  been  a  saving  in 
administrative  costs,  a  reduction  of  overhead,  and  greater  efficiency  in 
service  rendered. 

The  movement  for  reorganization  and  simplification  of  State  govern¬ 
ment  was  initiated  by  Oregon  in  1912.  Two  years  later  Iowa  and  Min¬ 
nesota  followed  suit,  but  the  suggestions  were  then  so  novel  that  they 
received  no  serious  consideration.  To  Illinois  belongs  the  credit  of  first 
recasting  its  entire  government,  and  its  plan  has  been  used  as  a  model 
on  which  other  states  have  based  their  reorganization.  In  view  of  its 
importance  a  brief  discussion  of  the  Illinois  plan  is  given  below : 


Illinois  Plan  of  Reorganization 

In  1917,  under  the  leadership,  of  Governor  Lowden,  Illinois,  through 
the  enactment  of  a  civil  administrative  code,  swept  away  one  hundred 
and  five  administrative  officers,  departments,  boards  and  commissions 
and  consolidated  their  functions  into  nine  great  departments.  Each  is 
under  the  control  of  a  director  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  consent 

of  the  Senate  for  a  period  of  four  years. 

In  addition  to  the  directors,  executive  and  administrative  hoards  are 
assigned  to  six  departments  having  quasi-legislative  or  quasi-judicial 
functions,  namely,  Finance,  Agriculture,  Labor,  Mines  and  Minerals 
Trade  and  Commerce,  and  Registration  and  Education.  Members  ot 
such  boards  are  appointed  by  the  Governor  with  consent  of  the  Senate, 
and  receive  suitable  compensation. 

Advisory  and  non-executive  boards  are  assigned  to  the  departments  of 
Agriculture,  Labor,  Public  Works,  Public  Welfare,  Public  Hea  th,  and 
Registration  and  Education.  Members  of  these  boards  are  hkew.se 
appointed  by  the  Governor  with  consent  of  the  Senate,  and  seive  with 
out  compensation.  Their  duties  are  to  advise  the  Governor  and  then- 
respective  department  heads,  and  recommend  policies  and  Pra°tlMf 

\  .p.fect  i„  the  Illinois  plan  may  be  seen  in  the  appointment  by  the 
Governor  of  some  forty-two  subordinate  officers.  As  a  principle  ot  sound 
organization,  these  officers  should  have  been  appointed  by  their  respective 
department  heads  in  order  to  insure  complete  cooperation  and  avoid 


116 


question  as  to  authority.  Another  criticism  of  this  plan  has  been  clue 
to  its  failure  to  include  in  the  scheme  of  reorganization  the  constitutional 
departments. 

Other  States  Which  Have  Adopted  Reorganization 

Nebraska  in  1919  consolidated  eighty-two  commissions  and  other 
agencies  into  six  administrative  departments,  providing  for  four  con¬ 
stitutional  officers  and  four  constitutional  boards.  In  the  same  year 
Idaho  consolidated  a  long  list  of  hoards  and  commissions  into  nine  major 
departments,  and  in  1921,  Ohio  and  Washington  enacted  similar  charges. 
All  of  these  plans  were  based  on  the  Illinois  scheme.  In  1919,  Massa¬ 
chusetts,  through  a  constitutional  amendment,  provided  for  consolida¬ 
tion  of  existing  hoards  into  nineteen  administrative  departments.  This 
plan  lacks  the  simplicity  of  the  Illinois  plan,  and  in  some  respects  denies 
adequate  responsibility  to  the  executive  and  divides  the  authority  of 
certain  department  heads.  During  the  past  year  California,  through 
the  enactment  of  a  series  of  nine  hills,  has  reorganized  its  government 
into  nineteen  administrative  departments.  Maryland  followed  suit  with 
a  plan,  effective  January  1,  1923,  vdiich  sets  up  a  like  number  of 
administrative  departments. 

States  Considering  Reorganization 

In  New  York,  the  Constitutional  Convention  in  1915  proposed  a 
reorganization  of  the  various  departments,  boards  and  commissions,  hut 
this  plan  was  defeated  with  the  proposed  Constitution.  Two  years  later 
the  Reconstruction  Commission  set  up  a  scheme  of  reorganization  which 
contemplated  the  consolidation  of  the  existing  agencies  into  nineteen 
major  departments.  The  plan  of  this  Commission,  which  was  appointed 
by  a  Democratic  Governor,  has  been  defeated  by  a  Republican  legisla¬ 
ture  in  the  succeeding  years.  It  will  in  all  probability  be  passed  by  the 
1923  Legislature.  Delaware  has  under  consideration  a  plan  which  would 
consolidate  the  State  agencies  into  eight  departments.  Proposals  have 
been  considered  in  Arizona,  Michigan,  Missouri,  New  Mexico  and  Ten¬ 
nessee,  and  studies  of  existing  organizations  are  contemplated  or  under 
way  in  Arkansas,  Connecticut,  and  Texas. 

The  complete  list  of  States  which  have  adopted  or  considered  reorgani¬ 
zation,  together  with  lists  of  proposed  departments,  are  shown  as  an 
exhibit.  Such  an  imposing  array  of  states  clearly  indicates  the  growing 
demand  throughout  the  country  for  a  simpler  and  less  expensive  form 
of  government.  In  North  Carolina,  as  elsewhere,  new  units  and  new 
activities  are  constantly  being  added  to  the  present  cumbersome  structure. 
The  additional  money  required  for  this  normal  expansion  can  only  be 
raised  in  one  of  two  ways :  By  either  increasing  taxes  or  from  savings 
effected  through  a  proper,  business-like  reorganization  of  the  adminis¬ 
trative  offices. 


117 


The  necessity  for  simplifying  governmental  organization  was  forcibly 
brought  out  by  Baymond  B.  Fosdick  in  a  recent  address.  Mr.  Fosdick 
said  in  part : 

“Government  has  become  infinitely  complex  and  technical.  It  has 
to  do  for  the  most  part  with  matters  which  are  far  beyond  the  intelli¬ 
gence  of  the  average  citizen.  It  deals  with  complicated  bond  issues, 
with  subtle  transportation  problems,  with  involved  plans  of  taxation 
and  tariff,  with  technical  educational  projects  and  with  a  hundred  other 
matters  which  directly  affect  our  lives  and  happiness,  and  in  regard  to 
which  we  are  called  upon  to  express  our  opinion  as  citizens.  Conse¬ 
quently,  the  breach  between  the  citizenship  and  its  government  is  widen¬ 
ing  as  science  increases  the  complexity  of  its  operations. 

“Our  elections,  many  of  them,  are  fought  out  on  the  basis  of  issues 
about  which  we  voters  have  no  intelligent  conception  whatsoever,  nor 
could  a  majority  of  us  acquire  such  a  conception  even  if  there  were 
time  and  machinery  for  our  education.  Frankly,  the  situation  has 
got  beyond  us.  .  .  .” 

“Government  is  getting  out  of  the  hands  of  the  people — not  in  the 
sense  that  anybody  is  taking  it  away  from  them,  but  in  the  sense  that 
with  the  rapid  extension  of  its  technical  aspects  it  is  becoming  more  and 
more  difficult  to  comprehend  and  control.” 

Simplicity,  economy  of  operation  and  administrative  responsibility 
are  the  bed-rock  of  truly  democratic  government.  Prolonged  study  and 
past  experience  demonstrate  that  such  an  ideal  can  only  be  realized 
through  the  sloughing  off  of  useless  agencies  or  units,  consolidation  of 
related  functions  in  major  administrative  departments  and  the  centraliz¬ 
ing  of  executive  authority.  Such  reorganization  as  proposed  herein  will 
reduce  overhead  expenditure,  provide  for  the  expansion  of  existing 
activities  or  addition  of  new  activities  at  a  minimum  expense,  insure 
more  efficient  service  to  the  public;  and  enable  taxpayers  to  understand 
the  workings  of  their  government  and  to  place  responsibility  for  all  acts 
of  the  administration. 

Any  fundamental  change  of  established  form  and  practice,  however 
admirable  the  motive  may  be,  requires  courage,  and  the  determination 
to  stand  up  under  fire.  If  the  State  of  North  Carolina  is  reorganized 
along  the  lines  recommended,  there  will  be  criticism.  This  will  come, 
however,  from  those  who  are  ignorant  of  its  intent  or  who,  through 
blind  prejudice,  cling  to  the  reactionary  policies  of  a  bygone  era.  Nor 
will  carping  political  opponents  who  naturally  see  no  good  in  the  honest 
efforts  of  a  progressive  party  be  silent ;  but  the  great  mass  of  thinking 
citizens  will  approve,  once  the  plan  is  explained,  for  it  will  lesult  m  a 
form  of  government  they  can  understand  and  operated  at  less  cost  than 
at  present. 

North  Carolina  is  on  the  eve  of  a  new  era  of  agricultural,  industrial 
and  commercial  development.  The  growth  of  population  will  call  for 
wider  activities  in  conserving  and  protecting  the  health  of  the  people, 


118 


and  in  the  education  of  hoys  and  girls  in  this  State.  Institutions,  both 
ediicational  and  welfare,  will  be  taxed  beyond  their  present  limits  and 
forced  to  expand,  particularly  as  the  enlightened  conscience  of  the  people 
demand  larger  facilities  for  education  and  greater  care  for  the  unfor¬ 
tunate,  sick,  needy  and  delinquent.  In  its  agricultural  scope  and  produc¬ 
tivity,  North  Carolina  is  among  the  leaders  of  the  Southern  States. 
There  is  possibly  no  State  in  the  Union  possessing  more  varied  and 
richer  natural  resources.  Those  will  be  developed,  but  this  develop¬ 
ment  must  be  in  line  with  a  definite  policy  which  will  protect  the  in¬ 
terest  of  the  State.  New  industries  and  public  utilities  with  their  at¬ 
tendant  problems  of  raw  materials,  transportation,  and  labor  are  being 
promoted  in  all  sections  of  the  State.  The  highway  program  calls  for 
an  ultimate  expenditure  of  fifty  million  dollars.  The  construction  of 
5,500  miles  of  hard  surfaced  highways  under  this  program  will  not  only 
add  to  the  comfort  and  convenience  of  the  public,  but  also  stimulate  to 
an  unprecedented  degree  the  growth  of  all  lines  of  business.  No  loyal 
citizen  would  retard  such  a  program,  yet  it  carries  with  it  grave  re¬ 
sponsibilities. 

Heavier  taxes  due  to  recent  bond  issues  and  the  addition  of  new 
activities,  will,  as  time  goes  on,  focus  the  attention  of  the  people  of  the 
State  on  the  administration  of  its  affairs.  For  such  reasons  stricter  ac¬ 
countability  as  to  policies  and  expenditures  and  corresponding  demand 
for  more  efficient  service  will  be  made. 

North  Carolina  has  had  a  glorious  past.  In  the  enactment  of  progres¬ 
sive  laws  she  has  established  definite  leadership  among  all  the  States  of 
the  South.  The  laws  governing  insurance  regulations,  cooperative  as¬ 
sociations,  State  warehouse  system,  State  printing,  agriculture  and 
health  are  models,  and  her  attitude  towards  education  and  public  wel¬ 
fare  has  always  been  inspiring;  but  up  to  the  present  time  nothing  has 
been  done  in  a  comprehensive  way  for  simplifying  and  coordinating  her 
governmental  structure  so  the  average  citizen  can  understand  it. 

With  the  assumption  of  new  problems  and  new  duties  the  State  must 
have  an  organization  capable  of  handling  the  heavier  load;  she  must 
provide  an  intelligent  plan  of  expansion  and  administrative  control.  She 
has  not  failed  to  maintain  her  leadership  in  the  fields  of  education, 
welfare,  industry,  roads  and  transportation.  She  should  not  fail  to 
establish  such  leadership  in  State  government. 


PART  FIVE 

EXHIBITS 


PART  V 


I. 

ii. 

in. 

IV. 

v. 

VI. 

VII. 

VIII. 

IX. 

X. 

XI. 

XII. 

XIII. 

XIV. 


EXHIBITS 


PAGE 


Digest  of  Laws  Covering  Functions  of  each  Department  and 
Institution  . 

Duplication  and  Overlapping  of  Functions . 

Grouping  of  Nonrelated  Functions  Within  a  Single  Department 
and  Proposed  Distribution . 

Scattering  of  Related  Functions . 

Statistics  Regarding  Present  Organization,  etc.,  of  Boards  and 
Commissions  . 

Analysis  of  Governor's  Appointing  Power . . . 

Ex  Officio  Boards . 

State  Examining  Boards . . . 

Proposed  Department  Heads . 

Proposed  Advisory  Boards . 

Present  and  Proposed  Organization  of  Institutional  Boards . 

States  Which  Have  Adopted  Reorganization . 

States  Proposing  or  Considering  Reorganization . 


123 


241 


243 


245 

246 
24S 


250 

251 


253 


254 


256 


259 


Chart  of  Present  and  Proposed  Organization,  State  of  North  Caro¬ 
lina  . 


261 


H 

•  . 


EXHIBIT  I 


DIGEST  OF  LAW'  COVERING  }T\fTIO»  OF  EACH  DEPARTMENT 

AND  IN9TTTCTIOX 


STATE  DEPARTMENTS,  BOARDS  AND  COMMISSIONS 

(Arranged  Functionally) 


K 


127 


GOVERNOR’S  OFFICE 

Secs.  1,  2,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Art.  3,  Ch.  129,  C.  S. 
Cameron  Morrison,  Governor. 

T  itle — Governor. 

Appointment — Elected. 

Term — Four  years. 

Qualification — Thirty  years  minimum  age;  citizen  of  United  States 
five  years;  resident  of  North  Carolina  two  years. 

Salary — $6,500;  $600  expenses;  Mansion,  servants,  motor  and  chauf¬ 
feur. 


EX  OFFICIO 


1.  President  State  Board  of  Edu¬ 

cation. 

2.  Chairman  Budget  Commis¬ 

sion. 

3.  Member  Salary  Standard 

Board. 

4.  Chairman  State  Reconstruc¬ 

tion  Commission. 

5.  Member  State  Board  of  Can¬ 

vassers. 

6.  Member  Board  of  Public 

Buildings  and  Grounds. 

7.  Member  Pension  Board. 

8.  Member  State  Library  Board. 

9.  Chairman  State  Geological 

Board. 


10.  Member  Printing  Commission. 

11.  Chairman  Board  of  Internal 
Improvements. 

12.  Commander  -  in  -  Chief  State 

Militia. 

13.  Chairman  Memorial  Building 

Commission. 

14.  President  Trustees,  E.  of  N.  C. 

15.  Chairman  Board  of  Trustees, 

Orthopaedic  Hospital. 

16.  President  Board  of  Trustees, 

A.  and  E.  College. 

Thirteen  Departments,  Boards 
and  Commissions;  three  Institu¬ 
tions. 


FUNCTION 

To  perform  the  duties  of  the  chief  executive  of  the  State  and  enforce 
the  laws,  having  appointing,  pardoning,  hut  no  veto  power;  to  act  as 
Commander-in-Chief  of  the  militia. 

The  Executive  Department  shall  consist  of  a  Governor,  in  whom  shall 
P0  vested  the  supreme  executive  power  of  the  State,  a  Lieutenant-Go\  ci- 
nor,  a  Secretary  of  State,  an  Auditor,  a  Treasurer,  a  Supeiintendent  of 
Public  Instruction,  and  an  Attorney-General— (Sec,  1,  Art.  HI,  Con¬ 
stitution.) 

Sec  7531,  C.  S. _ The  Governor  is  empowered  to  have  all  departments 

of  the  State’  Government  and  State  Institutions  examined  and  audited 
from  time  to  time,  and  shall  employ  such  experts  to  make  audits  and 
examinations  and  to  analyze  the  reports  of  such  institutions  and  depart¬ 
ments  as  he  may  deem  necessary. 


128 


Sec.  5,  Cli.  163,  P.  L.,  1921. — At  any  time  upon  a  complaint  made 
to  him  or  on  his  own  motion,  the  Governor  may  appoint  a  special  com¬ 
mission  to  investigate  any  State  department  or  State  institution  which 
Commission  shall  have  power  to  subpcena  witnesses,  require  production 
of  books  and  papers  and  to  do  all  things  necessary  to  a  full  and  thorough 
investigation  and  submit  findings  to  the  Governor. 


129 


COUNCIL  OF  STATE 

Sec.  9,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Sec.  14,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Sec.  6547, 
Ch.  107,  C.  S.;  Sec.  6937,  Art.  2,  Ch.  113,  C.  S.;  Sec.  7637,  Art. 

3,  Ch.  129,  C.  S.;  Ch.  50,  P.  L.  1921,  Extra  Session. 

Composition  (4) — Secretary  of  State,  Auditor,  Treasurer,  Superin¬ 
tendent  Public  Instruction,  ex  officio  members.  Attorney-General,  legal 
advisor  to  Executive  Department. 

Term — Four  years. 

FUNCTION 

To  advise  the  Governor  in  the  execution  of  bis  office,  any  three  con¬ 
stituting  a  quorum ;  to  keep  a  signed  record  of  their  advice  and  proceed¬ 
ings  in  this  capacity,  from  any  part  of  which  any  member  may  enter 
his  dissent  ;  to  furnish  such  records  to  the  General  Assembly  as  required; 
to  convene  at  call  of  the  Governor.  To  advise  with  the  Governor  in  re¬ 
gard  to  convening  General  Assembly  for  extra  session.  To  approve  or 
reject,  in  conjunction  with  Board  of  Internal  Improvements,  any  pro¬ 
posed  encumbrance  on  the  franchise  or  property  of  any  corporation  in 
which  the  State  is  a  stockholder  or  otherwise  has  an  interest.  State 
bonds  and  certificates  may  be  signed  in  lieu  of  the  Treasurer,  in  case  of 
his  absence  or  inability  to  sign,  by  any  member  of  the  Council  of  State 
designated  by  it. 


—9 


130 


BOARD  OF  INTERNAL  IMPROVEMENTS 

Ch.  107,  C.  S. 

Composition  (3) — Governor,  Chairman  ex  officio ;  two  members  ap¬ 
pointed  by  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Two  years. 

Compensation — $5  per  diem  and  expenses.  Extra  compensation  for 
special  investigations. 

FUNCTION 

To  have  charge  of  and  to  protect  the  State’s  interest  in  all  internal 
improvement  corporations,  such  as  railroads,  canals  or  other  public 
works,  in  which  the  State  is  a  stockholder  or  part  owner;  to  require 
from  time  to  time,  written  reports  from  the  presidents  of  such  corpora¬ 
tions  of  the  affairs  of  same;  to  approve  or  reject  in  conjunction  with 
the  Council  of  State,  any  proposed  encumbrance  on  the  franchise  or 
property  of  any  corporation  in  which  the  State  is  a  stockholder  or  other¬ 
wise  has  an  interest. 

To  appoint  proxies  to  vote  for  the  State  at  directors  or  stockholders 
meetings  of  such  corporation ;  to  investigate  at  the  instance  of  the  Gover¬ 
nor  the  affairs  of  such  corporations  and  the  conduct  of  any  official  thereof 
and  take  suitable  action  thereon ;  the  compensation  of  such  member  who 
conducts  the  investigation  to  be  fixed  by  the  Governor  with  the  advice 
of  the  Council  of  State. 

To  inspect  and  investigate  annually  each  agency  and  department  of 
Government  and  to  make  reports  thereon  to  the  Governor,  in  which  re¬ 
port  among  other  things,  shall  he  set  forth  the  expenses  of  such  agency 
or  department  and  the  necessity  therefor ;  to  have  all  the  powers  of  a 
legislative  investigative  committee;  to  employ  expert  accountants  and 
fix  compensation  with  approval;  to  make  recommendations  in  its  report 
of  such  changes  as  in  its  opinion  will  improve  the  public  service. 

Reports  :  To  report  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly  the  condition 
of  works  of  all  internal  improvement  in  which  the  State  has  an  interest, 
and  to  make  suggestions  for  improvements,  new  activities,  etc. ;  the 
amount,  condition,  character  of  the  State’s  interest  in  other  railroads, 
roads,  canals  or  other  works  of  internal  improvements  in  which  the  State 
has  taken  stock,  to  which  she  has  loaned  money  or  whose  bonds  she  holds, 
as  security;  to  submit  in  effect  the  president’s  reports  mentioned,  cover¬ 
ing  such  points  as  the  financial  condition,  amount  and  market  value  of 
stock,  receipts  and  disbursements,  the  amount  of  real  and  personal  prop¬ 
erty  of  such  corporations,  its  estimated  value,  and  such  suggestions  as 
regards  the  State’s  interest  as  warranted  by  the  status  of  the  corpora¬ 
tions. 


131 


BOARD  OF  PUBLIC  BUILDINGS  AND  GROUNDS 

Ch.  117,  C.  S. 

Composition  (4) — Governor,  Secretary  of  State,  Treasurer,  Attorney- 
General,  ex  officio  members. 


FUNCTION 

To  take  charge  of  and  keep  in  repair  public  buildings  of  State  in  City 
of  Raleigh;  to  procure  necessary  furniture  and  equipment  for  General 
Assembly  and  public  offices;  to  certify,  through -the  Secretary  of  State, 
all  accounts  for  labor  and  fuel;  to  assign  rooms  and  offices  where  not 
specified  by  law;  to  authorize  repair  of  walks,  grounds  and  trees  in  and 
about  the  Capitol  square;  to  appoint  a  Keeper  of  the  Capitol  and  a  cus¬ 
todian  of  the  State  Departments  Building. 

Keeper  of  the  Capitol:  To  have  charge  of  janitorial  work  and  care 
of  trees  and  grounds  of  Capitol  and  Executive  Mansion;  to  appoint  and 
supervise  all  employees  and  laborers;  to  contract  under  supervision  of 
Board  for  repairs  to  walks,  convict  labor  to  be  used  where  practicable, 
and  accounts  for  labor  and  material  to  be  audited  by  State  Auditor.  The 
Keeper  of  the  Capitol  is  also  ex  officio  the  State  Standard  Keeper  in 
case  of  vacancy. 

Custodian  of  State  Departments  Buildings:  Appointed  by  Board 
with  duties  similar  to  those  of  the  Keeper  of  the  Capitol. 

Custodian  of  Administration  Building:  Appointed  by  the  five 
Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court,  Secretary  of  the  Historical  Commission 
and  the  State  Librarian,  with  duties  similar  to  those  of  the  Keeper  of 
the  Capitol. 


132 


PRINTING  COMMISSION 

Art.  1,  Ch.  120,  C.  S. 

Composition  (7) — Governor,  Council  of  State,  Commissioner  of  Labor 
and  Printing,  Attorney-General,  ex  officio  members. 

FUNCTION 

To  contract  for  all  printing  and  binding  done  for  the  State  defined 
as  “public  printing,”  which  is  construed  to  mean  all  printing  done  di¬ 
rectly  for  the  State  and  paid  for  out  of  the  General  Pund,  and  included 
in  all  annual  or  biennial  reports  required  under  the  law,  all  blanks 
and  blank  books  and  office  stationery  required  and  no  more. 

The  Commissioner  of  Labor  and  Printing  is  directed  to  superintend 
letting  of  contracts,  and  the  person  with  whom  such  contract  is  made 
is  designated  as  the  public  printer  who  shall  give  bond  for  $5,000.  The 
Commission  regulates  the  sizes  of  books  and  publications,  general  style 
of  publication,  style  of  type  and  paper  to  be  used;  determines  what 
details  of  Department  activities  shall  be  included  in  Department  reports, 
and  also  determines  the  number  of  laws  and  resolutions  to  be  printed. 
The  Commissioner  of  .Labor  and  Printing  purchases  for  the  use  of  the 
State  the  paper  and  stationery  used  for  public  printing. 


133 


STATE  BOARD  OF  PENSIONS 

Art.  3,  Ch.  92,  C.  S.;  Ch.  69,  P.  L.  1920 — Extra  Session; 

Ch.  189,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition  (3) — Governor,  Attorney-General,  Auditor,  ex  officio 
members. 


FUNCTION 


To  examine  each  application  for  a  pension;  and  to  prescribe  rules  and 
regulations  governing  the  operation  of  the  pension  law. 

The  Auditor  is  directed  to  appoint  three  reputable  ex-Confederate 
soldiers  or  sons  of  ex-Confederate  soldiers  in  each  county  who,  with  the 
Clerk  of  the  Superior  Court,  shall  constitute  the  County  Board  of  Pen¬ 
sions  for  their  county  whose  duty  is  to  examine  and  classify  applicants 
for  relief  and  to  certify  such  applicants  as  are  passed  to  the  Governor, 
and  to  perform  such  other  functions  as  prescribed  by  law.  The  Auditor 
is  further  directed  to  provide  form  of  application,  to  issue  warrants  to 
clerks  of  the  Superior  Court  semiannually,  to  apportion,  distribute  and 
divide  the  money  appropriated  by  the  State  for  pensions,  and  to  issue 
warrants  to  the  several  pensioners  pro  rata  in  their  respective  grades 
so  that  the  entire  annual  appropriation  shall  be  paid  each  year  to  the 
pensioners,  notwithstanding  the  amounts  so  paid  may  be  in  excess  of 
the  amounts  fixed  in  this  article  for  the  several  grades,  provided  the 
total  appropriation  shall  not  exceed  $1,000,000  annually. 

In  addition  to  the  appropriation  made  by  the  General  Assembly,  there 
is  levied  a  county  tax  of  2  cents  on  each  $100  of  assessed  value  of  prop¬ 
erty  and  6  cents  on  each  taxable  poll.  These  taxes  are  collected  by  a 
sheriff  or  other  tax  collector,  and  the  net  proceeds  are  applied  each  jeai 
to  increase  pro  rata  the  pensions  of  persons  on  the  county  pension  i  oil. 
Such  funds  are  disbursed  pro  rata  by  the  County  Commissioners. 


Classes  and  amounts  of  pensions  for  Confederate  soldiers,  their  widovs 
and  orphans  are  as  follows : 


1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 


Wounded  so  as  to  be  totally  incompetent . 

Blind  widows  . 

Loss  of  leg  or  arm  above  knee  or  elbow . 

Loss  of  leg  or  arm  below  knee  or  elbow...—... . 

Loss  of  one  eye.  Widows  and  all  other  soldiers  disabled 
from  any  cause  and  unfit  to  perform  manual  labor.... 


$100  per  year 
.  100  per  year 
90  per  year 
70  per  year 

60  per  year 


In  distributing  the  $1,000,000  appropriation,  the  above  amounts  have 
been  increased  pro  rata  as  follows :  Classes  1  and  2  receive  $150,  class  3, 

$135;  class  4,  $120;  class  5,  $105. 

In  addition  all  ex-Confederate  soldiers  and  sailors  who  have  become 
totally  blind  since  the  war,  or  who  have  lost  their  sight,  or  both  hand  s 


134 


and  feet,  or  one  arm  and  one  leg,  in  the  Confederate  service,  or  who 
have  become  paralyzed  and  are  totally  disabled  by  reason  thereof,  shall 
receive  from  the  public  treasury  $180  a  year,  such  moneys  being  paid 
out  of  the  General  Fund  and  not  from  the  pension  appropriation.  Ap¬ 
plicants  for  relief  under  this  provision  are  certified  to  the  Governor  by 
the  clerk  of  the  Superior  Court  of  the  county  in  which  such  applicants 
reside.  Such  pensioners  are  thereupon  paid  monthly  by  the  State 
Auditor  at  the  rate  of  $15  a  month. 


135 


STATE  BUDGET  COMMISSION 

Ch.  126,  C.  S.;  Ch.  2,  P.  L.  1920 — Extra  Session;  Ch.  196,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition  (6) — Governor,  Chairman;  Chairman  Senate  Committee 
on  Finance,  Chairman  Senate  Committee  on  Appropriations,  Chairman 
House  Committee  on  Finance,  Chairman  House  Committee  on  Appro¬ 
priations,  ex  officio  members;  one  member  minority  party  of  General 
Assembly  appointed  by  Governor. 

Compensation — Members,  except  the  Governor,  $10  per  diem  and 
traveling  expenses  while  on  official  duties. 

FUNCTION 

To  receive,  on  or  before  November  1st,  in  even  numbered  years,  from 
each  department,  board,  commission  and  other  State  agency,  except  the 
executive,  legislative  and  judicial  departments,  biennial  estimates  of  pro¬ 
posed  expenditures  by  such  departments,  etc.,  for  ensuing  biennial  period; 
to  receive  in  like  manner  from  State  Auditor  statements  showing  credit 
balances  of  previous  appropriations,  monthly  expenditures  and  revenues 
for  each  appropriation  account,  and  totals  in  the  last  twelve  months  of 
the  preceding  appropriation  year,  annual  expenditures  in  each  appropria¬ 
tion  account  and  revenue  from  all  sources  for  each  of  two  last  appro¬ 
priation  years,  showing  increase  and  decrease,  balance  sheet  and  other 
information  required;  to  hold  public  hearings  during  November  on 
departmental  and  other  estimates. 

To  present  to  the  General  Assembly,  within  five  days  after  convening, 
printed  copies  of  the  Budget  containing  a  complete  plan  of  proposed 
expenditures  for  each  agency,  itemized  and  classified  according  to  func¬ 
tion,  character  and  object,  and  of  estimated  revenues  for  ensuing  two 
years,  and  accompanied  by  statements  of  (1)  classified  revenue  and  ex¬ 
penditures;  (2)  current  assets,  liabilities,  reserves  and  surplus  or  deficit  ; 
(3)  debt  and  funds  of  the  State;  (4)  estimates  of  condition  of  the  State’s 
treasury  as  of  beginning  and  end  of  each  of  next  two  years;  (5)  itemized 
balance  sheet  as  of  the  close  of  the  preceding  fiscal  year;  (6)  general 
survey  of  the  State’s  financial  and  natural  resources,  with  a  review  of  the 
general  economic,  industrial  and  commercial  condition  of  the  State;  to 
submit  at  same  time,  copies  of  the  budget  bill  showing  proposed  expendi¬ 
tures,  itemized  and  classified  for  each  of  the  next  two  years;  to  employ 
budget  assistants  and  special  help  as  required. 

Sec.  7480,  C.  S On  or  before  the  15th  day  of  December,  biennially 
in  even  numbered  years,  the  budget  commission  shall  have  completed 
a  careful  survey  of  all  the  departments,  bureaus,  officers,  boards,  com¬ 
missions  institutions,  and  other  agencies  and  undertakings  of  the  State, 
through  which  it  shall  be  in  possession  of  the  working  knowledge  upon 
which  to  base  its  recommendations  to  the  General  Assembly. 


136 


SALARY  STANDARDIZATION  BOARD 

Ch.  95,  P.  L.  1920 — Extra  Session;  Ch.  143,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition  (5) — Governor,  Council  of  State,  ex  officio  members. 

FUNCTION 

To  adjust  and  fix  the  compensation  of  the  several  assistants,  chief 
clerks,  clerks  and  assistants  in  the  various  departments  of  the  State,  in¬ 
cluding  employees  of  the  Supreme  Court,  provided  compensation  shall 
not  exceed  $3,000. 

To  fix  compensation  of  all  clerks,  stenographers,  employees  and 
laborers  in  the  several  departments  of  the  State  not  in  excess  of  $1,800, 
such  salaries  to  be  certified  to  the  Auditor  and  Treasurer  by  the  Gover¬ 
nor.  The  Board  is  authorized  and  empowered  to  employ  any  additional 
clerical  or  stenographic  help  in  any  of  the  departments  of  the  State 
upon  the  written  request  of  the  department  head,  when  satisfied  that 
such  additional  help  is  needed  temporarily  in  such  department  and  to 
fix  salary. 

The  proceedings  of  the  Board  shall  be  kept  by  the  State  Auditor  and 
reported  to  each  regular  session  of  the  General  Assembly. 


137 


NORTH  CAROLINA  APPOMATTOX  COMMISSION 

Art.  1,  Ch.  113,  C.  S. 

Composition  (5) — Fire  Special  Commissioners. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Four  years. 

Compensation — None.  Necessary  expenses,  not  to  exceed  six  days. 

FUNCTION 

To  have  charge  and  control  of  three  parcels  of  State-owned  land  on 
the  battlefield  of  Appomattox  Courthouse;  and  to  erect  thereon  such  per¬ 
manent  memorials  as  they  may  deem  proper  without  cost  to  State  except 
for  the  erection  of  a  monument  for  which  an  appropriation  of  $1,000 
was  made.  The  Commission  was  created  in  1905. 


138 


DEPARTMENT  OF  STATE 

Sec.  1,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Art.  1,  Ch.  22,  C.  S.;  Ch.  97,  C.  S.;  Art.  4, 
Ch.  129,  C.  S.;  Ch.  97,  P.  L.,  1921 — Extra  Session. 

W.  N.  Everett,  Secretary  of  State. 

Title — Secretary  of  State. 

Appointment — Elected. 

Term — E our  years. 

Salary — $4,500. 

Ex  Officio  Member — Council  of  State,  State  Board  of  Education, 
Board  of  Public  Buildings,  Municipal  Board  of  Control,  Trustee  State 
Library. 


FUNCTION 

To  have  custody  of  all  statutes  and  resolutions,  rolls  of  registered 
voters  and  other  State  and  official  records ;  to  supervise  publication  and 
distribution  of  the  laws;  to  provide  and  distribute  printed  material  for 
election  officials;  to  examine  and  certify  articles  or  certificates  of  in¬ 
corporation. 

To  license  motor  vehicles  and  to  appoint  inspectors  to  enforce  auto¬ 
mobile  license  lawr;  to  collect  automobile  license  tax  and  gasoline  road 
tax. 


139 


STATE  BOARD  OF  ELECTIONS 

Art.  3  et.  seq.,  Ch.  97,  C.  S. 

Composition — Five  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Two  years. 

Qualification — Not  more  than  three  of  same  party. 

C ompensation — $5  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  enforce  State  and  county  election  laws;  to  prepare  and  distribute 
to  county  boards,  ballots,  poll  books,  forms  of  returns;  -to  order  elections 
in  accordance  with  law;  to  make  recounts  and  to  promulgate  general 
regulations  and  perform  such  other  functions  as  may  be  prescribed 
by  law. 

To  appoint  for  each  county,  a  county  board  of  elections,  consisting 
of  three  members,  whose  terms  of  office  shall  be  2  years,  not  more  than 
two  of  whom  shall  belong  to  the  same  political  party,  such  appointments 
being  made  on  the  recommendation  of  the  State  Chairman  of  each  politi¬ 
cal  party;  but  power  of  removal  on  cause  rests  with  State  Board  and 
such  vacancies  shall  be  filled  by  said  board ;  to  appoint  county  primary 
election  boards,  to  tabulate  returns,  declare  nominees  and  such  other 
functions  as  may  be  prescribed  by  law. 

The  Board  elects  its  own  chairman  and  secretary. 


140 


BOARD  OF  STATE  CANVASSERS 

Art.  13,  Ch.  97,  C.  S. 

Composition  (5) — Governor,  four  members  State  Board  of  Elections, 
ex  officio  members. 

Term — Two  years. 

'Qualification — Members  of  State  Board  of  Elections  to  be  named  and 
selected  by  said  Board. 


FUNCTION 

To  ascertain  and  declare  from  abstracts  of  votes  cast  prepared  by 
boards  of  county  canvassers  and  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  State 
by  registers  of  deeds,  tbe  results  of  tbe  elections  of  Governor  and  all  State 
officers,  justices  of  tbe  Supreme  Court,  judges  of  tbe  Superior  Court, 
solicitors,  congressmen  and  United  States  senators. 

To  cause  results  to  be  certified  to  tbe  Secretary  of  State;  to  estimate 
tbe  votes  cast  for  officers  of  tbe  Executive  Department  from  tbe  abstracts 
forwarded  to  tbe  Secretary  of  State,  and  publish  a  statement  of  tbe  re¬ 
sult  of  sucb  calculation,  but  tbis  statement  shall  be  for  information  of 
tbe  public  only,  and  shall  not  have  tbe  effect  to  determine  what  candi¬ 
dates  have  been  elected  to  office.  Their  election  shall  be  ascertained  and 
declared  according  to  Sec.  3,  Article  III  of  tbe  Constitution. 


141 


MUNICIPAL  BOARD  OF  CONTROL 

Art.  13,  Ch.  56,  C.  S. 

Composition  (3) — Attorney-General,  Chairman;  Secretary  of  State, 
Secretary;  Chairman  Corporation  Commission,  ex  officio  members. 

FUNCTION 

To  hear  petitions  for  incorporation  of  municipalities;  to  determine 
if  requirements  of  law  have  been  fulfilled  by  the  petitioners  and  that 
the  facts  stated  are  true;  to  enter  orders  creating  territory  into  a  town, 
and  to  provide  for  holding  the  first  election  of  mayor  and  commis¬ 
sioners,  the  number  to  he  determined  by  the  Board. 


142 


STATE  AUDITOR’S  DEPARTMENT 

Sec.  1,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Art.  5,  Ch.  129,  C.  S. 

Baxter  Durham,  State  Auditor. 

Title — State  Auditor. 

Appointment — Elected . 

Term — Four  years. 

Salary — $4,500. 

Ex  Officio  Member — Council  of  State,  State  Board  of  Education, 
State  Board  Pensions,  Salary  Standardization  Board,  Printing  Com¬ 
mission. 


FUNCTION 

To  superintend  tlie  fiscal  affairs  of  the  State;  to  keep  and  state  all 
accounts  in  which  the  State  is  interested ;  to  draw  warrants  on  the  State 
Treasurer  on  approved  vouchers;  to  suggest  and  effect  plans  for  im¬ 
provement  and  management  of  the  public  revenue;  to  handle  the  pension 
system;  to  cause  to  be  audited  the  accounts  of  each  State  department  and 
institution. 

Ch.  163,  P.  L.  1921.  To  cause  to  be  examined,  audited  and  adjusted 
the  various  accounts,  systems  of  accounts  and  accounting  of  the  several 
State  departments,  and  institutions;  to  devise  systems  for  control  and 
disbursements  of  the  funds  of  the  State,  its  departments  and  institu¬ 
tions;  to  require  all  officers  of  the  State,  its  departments  and  institutions 
to  install  such  systems  of  accounting  procedures  and  control  of  dis¬ 
bursement  of  funds  as  he  elects;  to  have  departments  and  institutions 
examined  and  audited  from  time  to  time;  to  employ  experts  and 
accountants  to  examine,  analyze  and  report  on  such  departments  and 
institutions. 

Ch.  236,  P.  L.  1921.  To  cause  to  be  audited  at  least  once  a  year, 
the  accounts  of  all  counties  and  county  officers  of  the  State  and  to  make 
improvements  in  accounting  systems  of  counties.  Costs  of  audits  are 
to  be  borne  by  State,  provided  audit  shows  county  does  not  owe  the  State 
anything;  in  the  latter  event,  the  expense  of  audit  is  to  be  borne  by 
county.  This  act  does  not  apply  to  counties  employing  a  full  time  county 
auditor;  but  the  State  Auditor  shall  have  power  to  make  audits  in  such 
counties  provided  no  additional  expense  to  such  counties  is  entailed. 

Sec.  4,  Ch.  34,  P.  L.  1921.  To  issue  statements  to  all  corporations, 
or  in  case  of  delinquencies,  to  sheriffs  for  collection  of  franchise  taxes 
levied  on  such  corporations  amounting  to  one-tenth  of  one  per  cent  upon 
subscribed  or  issued  and  outstanding  stocks,  the  tax  in  no  case  to  be  less 
than  $10.00. 


143 


Ch.  1,  P.  L.  1921,  Extra  Session.  To  require  all  counties,  townships, 
school  districts  or  other  municipal  corporations  to  report  to  the  State 
Auditor  on  or  before  March  1,  1922,  all  bonds  or  notes  having  a  fixed 
maturity  of  one  year  or  more  from  date  thereof,  and  also  to  make  report 
to  the  State  Auditor  within  thirty  days  after  the  issuance  of  any  bond 
or  note  having  a  fixed  maturity  of  at  least  one  -year  from  date.  The 
State  Auditor  is  directed  to  furnish  the  necessary  forms  and  keep  on  file 
statements  as  required  in  the  foregoing. 

Reports  :  To  report  annually  to  the  Governor  and  to  the  General 
Assembly  biennially,  a  complete  statement  of  receipts  and  expenditures 
of  the  State  during  preceding  fiscal  year  and  as  far  as  possible  of  the 
current  year,  together  with  detailed  estimate  of  proposed  expenditures 
for  ensuing  fiscal  year,  specifying  therein  each  object  of  expenditure  and 
distinguishing  between  such  as  are  provided  for  by  permanent  or  tempo¬ 
rary  appropriations,  and  such  as  must  be  provided  for  by  a  new  statute, 
and  to  suggest  the  means  from  which  such  expenditures  are  to  be  de¬ 
frayed. 


144 


TREASURER’S  DEPARTMENT 

Sec.  1,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Art.  6,  Ch.  129,  C.  S. 

B.  R.  Lacy,  State  Treasurer. 

Title — State  Treasurer. 

Appointment — Elected. 

Term< — Eour  years. 

Salary — $4,500. 

Ex  Officio  Member — Council  of  State,  State  Board  of  Education 
(Treasurer),  Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

Ex  Officio  Treasurer — Hospitals  for  Insane  (3),  A.  and  E.  College, 
State  Deaf  and  Dumb  School  (Morganton),  Deaf,  Dumb  and  Blind 
School  (Raleigh),  State’s  Prison,  Soldiers’  Home,  Caswell  Training 
School,  State  Hospital  for  Dangerous  Insane,  Confederate  Women’s 
Home,  Department  of  Agriculture,  State  Board  of  Education,  State 
Board  for  Vocational  Education. 

Eleven  institutions,  three  State  departments. 

FUNCTION 

To  receive  and  account  for  all  moneys  paid  into  the  Treasury  of  the 
State;  to  pay  all  warrants  legally  drawn  on  the  Treasury  by  the  Audi¬ 
tor,  and  no  moneys  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  Treasury  except  on  warrant 
of  Auditor;  to  designate,  after  examining  and  receiving  security,  State 
depository  banks;  to  make  short  term  notes  in  emergencies  subject  to 
approval  of  Governor  and  Council  of  State;  to  construe  revenue  and 
machinery  acts;  to  keep  record  and  accounts  of  all  bonds  issued,  regis¬ 
tered,  transferred,  exchanged  and  surrendered;  to  issue  coupon  bonds  in 
lieu  of  registered  bonds. 

To  report,  to  the  Governor  annually  and  to  the  General  Assembly  at 
the  beginning  of  each  biennial  session,  the  exact  balance  in  the  Treasury 
to  the  credit  of  the  State,  with  a  summary  of  the  receipts  and  payments 
of  the  Treasury  during  the  preceding  fiscal  year,  and  so  far  as  prac¬ 
ticable  an  account  of  the  same  down  to  the  termination  of  the  current 
calendar  year. 


145 


DEPARTMENT  OF  EDUCATION 

Sec.  3,  Art.  I,  Constitution;  Ch.  95,  C.  S.;  Ch.  61,  P.  L.  1921; 

Ch.  145,  P.  L.  1921. 

E.  C.  Brooks,  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction. 

Title — Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction. 

Appointment — Elected. 

Term — Four  years. 

Salary — $5,000. 

Ex  Officio  Member — Board  of  Trustees  University  of  North  Carolina, 
President  Board  of  Trustees  Women’s  College,  President  Board  of 
Trustees  East  Carolina  Teachers’  College,  Secretary  State  Board  of 
Education,  Board  of  Trustees  State  Library,  Executive  Officer  State 
Board  for  Vocational  Education,  Child  Welfare  Commission,  College 
Commission,  Library  Commission. 

Three  educational  institutions,  six  State  boards  and  commissions. 

FUNCTION 

To  direct  tlie  operation  of  the  public  schools  within  the  State  of  North 
Carolina  and  to  enforce  and  construe  the  laws  and  regulations  in  rela¬ 
tion  thereto;  to  approve  the  rules  and  regulations  governing  the  work 
of  the  Text-book  Commission  (elementary  schools)  appointed  by  him 
and  the  Governor;  to  appoint  a  State  Committee  on  High  School  text¬ 
books  and  have  final  approval  of  all  books  recommended  by  them  and  to 
contract  with  publishers  for  publication,  sale  and  distribution  of  such 
books. 

To  prepare  or  have  prepared  and  printed  courses  of  study  in  agricul¬ 
ture,  manual  training  and  home  economics  for  use  in  the  public  schools; 
to  supervise  wrork  of  rural  libraries ;  to  provide,  with  cooperation  of 
Commissioners  of  Health  and  Agriculture,  educational  films  for  rural 
schools  (State  pays  one-third,  communities  two-thirds — State  appropri¬ 
ated  $25,000,  1917— Sec.  5632,  C.  S.) ;  to  supervise  the  operation  and 
control  of  Cullowhee  Normal  School,  Appalachian  Training  School, 
Cherokee  Normal  and  the  three  negro  normals;  to  perform  such  other 
functions  as  may  be  prescribed  by  law  and  rules  and  regulations  of  the 
State  Board  of  Education. 

Reports  :  To  report  biennially  to  the  Governor  at  least  five  days  prior 
to  regular  session  of  General  Assembly,  giving  information  and  statistics 
of  the  public  schools  with  recommendations  as  to  changes  m  the  law. 


—10 


146 


STATE  BOARD  OF  EDUCATION 

Secs.  8-13,  Art.  IX,  Constitution;  Ch.  95,  C.  S.;  Art.  9,  Ch.  128,  C.  S.;  Ch. 

145-14  6,  P.  L.  19  21;  Ch.  5,  P.  L.  1921 — Extra  Session. 

Composition  (7) — Governor,  President  ;  Superintendent  of  Public  In¬ 
struction,  Secretary;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer;  Lieutenant-Governor, 
Attorney-General,  Secretary  of  State,  State  Auditor,  ex  officio  members. 

Term — Pour  years. 

FUNCTION 

To  legislate  and  make  rules  and  regulations  for  the  government  of  the 
public  schools  of  the  State,  and  for  the  management  of  the  State  edu¬ 
cational  fund  subject  to  amendment  and  repeal  by  the  General  Assembly; 
to  apportion  this  fund  to  the  several  counties  annually  which  are  unable 
to  provide  a  six  months  term  after  levying  maximum  rate  prescribed  by 
law,  ($1,400,000  appropriated  1921)  ;  to  manage  State  Literary  Fund 
and  to  invest,  loan  and  expend  same  as  directed  by  law;  to  receive  an¬ 
nual  budgets  from  county  boards  of  education  on  which  State  apportion¬ 
ment  is  based.  (County  school  tax  not  to  exceed  39c.  per  $100  assessed 
value  on  real  and  personal  property,  together  with  same  per  cent  on  poll 
tax) ;  to  appoint  Text-book  Commission  and  to  make  rules  governing 
contracts  with  publishers  of  elementary  text-books  selected  by  Text-book 
Commission  and  approved  by  board ;  to  enforce  compulsory  attendance 
law;  to  keep  record  of  all  proceedings.  A  majority  of  the  Board  consti¬ 
tutes  a  quorum. 

Sec.  7605,  C.  S.  et  seq. — To  survey  and  reclaim  State  swamp  lands  and 
to  improve  same  through  construction  of  canals,  ditches  and  roads;  to 
lease,  sell  or  exchange  same,  proceeds  to  apply  to  the  State  Literary 
Fund;  to  assess  privately  owned  lands  improved  through  reclamation 
and  collect  assessments;  to  appoint  engineer,  surveyor  and  other  as¬ 
sistants  to  plan  improvement ;  to  appoint  annually  an  agent  to  superin¬ 
tend  and  supervise  all  State  swamp  lands. 

Reports  :  To  report  to  General  Assembly  manner  in  which  State 
Literary  Fund  has  been  applied  or  invested,  with  suitable  recommenda¬ 
tions,  Treasurer  to  keep  account  of  all  receipts  and  disbursements  of  the 
fund  and  report  to  General  Assembly  at  the  same  time  when  he  makes  his 
biennial  account  of  the  ordinary  revenue. 


147 


STATE  BOARD  FOR  VOCATIONAL  EDUCATION 

Art.  4,  Ch.  95,  C.  S.;  Ch.  172,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition  (4) — Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  ex  officio 
executive  officer;  three  members  appointed  by  Governor  to  represent 
Agriculture,  Home. Economics,  Trades  and  Industries,  respectively. 

Term — Four  years. 

Compensation — Not  specified. 

FUNCTION 

To  administer  the  Federal  and  State  laws  in  relation  to  vocational 
education  and  funds  appropriated  therefor;  to  formulate  plans  for 
promotion  of  vocational  education  in  the  public  school  system  and  to 
provide  for  preparation  of  teachers  in  such  subjects;  to  make  studies 
and  investigations  relating  to  such  subjects  and  to  publish  results  of 
same;  to  promote  and  aid  in  establishing  by  local  communities  of  schools, 
departments  or  classes  giving  instruction  in  such  subjects;  to  prescribe 
qualification  of  teachers,  etc.,  and  to  provide  for  certification  of  such 
teachers;  to  cooperate  in  the  maintenance  of  classes  supported  or  con¬ 
trolled  by  the  public  for  the  preparation  of  teachers,  etc.,  or  to  maintain 
own  classes;  to  cooperate  with  county  boards;  to  enforce  provisions  of 
the  law  through  the  State  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction ;  and 
to  report  annually  to  Governor  the  conditions  of  vocational  education  in 
the  State,  schools  benefited  and  detailed  statement  of  funds  received 
from  both  State  and  Federal  governments;  State  appropriation  to  match 
Federal  appropriation. 

To  provide  for  maintenance  and  vocational  rehabilitation  and  their 
return  to  civil  employment  of  persons  injured  in  industry  or  otherwise, 
who  go  into  training  under  provisions  of  the  Federal  Industrial  Rehabili¬ 
tation  Act,  by  cooperating  with  Federal  agencies;  to  administer  Federal 
and  State  appropriations;  to  pay  not  more  than  $10  for  twenty  weeks 
to  a  single  person ;  to  keep  record  ot  expenditures  and  report  annually 
i  to  Governor.  ($5,000  appropriated  by  State.) 

The  State  Treasurer  is  directed  to  act  as  custodian  of  the  funds  of 
the  Board  and  to  receive  and  disburse  same. 


148 


HISTORICAL  COMMISSION 

Art.  1-2,  Ch.  102,  C.  S. 

D.  H.  Hill,  Secretary. 

Composition — Five  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Six  years. 

C  ompensation — Actual  expenses,  not  in  excess  of  four  meetings  a  year, 
nor  for  more  than  four  days  at  each  meeting. 

FUNCTION 

To  collect,  classify,  edit,  publish  and  distribute  historical  data  regard¬ 
ing  North  Carolina;  to  care  for  proper  marking  and  preservation  of 
battlefields  and  other  places  of  historical  interest ;  to  diffuse  historical 
knowledge ;  to  stimulate  historical  investigation  and  research ;  to  preserve 
public  documents,  official  books,  original  papers,  newspaper  files,  printed 
books  or  portraits  when  surrendered  by  public  officials;  to  sell  copies  of 
same,  proceeds  to  be  used  in  promotion  of  work  of  Commission ;  to  adopt 
rules  for  its  own  government ;  to  employ  a  secretary ;  to  control  expendi¬ 
tures  of  funds  appropriated  for  its  maintenance ;  to  appoint  a  legislative 
reference  librarian. 

Reports  :  To  make  a  biennial  report  of  its  receipts  and  disburse¬ 
ments,  its  work  and  needs,  to  the  Governor,  to  be  by  him  transmitted  to 
the  General  Assembly. 

Branches  :  Legislative  Reference  Library,  in  charge  of  a  properly 
qualified  librarian,  whose  duties  are  “to  collect,  tabulate,  annotate  and 
digest  information  for  the  use  of  members  and  committees  of  the  Gen¬ 
eral  Assembly  and  other  officials  of  the  State  and  of  the  various  counties 
and  cities  included  therein,  upon  all  questions  of  State,  county  and 
municipal  legislation.” 

Information  on  a  variety  of  subjects  from  automobiles  to  workmen’s 
compensation  taken  from  a  list  of  over  1,500  headings  has  been  compiled. 
Over  10,000  books,  laivs,  pamphlets  and  clippings  have  been  gathered 
and  classified.  Effort  is  made  to  secure  information  as  to  legislation  in 
other  States. 


140 


TEXT-BOOK  COMMISSION 

Ch.  145,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition — Seven  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor  and  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruc¬ 
tion. 

T erm — Pive  years. 

Qualification — Active  Teacher,  Supervisor,  Principal  or  Superin¬ 
tendent. 

Compensation — $200  and  expenses;  Chairman  $225  and  expenses  for 
first  year;  $5  per  diem  and.  expenses  thereafter. 


FUNCTION 


To  prepare  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Superintendent  of  Public. 
Instruction,  an  outline  course  of  study  indicating  subjects  to  be  taught 
in  the  elementary  schools  of  the  State,  outlining  basal  and  supplemen¬ 
tary  books  on  each  subject  used  in  each  grade;  to  prepare  multiple  lists 
of  basal  books  selected  in  conformity  with  the  outline  course  of  study, 
from  which  lists  the  State  Board  of  Education  selects  and  adopts  the 
basal  books  for  each  subject;  and  upon  adoption  the  State  Board  may 
contract  with  publisher  to  furnish  books  for  a  period  ot  five  yeais  ox 
less ;  to  furnish  new  lists  to  board  when  requested  or  to  recommend  sub¬ 
stitutions,  with  approval  of  State  Superintendent,  where  adopted  books 
prove  unsatisfactory. 

To  elect  chairman  and  secretary  and  adopt  miles  and  regulations 
governing  its  work,  subject  to  approval  ot  State  Superintendent,  sanu 
to  be  published  in  the  daily  papers  and  copy  sent  to  all  publishers  sub¬ 
mitting  bids  and  samples  of  books  for  adoption;  to  meet  on  call  of  State 
Board  of  Education  or  independently. 


Subjects  to  be  selected  are  divided  into  two  classes : 

1.  Major  subjects — readers,  arithmetics,  language  and  grammar,  his¬ 
tory  and  geography.  .  a  , 

2.  Minor  subjects— all  other  books  on  all  other  subjects.  Supplemen¬ 
tary  books  in  the  outline  course  of  study  are  for  guidance  of  county  and 
city  boards  of  education  which  are  authorized  to  adopt  necessary  sup¬ 
plementary  books,  but  such  shall  not  replace  adopted  basal  books. 


Object  •  To  prepare,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Superintendent 
of  Public  Instruction,  an  outline  course  of  study  covering  subjects  to  be 
taught  in  the  elemeutary  public  schools;  and  to  submit  to  the  State 
Board  of  Education,  multiple  lists  of  approved  books  selected  in  con¬ 
formity  with  the  outline  course  of  study  for  its  guidance  in  adopting  the 

books  to  be  used. 


150 


STATE  COMMITTEE  ON  HIGH  SCHOOL  TEXT-BOOKS 

Sec.  5726,  Ch.  34,  C.  S. 

Composition — Live  members. 

Appointment — By  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction. 

Term — Four  years. 

C ompensation — X ecessary  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  examine  contents,  quality  and  price  of  each  book  submitted  by  the 
publisher  to  determine  whether  or  not  same  is  suitable  for  use  in  the 
public  high  schools;  to  submit  to  the  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruc¬ 
tion  every  four  years  a  report  of  its  findings  with  recommendations  as 
to  books  to  be  placed  on  the  State  approved  list,  which  list  constitutes 
the  State  adopted  list  for  a  period  of  four  years. 

The  Committee’s  list  is  subject  to  approval  of  the  Superintendent  of 
Public  Instruction,  who,  after  adopting  final  list,  contracts  with  the  pub¬ 
lishers  for  publication,  delivery,  etc.  The  county  is  the  unit  of  adoption 
for  High  School  Text-books,  such  adoptions  being  made  from  State 
approved  list  to  be  used  for  a  period  of  four  years. 


151 


LIBRARY  COMMISSION 

Art.  4,  Ch.  109,  C.  S. 

Mary  B.  Palmer,  Secretary  and  Director. 

Composition  (5) — Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  ex  officio ; 
State  Librarian  ex  officio;  two  members  appointed  by  North  Carolina 
Library  Association;  one  member  by  Governor. 

T erm — Three  years,  overlapping  terms. 

Compensation — Traveling  expenses  only. 

FUNCTION 

To  give  advice  and  assistance  to  all  libraries  of  the  State  and  to  all 
communities  proposing  to  establish  libraries,  as  to  the  best  means  of 
establishing  and  administering  such  libraries  in  the  selection  of  books, 
cataloging,  maintenance,  etc.;  to  aid  in  organizing  new  libraries;  to 
establish  and  maintain  traveling  libraries  as  may  be  practicable;  to 
receive  reports  annually  from  every  public  library  in  the  State  in  such 
form  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  commission;  to  employ  a  secretary 
trained  in  library  methods,  and  fix  compensation. 

Reports  :  To  report  biennially  to  Governor. 

Important  Activities  : 

1.  Establishment  of  Public  Libraries.  Secretary  visits  communities 
and  directs  work  of  classifying,  etc. 

2.  Reorganization  of  old  libraries.  Secretary  visits  and  advises. 

3.  Compilation  of  library  statistics,  based  on  annual  reports  received. 

4.  Publication  of  bulletin  (12-page  quarterly  magazine). 

5.  Maintenance  of  system  of  traveling  libraries  of  35-40  vol. ;  15  Fic¬ 
tion;  15  Juvenile;  10  Biography,  travel,  etc.  Also  traveling  library  for 
schools  consisting  of  juvenile. 

6.  Package  libraries :  (1)  Debate;  (2)  Farmers;  (3)  Study  Club. 

7.  General  Loan  Collection— Miscellaneous,  all  subjects  to  individuals. 


TRUSTEES,  STATE  LIBRARY 

Art.  1,  Ch.  109,  C.  S.;  Ch.  202,  P.  L.  1921. 

Carrie  L.  Broughton,  State  Librarian. 

C omposition  (3) — Governor  ex  officio ;  Superintendent  of  Public  In¬ 
struction  ex  officio;  Secretary  of  State  ex  officio. 

FUNCTION 

To  maintain  the  State  and  document  libraries;  to  make  rules  and 
regulations  by  wbick  tbe  librarian  shall  be  governed  for  the  protection 
and  preservation  of  the  books  and  library ;  to  make  suitable  distribution 
of  State-owned  books,  reports  and  publications;  to  procure,  publish  and 
sell  historical  documents  and  books,  the  Goveipior  to  designate  docu¬ 
ments  to  be  preserved ;  to  appoint  a  committee  consisting  of  State  Libra¬ 
rian,  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  three  other  persons  to 
purchase  books;  to  appoint  a  Librarian  to  serve  four  years,  and  the  lat¬ 
ter  is  authorized  to  employ  an  assistant. 

To  maintain  a  document  library  during  the  sessions  of  the  General 
Assembly;  to  keep  two  copies  each  of  the  laws  and  journals  of  the 
General  Assembly. 

Reports  :  To  report  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly. 

Volumes  in  State  Library  (1920).  Total  Volumes,  35,997 ;  total 
Government  books,  6,670;  bound  newspapers,  4,093;  bound  magazines, 
2,347. 


153 


TRUSTEES,  LAW  LIBRARY 

Art.  2,  Ch.  109,  C.  S. 

Composition  (5) — Justices  of  Supreme  Court  ex  officio. 

FUNCTION 

To  maintain  the  Law  Library  and  prescribe  rules  for  its  government. 
All  moneys  appropriated  for  its  increase  are  paid  out  under  their  di¬ 
rection  and  supervision.  May  appoint  a  librarian  who  shall  perform 
bis  duties  under  rules  and  regulations  of  trustees. 

The  Clerk  of  the  Supreme  Court,  under  direction  of  the  trustees,  is 
directed  to  spend  annually  the  amounts  paid  in  by  applicants  for  license 
to  practice  lawr,  examined  by  the  Court,  in  the  purchase  of  such  books 
as  may  be  necessary  to  keep  the  library  well  appointed  and  no  other 
appropriation  for  that  purpose  is  allowed.  He  is  also  allowed  $200 
annually  for  binding  old  books  and  for  other  contingent  purposes. 


154 


COLLEGE  COMMISSION 

(For  Regulation  of  Degrees) 

Art.  5,  Ch.  95,  C.  S. 

Composition  (5) — Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  Chairman 
ex  officio ;  four  other  members  appointed  by  Governor. 

Term — Five  years. 

Compensation — Not  specified. 

FUNCTION 

To  prescribe  and  enforce  rules  and  statute  regulating  the  conferring 
of  degrees  by  educational  institutions;  to  investigate  financial  conditions, 
equipment  and  facilities  and  standards  of  educational  institutions  ap¬ 
plying  for  authority  to  confer  degrees,  and  to  grant  licenses  to  same 
when  requirements  are  met;  to  revoke  licenses  in  failure  to  maintain 
standards,  subject  to  right  of  review  by  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court. 

The  Commission  has  full  authority  to  send  an  expert  to  any  institu¬ 
tion  for  purpose  of  examining  same.  The  authority  and  power  of  com¬ 
mission  are  applicable  only  to  educational  institutions  created  or  estab¬ 
lished  after  enactment  of  this  law,  viz.,  1919. 


155 


STATE  BOARD  OF  ACCOUNTANCY 

Ch.  116,  C.  S. 

Composition — Three  public  accountants,  one  attorney. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

T erm — Three  years,  overlapping. 

Qualification — Resident  public  accountants,  practicing  attorney. 

Compensation — $10  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  determine  the  qualifications  of  persons  applying  for  certificates 
under  the  law;  to  hold  examinations,  at  least  once  a  year;  to  grant  cer¬ 
tificates  of  qualification  to  such  applicants  as  may  upon  examination  he 
qualified  in  “theoretical”  and  “practical”  accounting,  “auditing,”  “com¬ 
mercial  law”  as  affecting  accountancy,  and  in  such  other  subjects  as  the 
Board  may  deem  advisable; 

To  charge  a  fee  of  $25  for  each  examination  and  certificate,  and  to  de¬ 
posit  surplus  annually  with  State  Treasurer  to  the  credit  of  the  General 
Fund;  to  hold  reexaminations  within  18  months  from  date  of  applica¬ 
tion  without  payment  of  additional  fee;  to  revoke  certificates  for  cause; 
to  keep  a  complete  record  of  all  its  proceedings. 

The  Board  elects  its  own  officers  and  three  members  constitute  a 

quorum. 

Reports  :  The  Board  is  required  to  submit  annually  a  full  report  to 
the  Governor. 


15G 


STATE  BOARD  OF  ARCHITECTURAL  EXAMINATION 

AND  REGISTRATION 

Ch.  86,  C.  S. 

Composition — Five  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Five  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Ten  years  practice,  residents  of  North  Carolina. 

Compensation — Fixed  by  Board  and  paid  from  fees. 

FUNCTION 

To  receive  and  register  applications  and  fees  for  examination;  to  hold 
examinations  of  such  applicants  at  least  once  each  year  and  to  issue 
upon  satisfactory  evidence  as  to  qualification  and  proficiency,  certificates 
to  practice  architecture  in  North  Carolina;  to  reexamine  applicants 
at  regular  meeting  without  payment  of  additional  fee;  to  refuse,  revoke 
or  suspend  certificates  on  cause;  to  renew  annually,  for  fee  of  $5.00, 
certificates,  and  to  prescribe  such  regulations  as  they  may  deem  necessary, 
provided  they  are  not  in  conflict  with  laws  of  North  Carolina. 

The  Board  elects  its  own  officers,  and  three  members  constitute  a 
quorum. 

» 

Reports  :  No  reports  are  required. 


157 


BOARD  OF  CHIROPODY  EXAMINERS 

Art.  11,  Ch.  110,  C.  S. 

Composition — Three  members. 

Appointment — By  North  Carolina  Pedic  Association. 
Term — Three  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — One  year’s  practice  in  North  Carolina. 
Compensation — $4.00  per  diem  and  expenses. 


FUNCTION 

To  adopt  suitable  rules  and  regulations;  to  examine  qualified  appli¬ 
cants  to  practice  chiropody  upon  payment  of  fee  of  $15.00  and  to  issue 
certificates  upon  completion  of  satisfactory  examination  and  payment 
of  additional  fee  of  $10 ;  to  issue  certificates  without  examination  under 
certain  conditions;  to  revoke  or  suspend  certificates  for  cause;  to  keep 
record  of  its  transactions  and  register  of  applicants  and  licensees;  to 
hold  at  least  one  examination  annually. 

The  Board  elects  its  own  officers,  and  two  members  constitute  a 
quorum. 

Reports  :  No  reports  are  required. 


158 


STATE  BOARD  OF  CHIROPRACTIC  EXAMINERS 

Art.  6,  Ch.  110,  C.  S. 

Composition — Three  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor  from  list  of  five  recommended  by  the 
North  Carolina  Board  of  Chiropractors  annually. 

T erm — Three  years  overlapping. 

Qualification' — Resident  practicing  chiropractor. 

Compensation — Expenses  only,  no  salary. 

FUNCTION 

To  adopt  necessary  rules  and  regulations ;  to  examine  qualified  ap¬ 
plicants  for  license  to  practice  chiropractic  upon  payment  of  fee  of 
$25,  and  to  issue  licenses  upon  completion  of  satisfactory  examination; 
to  issue  temporary  or  permanent  licenses  without  examination  under 
certain  conditions;  to  refuse  or  revoke  licenses  for  cause;  to  renew 
licenses  annually  upon  payment  of  fee  of  $2.00;  to  keep  record  of  its 
proceedings,  register  of  all  applicants,  licensees  and  renewals;  to  meet 
annually. 

The  Board  elects  its  own  officers  and  two  members  constitute  a  quorum 
for  the  transaction  of  regular  business,  but  agreement  of  the  entire 
Board  is  necessary  before  a  license  will  be  issued. 

Reports:  No  reports  are  required. 


159 


N.  C.  STATE  BOARD  OF  DENTAL  EXAMINERS 

Art.  2,  Ch.  110,  C.  S. 

Composition — Six  members. 

Appointment — Elected  by  North  Carolina  Dental  Society  and  com¬ 
missioned  by  Governor. 

Term — Three  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Members  of  Society. 

Compensation — Fixed  by  Board,  not  to  exceed  $10  per  diem  and  ex¬ 
penses. 


FUNCTION 

To  prescribe  rules  and  regulations  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  tlie 
law,  to  receive  and  record  application  and  fees  for  licenses,  to  bold  both 
written  and  clinical  examinations  upon  the  payment  of  fee  of  $20 ;  to 
issue  permanent  licenses  upon  proof  of  proficiency;  to  issue  temporary 
or  limited  licenses;  to  renew  licenses  annually  upon  fee  of  $1.00;  to  re¬ 
voke  licenses  upon  cause  and  to  keep  necessary  records  and  reports;  to 
turn  over  to  State  Treasurer  for  use  of  tlie  general  school  fund  any 
sum  in  excess  of  $500,  remaining  after  meeting  tlie  per  diem  and  other 
expenses;  four  members  of  Board  constitute  a  quorum,  and  agreement 
of  quorum  necessary  before  applicant  will  be  passed. 

The  Board  elects  its  own  officers. 

Reports  :  The  Board  is  required  to  submit  to  the  Governor  on  or 
before  February  25th  of  each  year  a  report  of  its  proceedings  and  all 
moneys  received  and  disbursed  by  it. 


160 


STATE  BOARD  OF  EMBALMERS 

Art.  12,  Ch.  110,  C.  S. 

Composition — Three  members  State  Board  of  Health ;  two  practical 
embalmers. 

Appointment - — Elected  by  State  Board  of  Health. 

Term — Five  years  overlapping. 

Compensation - — Per  diem  and  expenses  allowed,  but  amount  is  not 
stated. 


FUNCTION 

To  adopt  suitable  rules  and  by-laws  to  regulate  embalming  of  dead 
bodies;  to  examine  qualified  applicants  upon  payment  of  fee  of  $5  and 
to  issue  license  upon  satisfactory  completion  of  examination;  to  renew 
licenses  annually  upon  payment  of  fee  of  $2.00;  to  revoke  licenses  for 
cause;  to  keep  records  of  its  proceedings  and  register  of  all  applicants, 
licensees  and  renewals;  to  meet  at  least  once  each  year,  majority  of  the 
Board  constituting  a  quorum. 

The  Board  elects  its  own  officers  annually. 

Reports:  Ho  reports  are  required. 


161 


STATE  BOARD  OF  REGISTRATION  FOR  ENGINEERS 
AND  LAND  SURVEYORS 

Ch.  1,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition — Five  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Four  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Two  from  engineering  faculties  of  University  of  N.  C. 
and  A.  and  E.  College;  not  more  than  three  from  same  branch  of  engi¬ 
neering.  Resident  of  State,  practice  or  teaching  for  ten  years 

Compensation — $10  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  adopt  suitable  by-laws  and  regulations  necessary  to  carry  out  pro¬ 
visions  of  act ;  to  elect  annually  a  chairman,  vice-chairman  and  secretary, 
and  a  quorum  of  three  is  required;  to  meet  twice  a  year  or  oftener;  to 
examine,  upon  payment  of  fee  of  $25.00,  qualified  applicants  to  practice 
engineering  or  land  surveying  and  to  issue  a  certificate  of  registration  to 
those  successfully  completing  prescribed  examination;  to  renew  certifi¬ 
cate  annually  upon  payment  of  $5;  to  revoke  a  certificate  for  cause; 
to  keep  a  record  of  its  proceedings  and  a  register  of  all  applicants  and 
registrants;  to  prepare,  publish  and  distribute  annually  roster  of  regis¬ 
trants. 

Reports  :  The  Board  is  required  to  submit  to  the  Governor  annually,, 
before  March  1st,  a  report  of  its  transactions  and  statement  of  receipts 
and  expenditures. 

Secretary  :  To  receive  and  account  for  all  moneys  derived  through 
fees  and  shall  pay  them  to  the  State  Treasurer  who  shall  keep  such 
money  in  a  separate  fund,  which  shall  be  continued  from  year  to  year. 
All  certified  expenses  of  Board  shall  be  paid  out  of  this  fund  on  warrant 
of  Auditor  issued  on  requisition  signed  by  chairman  and  secretary  of 
board,  provided,  however,  that  at  no  time  shall  the  total  of  warrants 
issued  exceed  the  total  amount  of  funds  accumulated  under  this  act. 
The  secretary  is  required  to  give  bond  satisfactory  to  State  Treasurer, 
premium  to  be  paid  out  of  fund. 


11— 


162 


BOARD  OF  MEDICAL  EXAMINERS 

Art.  1,  Ch.  110,  C.  S.;  Ch.  47,  P.  L.  1921;  Ch.  44, 

P.  L.  1921 — Extra  Session. 

Composition — Seven  members. 

Appointment — By  North  Carolina  Medical  Society. 

Term — Not  specified. 

Qualification — Members  of  Medical  Society. 

Compensation — $10  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  meet  once  each  year  in  Raleigh  and  at  such  other  time  and  places 
as  may  be  advisable,  five  members  constituting  a  quorum;  to  determine 
the  qualifications  of  applicant  by  examination,  and  to  issue  a  license  or 
diploma  upon  satisfactory  proof  as  agreed  by  at  least  four  members  of 
Board;  to  grant,  as  conditions  warrant,  limited  or  permanent  licenses 
without  examination  under  provisions  of  the  law ;  to  rescind  license  upon 
cause;  to  keep  records  of  applicants  and  proceedings;  to  prescribe  such 
rules  and  regulations  as  are  not  inconsistent  or  in  conflict  with  laws. 

Each  applicant  is  required  to  pay  $7.50  upon  application  and  $7.50 
upon  passing  examination;  $50.00  is  charged  if  license  is  issued  with¬ 
out  examination.  This  applies  to  physicians  coming  into  the  State.  The 
Board  elects  its  own  officers. 

Reports;  No  reports  are  required. 


163 


STATE  BOARD  OF  EXAMINERS  IN  OPTOMETRY 

Art.  4,  Ch.  110,  C.  S. 

Composition — Five  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Five  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Five  years  practice  in  North  Carolina  and  member¬ 
ship  in  Optometric  Society  of  North  Carolina. 

C ompensation — $5  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  adopt  necessary  rules  and  regulations  for  carrying  out  provisions 
of  the  law ;  to  examine  qualified  applicants  for  licenses  to  practice 
optometry  upon  payment  of  fee  of  $10  and  a  further  fee  of  $5  if  appli¬ 
cant  passes  examination,  and  to  issue  licenses  thereupon;  and  to  renew 
same  annually  upon  payment  of  fee  of  $2 ;  to  revoke  licenses  upon 
cause  to  keep  register  of  licenses ;  to  meet  at  least  twice  annually,  a  ma¬ 
jority  constituting  a  quorum,  and  to  keep  record  of  all  proceedings.  The 
Board  elects  its  own  officers. 

Reports  :  The  Board  is  required  to  make  an  annual  report  of  its 
proceedings  to  the  Governor  on  the  first  Monday  in  January  of  each 
year  which  report  shall  contain  an  account  of  moneys  received  and  dis¬ 
bursed  by  them. 


164 


STATE  BOARD  OF  OSTEOPATHIC  EXAMINATION 
AND  REGISTRATION 

Art.  5,  Ch.  110,  C.  S. 

C omposition — Five  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor  from  list  of  ten  recommendations  by 
Society;  subsequent  appointments,  one  from  list  of  five. 

Term — Five  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Reputable  practitioners. 

Salary — $10  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  adopt  rules  for  proper  discharge  of  its  duties  as  prescribed;  to  ex¬ 
amine  qualified  applicants  for  license  to  practice  osteopathy,  and  upon 
payment  of  fee  of  $25  to  issue  certificates  after  applicants  have  passed 
satisfactory  examination;  to  issue  certificates  without  examination  under 
certain  conditions;  to  refuse  or  revoke  a  certificate  for  cause;  to  keep 
a  record  of  its  proceedings,  register  of  all  applicants  and  licenses;  to 
meet  annually  in  July  and  at  such  other  times  as  may  be  necessary. 
Three  members  of  the  Board  necessary  to  constitute  a  quorum.  The 
Board  elects  its  own  officers. 

Reports  :  No  reports  are  required. 


165 


BOARD  OF  PHARMACY 

Art.  3,  Ch.  110,  C.  S.;  Ch.  57,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition — Five  members. 

Appointment — Elected  by  North  Carolina  Pharmaceutical  Association 
and  commissioned  by  Governor. 

Term — Five  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Licensed  pharmacists  of  North  Carolina. 
Compensation — Secretary’s  salary  fixed  by  Board;  other  members, 
$10  per  diem  and  expenses. 


FUNCTION 

To  adopt  rules  and  regulations  not  inconsistent  with  laws  for  proper 
discharge  of  duties  as  prescribed;  to  examine  at  least  once  annually 
qualified  applicants  for  licenses  to  practice  pharmacy  upon  payment  of 
fee  of  $10,  and  to  issue  licenses  after  applicant  has  passed  satisfactory 
examination;  to  issue  license  without  examination  under  certain  condi¬ 
tions;  to  refuse  or  revoke  a  license  for  cause;  to  renew  licenses  annually 
upon  payment  of  a  fee  of  $5.00 ;  to  keep  record  of  its  proceedings,  regis¬ 
ter  of  all  applicants,  licensees  and  renewals;  and  to  supervise  and  en¬ 
force  law  in  relation  to  proprietary  medicines,  a  majority  of  the  Board 
required  for  transaction  of  all  business.  The  Board  elects  its  own 
officers. 

• 

Reports  :  The  Board  is  required  to  make  annually  to  the  Governor 
written  reports  of  its  proceedings  and  of  its  receipts  and  disbursements 
and  of  all  persons  licensed  to  practice  as  pharmacists  and  assistant 
pharmacists  in  this  State. 


166 


BOARD  OF  EXAMINERS  OF  TRAINED  NURSES 

Art.  7,  Ch.  110,  C.  S. 

Composition — Two  physicians;  three  registered  nurses. 

Appointment — Two  by  Medical  Society  of  North  Carolina;  three  by 
N.  C.  State  Nurses’  Association. 

T erm — Three  years  overlapping. 

C ompensation — $4  per  diem  and  expenses;  Secretary,  $250. 

FUNCTION 

To  adopt  necessary  rules  and  by-laws;  to  examine  qualified  applicants 
for  licenses  to  register  as  trained  nurses,  and  practice  their  profession 
upon  payment  of  fee  of  $10,  and  to  issue  licenses  upon  satisfactory  com¬ 
pletion  of  examination ;  to  issue  licenses  without  examination  under  cer¬ 
tain  conditions;  to  revoke  licenses  for  cause;  to  prescribe  the  duties  and 
fix  the  compensation  of  an  inspector  of  Training  Schools  for  Nurses 
appointed  by  North  Carolina  State  Nurses’  Association,  who  shall  re¬ 
port  to  the  Board;  to  meet  at  least  annually  and  oftener  as  required, 
three  members  of  the  Board,  two  of  whom  must  be  nurses,  to  constitute 
a  quorum.  The  officers  of  the  Board  are  a  president  and  a  secretary- 
treasurer,  both  elected  from  its  nurse  members. 

Repoets  :  No  reports  are  required. 


« 


167 


N.  C.  BOARD  OF  VETERINARY  MEDICAL  EXAMINERS 

Art.  10,  Ch.  110,  C.  S. 

Composition — F ive  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Five  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Member  of  North  Carolina  Veterinary  Medical  Asso¬ 
ciation. 

Compensation — $4  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  adopt  suitable  rules  and  regulations;  to  examine  qualified  appli¬ 
cants  for  license  to  practice  veterinary  medicine  or  surgery  upon  pay¬ 
ment  of  fee  of  $10;  and  to  issue  licenses  upon  satisfactory  completion 
of  examination;  to  issue  temporary  licenses  under  certain  conditions 
and  to  rescind  licenses  for  cause;  to  keep  records  of  its  proceedings  and 
register  of  all  applicants  of  licensees;  to  meet  at  least  once  a  year,  con¬ 
currence  of  majority  of  Board  being  necessary  before  licenses  may  be 
issued.  The  Board  elects  its  own  officers. 

Reports:  No  reports  are  required. 


t 


168 


ATTORNEY-GENERAL’S  DEPARTMENT 

Sec.  1,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Art.  7,  Ch.  129,  C.  S. 

Ch.  11,  P.  L.  1921. 

James  S.  Manning,  Attorney-General . 

Title — Attorney-General. 

Appointment-— Elected. 

Term — Four  years. 

Salary — $4,000  and  fees.* 

Ex  Officio  Member — State  Board  of  Education,  Board  of  Public  Build¬ 
ings,  Board  of  Pensions,  Municipal  Board  of  Control  (Chairman), 
Board  of  Parole,  Legal  Advisor  Executive  Department,  State  Board  of 
Equalization,  State  Printing  Commission. 

FUNCTION 

To  represent  the  State  in  all  actions,  civil  or  criminal,  in  which  the 
State  is  interested  or  is  a  party;  to  prosecute  and  defend  all  suits  relat¬ 
ing  to  matters  connected  with  departments  of  Governor,  State  Treasury, 
Auditor’s  office,  Corporation  Commission,  Insurance,  and  Superintend¬ 
ent  of  Public  Instruction,  and  all  institutions  on  request  of  respective 
heads;  to  consult  with  and  advise  solicitors,  when  requested,  as  regards 
their  duties;  to  render  opinions  on  questions  of  law  submitted  by  General 
Assembly,  Governor  or  any  other  State  officer;  to  act  as  legal  advisor 
to  the  Executive  Department;  to  compare  Auditor’s  warrants  with  laws 
under  which  they  purport  to  be  drawn. 

Sec.  6046,  C.  S.  To  advise  and  aid  State  Board  of  Elections  in  the 
preparation,  distribution  of  ballots,  poll-books,  and  forms  of  election 
returns. 

Secs.  3870  and  3871,  C.  S.  The  Attorney-General  shall  receive  $100  for  each  term  of  the 
Supreme  Court  which  he  shall  attend  and  the  fees  allowed  by  law.  “In  all  appeals  to  the 
Supreme  Court  of  persons  convicted  of  criminal  offenses,  a  fee  of  ten  dollars  against  each 
person  who  shall  not  reverse  the  judgment  shall  be  allowed  the  Attorney-General,  to  be 
taxed  among  the  costs  of  that  Court.’’ 


169 


COMMISSION  FOR  REVISION  OF  LAWS 

Created — Ch.  252,  P.  L.  1917;  Continued — Ch.  238,  P.  L.  1919. 

C omposition  (5) — Two  members  of  Senate;  three  members  of  House. 

Appointment — Two  by  President  of  Senate;  three  by  Speaker  of 
House. 

C ompensation — Necessary  expenses  and  salary  fixed  by  law. 

FUNCTION 

To  compile,  collate,  annotate  and  revise  tlie  public  statutes  of  North 
Carolina;  to  appoint  necessary  experts  and  assistants  and  to  fix  com¬ 
pensation  of  same;  to  publish  and  distribute  copies  of  same  upon  com¬ 
pletion;  to  report  to  the  General  Assembly. 


170 


DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE 

Sec.  17.  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Ch.  84,  C.  S.;  Ch.  25,  P.  L.  1921. 

W.  A.  Graham,  Commissioner. 

Title — Commissioner. 

Appointment— Elected  by  people;  formerly  elected  by  Board. 

Term — Four  years. 

Qualification — Practical  Farmer. 

Salary — $4,500. 

Ex  Officio  Member — Chairman  Board  of  Agriculture,  Joint  Commit¬ 
tee  for  Agricultural  Work. 


FUNCTION 

To  promote  the  Agricultural  interests  of  the  State. 

Subject  to  advice  and  consent  of  Board  of  Agriculture,  to  supervise 
and  control  commercial  fertilizers  and  fertilizer  sources;  to  investigate 
diseases  of  domestic  animals  and  ravages  of  insects  and  to  suggest  means 
of  control  and  eradication;  to  foster  new  agricultural  interests;  to  in¬ 
vestigate  the  subject  of  drainage  and  irrigation;  to  supervise  all  meas¬ 
ures  for  propagation  and  culture  of  fish  in  the  rivers  and  inland  Avaters; 
to  enforce  and  supervise  laAvs  for  sale  of  commercial  fertilizer,  seeds 
and  food  products;  to  promote  introduction  of  capital  by  dissemination 
of  information  as  to  advantage  of  State;  to  investigate  problem  of  and 
to  promote  diversified  farming;  to  bold  farmers’  institutes;  to  publish 
suitable  bulletins;  to  keep  a  museum  or  collection  to  illustrate  the  cul¬ 
tural  and  other  resources  and  the  natural  history  of  the  State;  to  con¬ 
duct  agricultural  experiment  stations  and  test  farms;  to  make  chemical 
analyses  of  soils,  products,  etc. ;  to  prepare  and  distribute  and  sell  in¬ 
oculating  cultures,  cholera  serums,  etc. ;  to  inspect  illuminating  and 
power  oils,  fluids  and  gasoline  and  collect  taxes  on  same. 

To  enforce  laws  relating  to  foods,  feeding  stuffs,  cotton-seed  meal, 
statistics  of  leaf  tobacco,  adulterated,  impure  and  misbranded  seeds,  fer¬ 
tilizers  and  other  products;  to  appoint  a  secretary  and  prescribe  his 
duties,  and  with  approval  of  Board  appoint  heads  of  divisions  and 
assistants. 

Sec.  4764,  C.  S.  To  fix  from  time  to  time  and  publish  standards  or 
limits  of  variability  of  any  article  of  food,  drugs  and  confectionary;  to 
appoint  a  drug  inspector  to  have  power  to  prescribe  rules  governing 
operation  of  pure  food  and  drug  laws,  and  to  enforce  same. 

Ch.  91,  P.  L.  1921.  To  indemnify  farmers  and  owners  for  tubercu¬ 
lous  cattle  and  glandered  horses  and  mules  slaughtered  by  order  of 
State  Veterinarian  ($5,000  appropriation). 


171 


Ch.  170,  P.  L.  1921.  To  inspect  ice-cream  plants,  creameries  and 
cheese  factories;  to  make  tests  of  butter  fats,  with  power  to  close  plants 
until  conditions  are  corrected. 

Ch.  173,  P.  L.  1921.  To  inspect  bakeries  and  make  examinations  as 
to  purity,  etc.,  of  product  with  power  to  close  plants  until  conditions 
are  corrected. 

Ch.  177,  *P.  L.  1921.  To  quarantine  tuberculous  cattle  and  have  same 
disposed  of  under  rules  of  Department;  to  regulate  the  use  and  sale  of 
tuberculin  and  to  assist  in  control  and  eradication  of  tuberculosis.  To 
test  animals  for  tuberculosis  and  glanders. 

Ch.  235,  P.  L.  1921.  To  enforce  the  State  seed  law  with  respect  to 
taxes,  branding  and  standards  of  purity  and  viability. 

Reports  :  To  report  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly  regarding 
the  operations  of  Department  with  suggestions  as  to  needed  legislation. 


172 


BOARD  OF  AGRICULTURE 

Sec.  17,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Ch.  84,  C.  S.;  Ch.  137,  P.  L.  1921; 

Ch.  28,  P.  L.  19  21 — Extra  Session. 

Composition  (11) — Ten  members,  Commissioner  of  Agriculture, 
Chairman. 

Appointment — Ten  by  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate;  one  elected. 

Term — Six  years;  Chairman  four  years. 

Qualification — Practical  farmers. 

Compensation- — $5  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  advise  the  Commissioner  of  Agriculture  as  to  his  statutory  duties; 
to  elect  from  its  members  an  executive  committee  of  four  of  which 
the  Commissioner  shall  be  ex  officio  a  member  and  chairman,  and  a 
finance  committee  of  five  and  prescribe  their  duties ;  Committees  to  meet 
on  call  of  Commissioner;  to  have  general  supervision  and  control  of 
finances  of  Department  and  to  regulate  salaries  of  all  officers  and  em¬ 
ployees  where  same  are  not  fixed  by  law;  to  administer  State  warehouse 
system;  to  organize  a  Boys’  Road  Patrol  among  rural  schools  of  State; 
to  lease  or  buy  limestone  and  oyster  shells,  erect  machinery  and  prepare 
and  sell  at  reasonable  cost  pulverized  limestone  and  marl  to  farmers; 
to  prescribe  regulations  governing  same  and  report  annually  to  Gover¬ 
nor  of  receipts  and  expenditures.  The  Board  is  required  to  hold  at  least 
two  meetings  annually,  one  of  which  must  be  held  in  December. 

State  Warehouse  System  :  To  maintain  a  cotton  warehouse  system, 
administered  through  a  State  warehouse  Superintendent  to  stabilize 'and 
encourage  cotton  industry;  to  make  suitable  rules  and  regulations  to  en¬ 
force  law;  to  fix  charges  for  storing  cotton  in  local  warehouses;  to  im¬ 
pose  a  tax  of  25c.  on  each  bale  of  cotton  ginned  up  to  June  30,  1922, 
to  be  collected  by  Commissioner  of  Revenue,  and  90  per  cent  of  the  total 
receipts  from  this  source  to  be  invested  in  first  mortgages  to  aid  and 
encourage  the  establishment  of  warehouses  operating  under  this  system. 

State  Warehouse  Superintendent:  To  have  power  to  lease  property 
for  warehousing  of  cotton  and  encourage  erection  of  warehouses  in  the 
various  cotton-growing  counties  under  terms  of  this  act;  to  provide  an 
adequate  system  of  inspection,  rules,  forms  and  reports  to  insure  security ; 
to  supervise  local  warehouses  in  general  and  to  issue  receipts  for  cotton 
classified  and  stored,  through  local  warehouse  managers. 

Reports:  To  make  an  annual  report  to  Governor  of  its  work  and  all 
receipts  and  expenditures  and  objects  for  which  expended. 


173 


JOINT  COMMITTEE  FOR  AGRICULTURAL  WORK 

Part  3,  Art.  1,  Ch:  84,  C.  S.;  Art.  7,  Ch.  93,  C.  S. 

Composition  (11) — Governor,  Chairman;  Commissioner  of  Agricul¬ 
ture,  President  State  A.  and  E.  College,  ex  officio  members;  four  members 
Board  of  Agriculture  designated  by  Board,  four  members  Board  of 
Trustees  A.  and  E.  College  designated  by  Board. 

FUNCTION 

To  have  supervision  and  control  of  such  agricultural  work  of  the 
same  kind  or  kinds  performed  or  may  be  performed  by  the  Department 
of  Agriculture  and  State  College  of  Agriculture  and  Engineering,  or  any 
other  work  which  these  two  agencies  may  agree  to  place  under  the  Joint 
Committee;  to  have  supervision  and  control  of  all  experimental  and 
investigational  work  in  agriculture  in  the  State;  to  appoint  within  the 
division  of  markets  and  rural  cooperation  a  superintendent  of  coopera¬ 
tive  associations  and  credit  unions,  and  such  assistants  as  may  be  neces¬ 
sary,  and  fix  their  salaries;  and  to  employ  such  other  workers  as  may 
be  required  for  the  conduct  of  the  work  and  regulate  their  salaries  and 
duties. 

Superintendent  of  Cooperative  Associations  and  Credit  Unions: 
To  organize  and  conduct  a  bureau  of  information  in  regard  to  coopera¬ 
tive  associations  and  rural  credits;  to  promote  the  establishing  of  such 
agencies  through  educational  campaigns  and  personal  advice  and  assist¬ 
ance;  to  examine  at  least  once  a  year  organizations  so  formed. 

Object:  To  prevent  duplication  and  friction  and  to  increase  the 
efficiency  of  related  agricultural  work  performed  by  the  State  Depart¬ 
ment  of  Agriculture  and  State  College  of  Agriculture  and  Engineering. 


174 


CROP  PEST  COMMISSION 

Art.  16,  Ch.  84,  C.  S. 

Composition  (11) — Board  of  Agriculture  ex  officio. 

FUNCTION 

To  prepare  aud  publish  from  time  to  time  list  of  dangerous  crop  pests, 
methods  of  extermination,  repression  and  prevention  of  spread ;  to  adopt 
regulations  for  prevention  of  introduction  of  dangerous  crop  pests  from 
without  the  State  and  for  governing  common  carriers  in  transporting 
plants  liable  to  harbor  such  pests  to  and  from  the  State,  such  regula¬ 
tions  having  the  force  of  law;  to  investigate  and  inspect  premises  sus¬ 
pected  of  being  infected,  and  where  found  may  remove  pest  or  have 
same  removed  by  owner,  costs  either  case  to  be  borne  by  owner. 


175 


STATE  STANDARD  KEEPER 

Art.  2,  Ch.  133,  C.’  S. 

Title — State  Standard  Keeper. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Not  specified. 

Compensation — $100  per  annum. 

FUNCTION 

To  take  care  of  the  balances,  weights  and  measures  and  perform  the 
duties  relating  to  weights  and  measures  hitherto  imposed  on  the  Gov¬ 
ernor,  and  such  other  duties  as  the  Governor  may  prescribe;  to  procure 
and  furnish  at  prime  cost,  under  direction  of  the  Governor,  to  any  of 
the  counties  upon  an  order  from  board  of  county  commissioners,  any 
of  the  standard  sealed  weights  and  measures  required  by  law  to  be 
kept;  to  contract  for  manufacture  of  plain  sealed  weights  substantially 
made  of  iron,  steel  or  brass,  as  the  county  ordering  may  direct,  standard 
yard  sticks,  gauge  sticks,  etc.,  dry  and  liquid  sealed  measures;  to  keep 
an  account  of  all  weights  and  measures  delivered  by  him,  and  expenses 
incurred  by  him  in  the  purchase  of  said  weights  and  measures,  subject 
to  the  inspection  of  the  State  Treasurer  and  the  General  Assembly. 


176 


STATE  BOARD  OF  HEALTH 

Ch.  118,  C.  S.,  Ch.  130,  P.  L.  1921. 

W.  S.  Rankin,  State  Health  Officer,  and  Secretary  of  the  Board. 

Composition — Nine  members. 

Appointment- — Four  members  elected  by  Medical  Society  of  North 
Carolina;  five  appointed  by  Governor. 

Term — Six  years. 

Qualification — One  to  be  sanitary  engineer. 

Compensation — Board  members,  $4  per  diem  and  expenses;  Secretary, 
$5,000. 

FUNCTION 

To  enforce  the  public  health  laws  of  the  State;  to  formulate  health 
policies  and  secure  remedial  or  necessary  legislation ;  to  educate  the  pub¬ 
lic  in  matters  of  health,  to  direct  and  supervise  the  State  Sanatorium 
for  Tuberculosis. 

To  take  cognizance  of  the  health  interests  of  the  people;  to  make  sani¬ 
tary  investigations;  to  investigate  causes  of  diseases  dangerous  to  the 
public  health,  especially  epidemics;  also  the  sources  of  mortality,  and 
the  effect  of  location,  employment  and  conditions  upon  the  public  health ; 
to  gather  and  distribute  such  information ;  to  act  as  the  medical  advisors 
of  the  State  and  advise  the  government  in  regard  to  the  location,  sani¬ 
tary  construction  and  management  of  all  State  Institutions  and  to  in¬ 
spect  same  not  less  than  once  a  year ;  to  maintain  a  State  Laboratory  of 
Hygiene;  to  make  examinations  for  the  presence  and  diagnosis  of  com¬ 
municable  diseases;  to  prepare  and  distribute  antitoxins,  serums,  etc.; 
to  make  monthly  examination  of  all  potable  waters;  to  investigate  water 
sheds,  systems  of  water  supply,  sewerage  and  to  approve  plans  for  same ; 
to  supervise  registration  of  births  and  deaths,  Secretary  being  State 
Registrar;  to  control  privy  construction  and  use;  to  conduct  pre-natal 
wrork  and  child  hygiene;  to  publish  bulletins,  rules  and  regulations. 

To  elect  a  President  from  its  membership  and  an  executive  committee 
consisting  of  President  and  two  other  members;  to  meet  annually;  special 
sessions  and  meetings  of  executive  committee  called  by  President  through 
the  Secretary. 

The  Board  elects  from  the  registered  physicians  of  the  State,  a  secre¬ 
tary-treasurer  for  a  term  of  six  years.  He  is  the  executive  officer  of  the 
Board,  and  is  also  designated  by  law  as  the  State  Health  officer. 

Bureaus  :  Executive,  Engineering  and  Inspection,  Epidemiology, 
School  Medical  Inspection,  Maternity  and  Infancy,  County  Health 
Work,  Venereal  Diseases,  Vital  Statistics,  State  Laboratory  of  Hygiene. 
(Art.  2,  Ch.  118,  C.  S.)  Tuberculosis  Sanatorium  (Art.  13,  Ch.  318, 
C.  S.) 


177 


QUARANTINE  BOARD 

.  Art.  18,  Ch.  118,  C.  S. 

Composition  (3) — Medical  Quarantine  Officer;  two  other  members. 

Appointment — One  by  Governor;  two  by  President  State  Board  of 
Health. 

Term — Not  specified. 

Qualification — Physician  of  experience;  resident  physicians  of  Wil¬ 
mington. 

Salary — Medical  Quarantine  Officer,  $600;  others,  $100. 

FUNCTION 

To  direct  North  Carolina  station  for  maritime  quarantine  at  Cape 
Fear  and  to  prescribe  rules  and  regulations  necessary  for  its  government 
and  maintenance;  to  provide  relief  and  hospital  attention  for  incoming 
passengers  suffering  from  infectious  diseases;  to  disinfect  vessels;  to 
elect  its  own  officers;  to  meet  annually  on  first  Monday  in  May  and  on 
call  of  President;  to  revise  quarantine  rules  and  regulations;  to  expend 
funds  received  as  provided  by  law. 

Medical  Quarantine  Officer  :  To  prescribe  rules  and  regulations  to 
which  vessels  subject  to  quarantine  shall  conform;  to  employ  a  crew  of 
four  men  to  man  boat  at  such  seasons  as  quarantine  regulations  are  in 
force  or  when  public  health  requires  it;  to  collect  fees  from  vessels 
visited  and  inspected  ($5  to  $15,  depending  upon  tonnage),  and  to  ac¬ 
count  for  same  as  prescribed  by  law ;  to  issue  warrants  to  sheriff  or  other 
officer  for  arrest  of  any  person  violating  quarantine. 


—12 


178 


DEPARTMENT  OF  REVENUE 

Ch.  34,  P.  L.  1921;  Ch.  38,  P.  L.  1921;  Ch,  40,  P.  L.  1921. 

R.  A.  Doughton,  Commissioner. 

Title — Commissioner  of  Revenue. 

Appointment — By  Governor;  after  1924,  to  be  elected  as  are  other 
State  officers. 

Term — Four  years. 

Salary — $5,500  and  traveling  expenses. 

Ex  Officio  M ember — State  Board  of  Equalization. 

FUNCTION 

To  have  general  supervision  of  the  system  of  taxation  throughout  the 
State;  to  have  and  exercise  general  supervision  over  the  administration 
of  all  assessment  and  tax  laws,  over  all  county,  township  and  city  tax 
assessors,  and  boards  of  equalization ;  to  direct,  supervise  and  enforce 
collection  of  income  taxes  of  persons,  corporations  and  unincorporated 
businesses;  to  supervise  the  enforcement  of  the  Inheritance  Tax  Act,  and 
to  make  suitable  rules  for  the  just  administration  thereof;  and  to  en¬ 
force  such  other  provisions  of  tax  laws  and  collect  such  taxes  as  are  pre¬ 
scribed  by  statute. 

To  keep  necessary  accounting  and  other  records;  to  pay  State  Treas¬ 
urer  all  moneys  received ;  to  appoint  necessary  assistants  and  fix  their 
compensation ;  to  prepare  and  have  introduced  remedial  tax  legislation ; 
to  make  annual  report  to  Governor  of  the  Department’s  activities  and 
recommendations  as  to  present  and  proposed  forms  of  taxation. 

The  Commissioner  of  Revenue  replaces  the  State  Tax  Commission, 
most  of  whose  functions  were  abolished  with  the  creation  of  the  Income 
Tax  Law. 


179 


STATE  BOARD  OF  EQUALIZATION 

Art.  4,  Ch.  131,  C.  S.;  Ch.  40,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition  (3) — Commissioner  of  Revenue,  Chairman;  Chairman 
Corporation  Commission,  Attorney-General,  members  ex  officio. 

FUNCTION 

To  hear  and  determine  appeals  from  valuation  of  property  by  assess¬ 
ing  officers  in  the  several  counties,  and  to  order  county  boards  of  equali¬ 
zation  to  raise  or  lower  assessments  that  they  may  be  relatively  just  and 
uniform.  To  meet  on  call  of  the  Revenue  Commissioner. 


180 


GEOLOGICAL  BOARD 

Ch.  85,  C.  S.;  Ch.  101  C.  S. 

Composition  (5) — Governor,  Chairman  ex  officio;  four  other  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate;  State  Geologist, 
by  Governor,  to  serve  at  his  pleasure. 

Term — Four  years  overlapping. 

Compensation — $4  per  diem  not  exceeding  eight  days  annually  and 
necessary  traveling  expenses;  salary  of  State  Geologist  fixed  by  Board. 

FUNCTION 

To  examine  mineral,  forestry,  fishery  and  other  natural  resources  of 
the  State,  geological  formations;  road-building  materials;  to  examine 
and  classify  soils,  forests  and  other  physical  features  of  State;  examina¬ 
tion  of  streams  and  water  powers  with  special  reference  to  development 
and  preservation  of  sources  through  protection  of  forests;  to  consider 
other  economic  and  scientific  problems;  to  prepare  suitable  reports, 
maps  and  illustrations ;  to  cooperate  with  boards  of  county  commissioners 
in  protection  against  forest  fires  (Ch.  26,  P.  L.  1921),  also  in  making 
surveys  of  natural  resources  of  county  (Ch.  208,  P.  L.  1921).  The  Board 
is  required  to  meet  not  less  than  twice  a  year. 

To  cooperate  with  Federal  Power  Commission  and  Corporation  Com¬ 
mission  regarding  water-power  development  and  location  of  sites  (Ch. 
138  P.  L.  1921) ;  to  investigate  the  location  and  development  of  mineral 
properties ;  to  advise  with  township  and  county  authorities  in  the  building 
and  improvement  of  public  roads  by  sending  a  competent  road  engineer 
to  assist  them  in  locating  roads,  advise  as  to  type  and  construction  of 
roads;  to  take  over  powers  and  functions  of  Mt.  Mitchell  Park  Commis¬ 
sion;  to  develop  State  parks  from  fees  and  other  revenue  collected  from 
leasing  buildings  and  camp  sites,  amusement  privileges,  etc. ;  to  prevent 
and  control  forest  fires;  to  purchase  lands  and  sell  timber,  minerals,  etc. 

State  Geologist  :  To  conduct  under  supervision  of  the  Board,  a 
geological  and  economic  survey  of  the  State ;  to  make  inquiries  in  regard 
to  systems  of  road  building  and  management  elsewhere;  to  make  investi¬ 
gations  and  experiments  of  road  building  materials  and  methods  of  road 
making,  and  to  disseminate  such  knowledge  through  lectures,  bulletins 
and  reports;  to  appoint  with  approval  of  Board,  all  assistants  and  ex¬ 
perts;  to  designate  engineer,  attorney,  forester  and  soil  expert  to  in¬ 
vestigate  proposed  agricultural  development  districts  (Sec.  4963,  C.  S.). 

State  Forester:  The  Forester  of  the  Survey,  appointed  by  Board, 
is  ex  officio  State  Forest  Warden,  who  may  appoint  one  or  more  forest 
wardens  in  townships,  and  have  supervision  and  instruction  of  same;  to 
issue  regulations  and  enforce  laws  regulating  forest  fires;  to  supervise 


181 


fire  patrols  and  other  duties  of  the  local  wardens  (Art.  5,  Cli.  101,  C.  S.), 
prevent  and  extinguish  fires,  etc. 

Reports  :  The  Board  submits  biennial  reports  to  the  General  As¬ 
sembly,  showing  progress  and  expenditures  of  the  Survey,  also  other  re¬ 
ports,  bulletins,  etc.,  for  public  distribution. 

Object:  To  survey  and  report  the  natural  resources  of  the  State; 
to  develop,  protect  and  conserve  water  powers,  forests,  fisheries,  min¬ 
erals,  soils  and  public  roads;  to  cooperate  with  Federal,  State  and  local 
agencies  in  the  promotion  of  same;  to  have  supervision  of  drainage 
districts  organized  under  the  North  Carolina  Drainage  Law. 


182 


FISHERIES  COMMISSION  BOARD 

Ch.  37,  C.  S.;  Ch.  42,  P.  L.  1921 — Extra  Session. 

John  A.  Nelson,  Fisheries  Commissioner. 

C omposition — Five  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Four  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Three  from  fishing  districts;  knowledge  of  industry; 
one  member  minority  party. 

Compensation — Chairman  $300  a  year  and  expenses;  others  $5  per 
diem  and  expenses. 


FUNCTION 

To  appoint  a  Fisheries  Commissioner  and  fix  his  compensation;  to 
regulate,  prohibit  or  restrict  in  time,  place,  character  or  dimensions  the 
use  of  nets,  appliances,  apparatus,  or  means  employed  in  taking  or  kill¬ 
ing  fish;  to  regulate  seasons  of  fishing  for  various  species,  and  to  pre¬ 
scribe  and  publish  the  minimum  sizes  which  may  be  taken,  bought  or 
sold;  to  regulate  the  shipping  of  fish,  oysters  and  other  water  products; 
and  to  otherwise  enforce  the  laws  relating  to  fish  and  fisheries. 

Fisheries  Commissioner:  Executive  officer  of  and  responsible  to  the 
Board.  Term  of  four  years;  to  appoint  two  assistant  commissioners 
and  other  employees  with  consent  of  Board,  and  prescribe  their  duties; 
to  appoint  county  inspectors,  with  consent  of  Board,  who  shall  assist 
the  commissioner  as  required  (salary  $3  per  diem  and  expenses)  ;  to  pur¬ 
chase  or  rent  necessary  boats,  nets  and  other  equipment;  to  make  neces¬ 
sary  rules  and  regulations;  to  investigate  violations  and  prosecute  offen¬ 
ders;  to  collect  or  compile  statistics  of  the  fishing  industry;  to  investigate 
and  study  habits,  etc.,  of  fish  and  shell-fish ;  to  have  surveyed  and  marked 
restricted  areas  of  water;  to  prepare  maps  showing  location  of  fixed 
apparatus  employed  during  fishing  season  ;>  to  issue  commercial  fishing 
licenses,  leases  of  bottoms  for  oyster  or  clam  cultivation,  and  to  collect 
such  licenses,  taxes,  fees,  rentals,  etc.,  and  turn  same  over  to  State  Treas¬ 
urer  monthly;  to  make  semiannual  reports  to  Board. 

Reports:  To  submit  to  each  legislature  a  report  showing  the  opera¬ 
tions,  collections  and  expenditures  of  the  Board ;  to  publish  other  reports 
with  illustrations  and  maps,  results  of  its  work  and  investigations. 


183 


AUDUBON  SOCIETY 

Part  2,  Art.  1,  Ch.  38,  C.  S. 

Miss  Placide  H.  Underwood,  Secretary. 

FUNCTION 

To  secure  the  enactment  and  enforcement  of  laws  for  the  preservation 
of  birds  and  game  of  the  State;  to  designate  for  appointment  by  the 
Governor,  county  bird  and  game  wardens  for  such  counties  as  come  un¬ 
der  its  jurisdiction,  and  to  prescribe  their  duties  and  fix  compensation ; 
to  receive  fees  for  all  non-resident  hunters’  licenses  through  the  State 
Treasurer  issued  by  clerk  of  Superior  Court  in  specified  counties,  and 
to  revoke  such  licenses  for  cause;  to  issue  certificates  to  suitable  persons 
to  collect  bird  nests  and  eggs  for  scientific  purposes;  to  promote  the  study 
of  birds;  to  stimulate  instruction  of  children  by  parents  and  teachers; 
to  arouse  public  sentiment  against  destruction  of  wild  birds  and  their 
eggs;  to  prepare  and  distribute  literature  upon  such  subjects;  to  raise 
funds  necessary  to  carry  out  purposes  of  Society  and  to  defray  expenses. 

Reports  :  To  make  an  annual  report  to  the  Governor  of  the  receipts 
and  expenditures  of  the  Society  for  the  year. 

Note:  The  Audubon  Society  of  North  Carolina  was  created  a  body 
politic  and  corporate  in  1903,  with  eight  directors  or  trustees,  officers 
consisting  of  a  president,  vice-president,  secretary  and  treasurer.  1  he 
treasurer  is  designated  by  Society  and  commissioned  by  Governor. 

At  the  present  time  thirty-two  counties  and  sixty-one  game  wardens 
are  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Society;  a  bill  for  the  enactment  of  a 
State-wide  game  commission  to  take  over  the  enforcement  work  of  the 
Society  was  introduced  in  1917,  by  Senator  Nelly,  Chairman  of  Senate 
Committee  on  game.  So  many  amendments  were  offered  particularly 
aimed  at  exemption  of  certain  counties  from  its  provisions,  that  it  was 
finally  tabled  after  much  debate. 

In  counties  not  under  Society’s  jurisdiction,  game  laws  are  enforced 
by  the  county  commissioners  who  constitute  county  game  protection  com¬ 
missions.  They  appoint  local  game  wardens. 


1S4 


DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR  AND  PRINTING 

Arts.  1,  2,  Ch.  120,  C.  S.;  Art.  2,  Ch.  112,  C.  S.;  Chs.  25,  131,  P.  L.  1921. 

M.  L.  Shipman,  Commissioner. 

Title — Commissioner. 

A  p  point  ment — Elect  ed . 

T erm — E our  years. 

S  alary — $ 4,500. 

Ex  officio  member — Printing  Commission. 

FUNCTION 

To  collect  and  collate  information  and  statistics  concerning: 

1.  Labor  and  its  relation  to  capital,  hours  of  labor,  earnings  of  labor¬ 
ers,  and  their  educational,  moral  and  financial  condition,  and  means  of 
promoting  their  welfare. 

2.  Various  mining,  milling  and  manufacturing  industries  of  State, 
location,  capacity  and  output,  raw  materials  and  capital  invested. 

3.  Location,  estimated  and  actual  horse-power  and  condition  of  valu¬ 
able  water  powers,  developed  and  undeveloped  in  this  State. 

4.  Farm  lands  and  farming,  kinds,  character  and  quantity  of  annual 
farm  products  in  this  State. 

5.  Truck  gardening  and  dairying. 

6.  Timber  lands  and  timber. 

7.  Other  information  affecting  agricultural  and  industrial  welfare  of 
the  State. 

To  perform  the  duties  of  mine  inspector  for  the  State;  to  act  as  State 
Director  for  U.  S.  Employment  Service;  to  supervise,  in  conjunction 
with  printing  commission,  all  State  printing;  to  appoint  an  assistant 
commissioner  who  is  a  practical  printer,  to  take  charge  of  State  printing 
under  his  direction. 

Free  Employment  Service:  To  maintain  a  free  employment  bureau 
in  the  Department,  to  establish  and  conduct  free  employment  offices 
in  the  State;  to  extend  vocational  guidance  to  minors  seeking  employ¬ 
ment;  to  cooperate  with  Federal,  municipal  and  other  agencies  in  em¬ 
ployment,  rehabilitation  and  Americanization  problems. 

State  Printing  :  To  carefully  examine  all  printing  and  binding  done 
for  the  State  or  any  Department  thereof,  by  the  public  printers,  and  to 
certify  that  same  meets  required  standards  and  that  the  accounts  ren¬ 
dered  by  the  public  printer  are  accurate  and  just.  Such  accounts  shall 
not  be  approved  by  the  Commissioner  nor  audited  by  the  State  oftener 
than  forty-eight  times  a  year ;  to  purchase  for  use  of  the  State,  the  paper 
and  stationery  used  for  public  printing. 


1S5 


Mine  Inspection  :  To  examine  all  the  mines  in  the  State  as  often  as 
possible  to  see  that  the  provisions  of  law  are  strictly  observed  and  carried 
out;  to  employ  counsel  and  to  prosecute  violations;  to  examine  particu¬ 
larly  the  works  and  machinery  belonging  to  any  mine;  to  examine  con¬ 
dition  of  mines  as  to  ventilation,  drainage,  and  general  security;  to  in¬ 
vestigate  deaths  by  accidents;  to  keep  a  record  of  all  examinations  and 
all  data  affecting  mining  industry  in  this  State. 

Reports  :  To  publish  and  distribute  biennially  a  statistical  report 
covering  the  Department’s  activities  and  research,  also  an  annual  report 
to  the  Governor  on  mines  and  mining  industry. 


186 


BOARD  OF  COMMISSIONERS  OF  NAVIGATION 

AND  PILOTAGE 

Ch.  79,  P.  L.  1921. 

C omposition — Five  members. 

Appointment — By  Governor;  vacancies  filled  by  Board. 

T erm — F our  years. 

Qualification — Four  to  be  residents  of  New  Hanover  County;  none 
to  be  licensed  pilots. 


FUNCTION 

To  make  and  enforce  rules  regulating  pilotage  service  and  other 
matters  relating  to  the  navigation  of  waters  from  seven  miles  above 
Negro-Head  Point  downwards  and  out  of  the  bar  and  inlets. 

To  appoint  annually  a  harbor  master  for  the  Port  of  Wilmington;  to 
appoint  a  clerk  who  shall  record  all  the  rules,  orders  and  proceedings 
of  the  Board ;  to  examine  or  cause  to  be  examined  applicants  as  pilots 
for  Cape  Fear  River  and  bar,  and  to  license  those  approved;  to  renew 
licenses  annually  upon  payment  of  fee  of  $5,  and  to  revoke  licenses  for 
cause;  to  make  and  enforce  rules  relating  to  pilots’  apprentices;  to  or¬ 
ganize  pilots  licensed  by  board  into  a  mutual  association  each  member  to 
pay  two  per  cent  of  each  pilotage  fee  for  expenses  of  board,  surplus  to  be 
placed  in  fund  for  benefit  of  widows  and  orphans  of  deceased  pilots;  to 
issue  permits  to  run  regularly  as  pilots  of  steamers  plying  between  Wil¬ 
mington  and  other  U.  S.  ports;  to  retire  pilots  and  to  provide  compensa¬ 
tion  under  suitable  rules;  to  exercise  jurisdiction  over  disputes  as  to 
pilotage  and  between  pilots. 

Pilotage:  Fees  fixed  by  law — two  classes;  (1)  Sea  to  Southport  and 
vice  versa;  (2)  Southport  to  Wilmington  and  vice  versa.  Fees  are  based 
on  ship’s  draught,  6'  to  30'  and  vary  in  class  1  from  $10.76  to  $267.66, 
and  in  class  2  from  $6.46  to  $163.36.  The  first  pilot  speaking  a  vessel 
is  entitled  to  pilotage  fees. 

Licenses:  Two  classes  (1)  Apprentice,  require  three  years  service — 
license  covers  vessel  not  exceeding  15'  draught.  Age  limitations  21-25 
years;  (2)  Unlimited  license — 1  year’s  service  under  class  1  license. 

Harbor  Master:  To  keep  channel-way  clear;  to  berth  vessels  at  ap¬ 
propriate  docks;  to  collect  fees  ($3  to  $10)  from  incoming  vessels;  to  ar¬ 
rest  violators. 

Object  :  To  promote  the  efficiency  of  pilotage  service  and  to  protect 
and  promote  the  commerce  of  the  port  of  Wilmington  and  the  State  of 
North  Carolina. 


187 


CORPORATION  COMMISSION 

Ch.  21,  C.  S.;  Art.  14,  Ch.  56,  C.  S.;  Secs.  63-89,  Ch.  4,  P.  L.  1921- 
Chs.  25,  126,  P.  L.  1921;  Sec.  7,  Ch.  40,  P.  L.  1921. 

W.  T.  Lee,  Chairman. 

Composition  (3) — Three  Commissioners. 

Appointment — Elected. 

Term — Six  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Must  not  own  any  stocks  or  bonds  of  or  be  interested 
in  any  public-service  corporation. 

Salary — $4,500  and  expenses  as  members  of  Corporation  Commission ; 
also  $500  additional  salary  as  State  Banking  Commissioners. 


FUNCTION 


To  make  and  enforce  suitable  rules,  orders  and  regulations  for  the 
safety,  comfort  and  convenience  of  passengers,  shippers  or  patrons  of 
any  public-service  corporation  doing  business  in  the  State  of  North 
Carolina,  two  members  of  the  Commission  constituting  a  quorum ;  to 
make  inspections  of  equipment  and  facilities  and  to  require  repair  or 
installation  and  maintenance  of  improved  devices  or  methods;  to  investi¬ 
gate  from  time  to  time  corporations  under  its  control  to  see  that  its  rules 
are  being  enforced ;  to  sit  as  a  Court  of  Record  and  bear  and  determine 
controversies  submitted ;  to  fix,  regulate  and  revise  rates,  charges  and 
tariffs;  to  employ  by  and  with  consent  of  Governor,  expert  assistance 
in  the  examination  and  preparation  of  all  cases  beard  by  the  Commis¬ 
sion  for  the  purpose  of  regulating  rates  for  intrastate  service;  to  appoint 
a  clerk  and  other  employees  and  fix  their  compensation. 

To  supervise  and  examine  public  and  private  banks,  loan  and  trust 
companies  or  corporations ;  to  appoint  a  Chief  State  Bank  Examiner, 
State  bank  examiners,  and  other  employees  and  fix  their  compensation ; 
to  submit  annual  reports  to  the  Governor  of  all  its  transactions  vitli 
recommendations  as  to  remedial  legislation. 


Chairman;  To  perform  the  duties  and  exercise  the  powers  of  the 
Commission  in  relation  to  banks  and  building  and  loan  associations.  1  lie 
chairman  is  ex  officio  a  member  of  the  Municipal  Board  of  Control  and 
•  the  State  Board  of  Equalization. 

Clerk:  The  Clerk  of  the  Commission  is  required  to  be  an  expert 
accountant,  experienced  in  railroad  statistics  and  transpoi tation  latos. 
Term  of  office  two  years.  May  hold  stock  in  State  or  National  Banks. 


Classes  of  Corporations  Under  Control  of  Commission. 


1.  Common  Carriers.— Railroads,  street  railways, 
express,  sleeping  car. 


steamboat, 


canal, 


188 


2.  Telegraph  and  telephone  companies. 

3.  Private  electric  light,  power,  water  and  gas  companies. 

4.  Water  power,  hydro-electric,  water  companies. 

5.  Flume  companies,  which  avail  themselves  of  the  power  of  eminent 
domain. 

6.  Private  sewerage  companies. 

7.  Public  and  private  banks,  loans  and  trust  companies  and  corpora¬ 
tions. 

Object  :  To  have  general  control  and  regulation  of  all  public  utili¬ 
ties  corporations,  State  banks,  loan  and  trust  companies  doing  business  in 
this  State,  in  respect  to  tariffs,  rates,  charges,  service  and  facilities. 


189 


STATE  HIGHWAY  COMMISSION 

Ch.  2,  P.  L.  1921. 

Frank  Page,  State  Highway  Commissioner. 

Composition  (10) — Chairman,  State  Highway  Commissioner;  nine 
commissioners. 

Appointment — By  Governor,  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Chairman,  six  years;  other  members,  six  years,  overlapping. 
Qualification — Chairman,  practical  business  man  from  State  at  large; 
members,  one  from  each  highway  district,  three  of  minority  party. 

Compensation — Chairman,  $5,500  and  expenses;  other  members,  $10 
per  diem  and  expenses. 


FUNCTION 

To  supervise  and  control  the  location,  construction  and  maintenance 
of  the  State  Highway  system;  to  meet  the  requirements  of  Federal  aid 
acts;  and  to  administer  and  enforce  other  provisions  of  the  State  High¬ 
way  Act. 

To  keep  records  of  proceedings  and  adopt  rules  governing  transactions 
and  enforcement  of  law;  to  appoint  a  State  highway  engineer  (4  year 
term)  and  other  employees,  fix  their  salaries  and  prescribe  their  duties; 
to  meet  quarterly,  or  oftener  on  call  of  Commissioner  or  of  five  members, 
the  Highway  Commissioner  to  devote  entire  time  to  the  work  of  the 
Commission  and  to  he  vested  with  power  of  Commission  when  same  is 
not  in  session. 

To  designate  and  map  the  roads  comprising  the  State  Highway  Sys¬ 
tem,  not  to  exceed  5,500  miles  and  to  publish  same;  to  alter  or  re-locate 
same  subsequent  to  public  hearing  or  on  its  own  volition ;  to  let  all  con¬ 
tracts  for  construction. 

To  take  over  and  control  existing  county  or  township  roads  constitut¬ 
ing  part  of  system;  to  provide  for  necessary  road  materials;  to  enforce 
by  mandamus  its  legal  rights. 

To  regulate  use  of  State  highways  and  to  police  traffic  thereon;  to 
establish  a  traffic  census  to  secure  information  concerning  use,  cost,  value, 
importance  and  necessity  of  roads  forming  a  part  of  the  State  Highv  ay 
System  as  a  basis  for  construction  of  same. 

To  assume  full  and  exclusive  responsibility  for  the  maintenance  of 
all  roads  other  than  streets  in  towns  and  cities  forming  part  of  system, 
except  roads  maintained  by  counties  under  contract  w  ith  Commission , 

To  exercise  full  power  to  comply  with  Federal  aid  acts  relating  to 
construction,  maintenance  and  improvement  of  rural  post  loads. 

To  regulate  street  openings  and  excavations  on  State-owned  roads; 
to  condemn  land  for  rights  of  way  and  for  purposes  of  obtaining  road 


190 


materials,  such  as  lime,  sand,  gravel,  timber,  etc.,  and  to  employ  counsel 
for  advice  and  legal  action;  to  select  and  provide  road  materials;  to 
adopt  standard  design  and  uniformly  mark  all  roads  comprised  in  the 
system. 

To  keep  full  account  of  each  road  project  showing  expenditures  and 
liabilities  and  records  of  contracts  and  force  account  work. 

To  apportion  construction  and  maintenance  funds  obtained  from  re¬ 
ceipts  of  bond  issues  ($50,000,000),  automobile  license  tax,  gasoline 
road  tax  and  other  sources,  to  each  district  as  prescribed  by  law. 

Reports:  To  make  full  detailed  report  to  each  General  Assembly, 
showing  construction  and  maintenance  work  and  cost  of  same,  receipts 
of  license  fees  and  disbursements. 

Note:  Specific  duties  of  State  Highway  Commissioner  and  State 
Highway  Engineer,  as  such  are  not  set  forth  in  the  law.  Reference  is 
invariably  to  the  Highway  Commission.  • 


191 


DEPARTMENT  OF  INSURANCE 

Ch.  99,  C.  S.;  Ch.  106,  C.  S. ;  Ch.  25,  P.  L.  1921. 

Stacey  W.  Wade,  C  ommirssioner . 

Title — Commissioner. 

Appoint  merit- — E  lee  t  ed . 

Term — Four  years. 

Salary — $4,500. 


FUNCTION 

To  direct  the  administration  and  enforcement  of  the  insurance  laws 
of  this  State;  to  supervise  the  admission  and  regulation  of  all  insurance 
companies,  associations  and  orders  doing  or  proposing  to  do  business  in 
this  State  (600 — life,  health,  accident,  casualty,  fire,  marine,  credit,  bur¬ 
glary,  plate  glass,  liability,  steam  boiler,  automobile,  etc.) ;  to  investigate 
complaints  and  prosecute  violations;  to  supervise  building  and  loan  as¬ 
sociations  (200),  lightning-rod  companies,  Morris  Plan  companies,  rate¬ 
making  bureaus  and  associations;  to  enforce  the  State  Building  Code 
and  inspection  laws;  to  act  as  fire  marshal  ex  officio  and  to  investigate 
fires,  etc.;  to  administer  premium  collections  (50c.  on  $100)  for  Fire¬ 
men’s  Relief  Fund;  to  receive  and  file  fire  insurance  rates  and  pass  on 
complaints  of  discrimination. 

To  enforce  the  “Blue-Sky”  law;  to  make  abstract  of  financial  state¬ 
ments  filed  by  different  companies;  to  collect  fees  for  their  publication 
and  have  them  published  in  newspapers  of  the  State;  to  keep  in  perma¬ 
nent  form  a  record  of  proceedings,  inspections  and  examinations;  to 
turn  over  to  State  Treasurer  any  revenue  from  fees,  licenses,  etc.,  in  ex¬ 
cess  of  $20,000 ;  to  issue  licenses  to  companies,  their  agents,  etc. ; 

To  collect  taxes  from  all  classes  of  insurance  companies,  whether  for¬ 
eign  or  local,  doing  business  m  this  State,  on  the  basis,  of  2  1-2  per  cent 
upon  the  amount  of  their  gross  premium  receipts  in  this  State,  provided 
that  should  one-fourth  of  the  entire  assets  of  the  company  be  invested 
and  maintained  in  bonds  of  this  State,  or  of  any  county,  city  or  town 
of  this  State,  or  of  any  property  situated  in  this  State  or  taxable  therein, 
or  loans  to  North  Carolina  policyholders  against  the  reserves  on  their 
policies,  the  tax  is  one  per  cent;  if  the  amount  so  invested  is  three- 
fourths  of  the  total  assets,  the  tax  is  one-fourth  of  one  per  cent.  Com¬ 
panies  paying  such  taxes  are  not  liable  for  tax  on  then  capital  stock 
and  no  county  or  corporation  may  impose  any  additional  tax  or  license 
or  fee. 

To  collect  fees  for  licenses  issued  to  all  classes  of  insurance  companies 
and  annual  fees  for  licenses  issued  to  each  general  agent,  agent  and 
broker  in  accordance  with  the  schedule  fixed  by  law. 


192 


To  collect  other  fees  pertaining  to  insurance  companies  as  prescribed 
by  law. 

Sec.  6079,  Ch.  99,  C.  S.  The  Insurance  Commissioner  “shall,  in  his 
annual  report,  make  a  statement  of  the  fires  investigated,  the  value  of 
property  destroyed,  the  amount  of  insurance,  if  any,  the  origin  of  the 
fire,  when  ascertained,  and  the  location  of  the  property  damaged  or 
destroyed,  whether  in  town,  city,  or  country.  He  shall  also  file  annually 
an  itemized  statement,  under  oath,  of  all  money  received  by  him  and 
disbursed  under  this  chapter.” 

Reports:  To  submit  annually  to  the  Governor,  and  biennially  to  the 
General  Assembly,  through  the  Governor,  a  report  of  his  official  acts, 
the  condition  of  all  insurance  and  other  companies  or  associations  under 
his  jurisdiction,  with  a  condensed  statement  of  their  reports  to  him; 
together  with  a  statement  of  the  licenses,  taxes  and  fees  received  by  him 
and  paid  by  him  to  the  Treasurer. 

To  report  to  the  General  Assembly  at  each  session,  suggested  changes 
in  the  laws. 


193 


ADJUTANT  GENERAL’S  DEPARTMENT 

Sec.  8,  Art.  Ill,  Constitution;  Ch.  Ill,  C.  S.;  Ch.  53,  P.  L.  1921 — 

Extra  Session. 

J.  Van  B.  Metts,  Adjutant  General. 

Title — Adjutant  General. 

Appointment— By  Governor. 

Term — Pour  years. 

Qualification — Five  years  commissioned  service  in  National  Guard, 
Naval  Militia,  Regular  Army,  U.  S.  Navy  or  Marine  Corps. 

Salary — $4,500. 

FUNCTION 

To  organize,  direct  and  control  tire  militia  of  this  State;  to  preserve 
the  peace  and  to  protect  life  and  property  in  emergency  through  the 
use  of  the  National  Guard,  Naval  Militia  and  unorganized  militia,  and 
otherwise  execute  the  military  laws  and  regulations  of  the  United  States, 
State  of  North  Carolina  and  the  Commander-in-Chief. 

To  make  returns  and  reports  to  the  Secretaries  of  War  and  Navy  as 
required;  to  keep  records  of  officers  and  enlisted  men;  to  have  prepared 
and  properly  distributed  military  laws,  etc.,  and  to  perform  such  other 
duties  as  required  by  military  law  and  regulations  of  the  Governor. 

Art.  2,  Ch.  Ill,  C.  S.  The  Governor  is  Commander-in-Chief  of  the 
State  Militia  which  is  divided  into  (1)  National  Guard,  (2)  Naval 
Militia,  and  (3)  Unorganized  Militia.  The  Governor  is  empowered 
to  call  out  the  militia  to  execute  the  law,  suppress  riots  or  insurrections 
and  to  repel  invasions ;  to  prescribe  regulations  relating  to  the  organiza¬ 
tion  of  the  National  Guard  and  Naval  Militia  as  conform  to  the  re¬ 
quirements  of  the  Federal  statutes. 

The  military  staff  is  divided  into  (1)  the  personal  staff  of  the  Gover¬ 
nor  consisting  of  10  National  Guard  officers  and  2  Naval  Militia  officers 
as  aides-de-camp;  and  (2)  the  administrative  staff  as  prescribed  by 
Secretary  of  War  and  Secretary  of  Navy. 

The  Governor  is  directed  by  law  to  appoint  a  property  and  disbursing 
officer  for  North  Carolina  who  shall  receipt  and  account  for  all  funds 
and  property  belonging  to  the  State  for  military  purposes,  and  a  property 

and  disbursing  officer  for  United  States. 

The  Adjutant  General,  as  head  of  the  Department,  is  subordinate  only 
to  the  Governor  in  matters  pertaining  thereto. 

Reports:  To  make  an  annual  report  to  the  Governor  including  a 
detailed  statement  of  all  expenditures  made  for  military  purposes  during 

the  year. 

To  report  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly. 

—13 


194 


SOLDIER  SETTLEMENT  BOARD 

Art.  5,  Ch.  126,  C.  S. 

Composition  (3) — Three  members  by  Governor;  Attorney-General, 
Legal  Advisor. 

Term ■ — Six  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — None  specified. 

Salary — None. 


FUNCTION 

To  provide  useful  employment  and  rural  homes  for  soldiers,  sailors, 
marines  and  others  who  have  served  with  the  armed  forces  of  the 
United  States  in  the  European  War  or  other  wars  through  cooperation 
with  Federal,  State  and  other  agencies  engaged  in  work  of  similar 
character. 

To  contract  with  the  United  States  in  pursuance  to  acts  of  Con¬ 
gress  for  soldier  settlement  and  related  purposes;  to  contract  with  other 
States,  municipal  corporations,  public  and  private  corporations  and 
individuals  for  purpose  of  general  cooperation  with  Federal  Govern¬ 
ment;  may  undertake,  under  contract  with  United  States,  any  work 
of  farm  improvement,  sub-division  of  land,  supervision  of  settlement, 
selection  of  settlers,  agricultural  training  of  prospective  settlers,  super¬ 
vision  of  short  term  loans,  rejection  of  applicants  for  allotment,  col¬ 
lection  of  moneys,  operation  and  maintenance  of  projects  undertaken; 
may  undertake,  in  cooperation  with  United  States,  such  projects  as 
reclamation  of  State  lands,  irrigation,  removal  of  trees  and  stumps, 
building  of  levees,  sea  walls,  necessary  roads,  land  leveling,  fertiliza¬ 
tion,  sanitation  and  other  means  desirable  to  make  land  suitable  for 
agricultural  purposes  and  rural  homes;  may  acquire  in  name  of  State 
by  purchase  or  gift  all  lands  and  other  property  needed,  and  to  sell  same 
if  necessary  with  consent  of  cooperating  Federal  agencies. 

May  lease  lands  pending  receipt  of  application  for  purchase  thereof; 
dedicate  lands  for  schools,  churches,  roads,  etc. ;  may  establish,  develop 
and  open  for  sale  such  town  sites  as  may  be  desirable  and  provided  by 
United  States  contract,  proceeds  to  be  converted  into  the  North  Carolina 
Soldier  Settlement  Fund. 

Reports  :  To  make  an  annual  report  to  the  Governor  with  full  state¬ 
ment  of  its  operations  and  results  of  its  investigations  together  with 
recommendations  for  remedial  legislation. 


195 


STATE  BOARD  OF  CHARITIES  AND  PUBLIC  WELFARE 

Sec.  7,  Art.  XI,  Constitution;  Ch.  88,  C.  S.;  Arts.  1,  2,  5,  Ch.  103,  C.  S  ; 

Ch.  128,  P.  L.  1921. 

Mrs.  Kate  Burr  Johnson,  Commissioner  of  Public  Welfare. 

Composition  (7) — Seven  members.  Elected  by  General  Assembly  on 
recommendation  of  Governor. 

Term — Six  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — One  to  be  a  woman. 

Compensation — Expenses  only. 

FUNCTION 

To  investigate  and  supervise  through  and  by  its  own  members  or  its 
agents  or  employees  the  whole  system  of  charitable  and  penal  insti¬ 
tutions  of  the  State,  and  to  recommend  such  changes  and  additional 
provisions  as  it  may  deem  needful  for  their  economical  and  efficient 
administration. 

To  study  problems  of  non-employment,  poverty,  vagrancy,  bousing 
conditions,  crime,  public  amusement,  care  and  treatment  of  prisoners, 
divorce  and  wife  desertion,  the  social  evil  and  kindred  subjects  and 
their  causes,  treatment  and  prevention;  to  issue,  publish  and  distribute 
bulletins  on  social  conditions  and  proper  treatment  and  remedies  for 
social  evils. 

To  study  and  promote  welfare  of  the  dependent  and  delinquent  child 
and  to  provide  either  directly  or  through  a  bureau  of  the  Board  for  the 
placing  and  supervision  of  dependent,  delinquent  and  defective  children. 

To  inspect  and  report  on  private  orphanages,  institutions,  maternity 
homes  and  persons  or  organizations  receiving  and  placing  children  and 
to  require  such  institutions  to  submit  reports  and  information  as 
directed;  to  issue  and  revoke  for  cause,  licenses  to  persons  or  agencies 
carrying  on  such  work. 

To  inspect  county  jails,  prisons,  county  homes  and  other  institutions 
of  a  penal  or  charitable  nature,  and  to  require  reports  from  sheriffs  and 
other  officers ;  to  approve  plans  and  specifications  of  new  jails  and  alms¬ 
houses. 

To  approve  by  certificate  the  election  of  County  Superintendent  of 
Public  Welfare  elected  for  two  years  by  County  Board  of  Education  and 
Board  of  County  Commissioners  in  joint  session.  In  certain  instances 
County  Superintendent  is  ex  officio  County  Superintendent  of  Public 
Welfare. 

To  approve  applications  for  establishment  of-  private,  town  and 
county  hospitals  for  the  insane,  idiots,  feeble-minded,  mebiiati  and  to 
issue  licenses  for  same  which  shall  at  all  times  be  subject  to  iisitation, 


196 


to  give  special  attention  to  the  causes  of  insanity,  idiocy  and  other  forms 
of  mental  and  physical  defect;  to  recommend  to  the  General  Assembly 
social  legislation  and  creation  of  neeessary  institutions. 

To  visit  State  hospitals  for  insane  from  time  to  time,  to  examine  into 
their  condition  and  make  such  report  to  the  General  Assembly  with 
suitable  suggestions  and  recommendations. 

To  employ  a  trained  investigator  of  social  service  problems,  to  be 
known  as  the  Commissioner  of  Public  Welfare,  and  other  inspectors, 
officers  and  agents  as  necessary  to  the  discharge  of  its  duties. 

Reports  :  To  submit  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly  a  full  and 
complete  report  of  its  doings  during  the  two  preceding  years  showing 
actual  condition  of  all  the  State  institutions  under  its  supervision  with 
suitable  suggestions;  and  to  report  such  other  matters  affecting  public 
welfare. 


197 


ADVISORY  BOARD  OF  PAROLE 

Art.  4,  Ch.  130,  C.  S. 

Composition  (3) — Attorney-General,  Chairman  ex  officio;  Chair¬ 
man  Board  of  Directors  State  Prison  ex  officio;  Chairman  Board  of 
State  Charities  ex  officio. 

Compensations— Attorney-General,  none;  other  members  receive  their 
regular  per  diem  allowance  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  promulgate  rules  for  keeping  records  of  the  conduct  and  demeanor 
of  State  and  county  prisoners  by  Superintendent  of  State  Prison  and 
local  authorities ;  to  formulate  rules  for  application  for  pardon  or  parole 
of  county  prisoners;  to  consider  monthly  cases  of  State  prisoners  wdio 
have  served  minimum  sentence  and  to  determine  what  prisoners  are  suit¬ 
able  subjects  for  parole  under  a  conditional  pardon;  to  report  findings 
in  favorable  cases  to  Governor. 


198 


CHILD  WELFARE  COMMISSION 

Art.  1,  Ch.  90,  C.  S. 

E.  F.  Carter,  Executive  Officer. 

Composition  (3) — Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  ex  officio ; 
Commissioner  of  Public  Welfare  ex  officio ;  State  Health  Officer  ex 
officio. 


FUNCTION 

To  administer  the  laws  relating  to  (1)  child  labor  and  issuance  of 
employment  certificates,  (2)  seats  for  women  employees,  and  (3)  sepa¬ 
rate  toilets  for  sexes  and  races,  and  to  employ  agents  for  the  enforce¬ 
ment  of  such  laws  and  to  supervise  their  inspections. 

No  child  under  fourteen  shall  be  employed  or  permitted  to  work  in  or 
about  any  mill,  factory,  cannery,  work  shop,  manufacturing  establish¬ 
ment,  laundry,  bakery,  mercantile  establishment,  office,  hotel,  restaurant, 
barber  shop,  boot-black  stand,  public  stable,  garage,  place  of  amusement, 
brickyard,  lumber  yard  or  any  messenger  or  delivery  service  except  in 
cases  and  under  regulations  prescribed  by  Child  Welfare  Commission. 

No  person  under  sixteen  shall  be  permitted  to  work  in  any  of  the 
above  places  or  occupations  between  9  p.m.  and  6  a.m.  No  person 
under  sixteen  shall  be  allowed  to  work  in  any  quarry  or  mine. 

Agents  of  the  Commission  are  authorized  to  enter  and  inspect  any 
of  the  foregoing  establishments  for  the  purpose  of  enforcing  the  child 
labor  law  and  the  laws  relating  to  seats  for  women  employees  and  sepa¬ 
rate  toilets  for  sexes  and  races. 

Executive  Officer:  The  Executive  Officer  is  in  charge  of  the  ad¬ 
ministrative  and  regulatory  work  of  the  Commission.  He  is  appointed 
by  the  Commission  to  serve  at  its  pleasure  and  receives  a  salary  of 
$3,000. 


199 


STATE  RECONSTRUCTION  COMMISSION 

Art.  4,  Ch.  126,  C.  S. 

Composition  (26) — Governor,  Chairman  ex  officio;  twenty-five  citi¬ 
zens  appointed  hy  Governor. 

Term — Not  specified. 

Qualification — Must  represent  various  industries  and  employments. 

FUNCTION 

To  make  investigations  in  reference  to  the  industrial,  commercial, 
economic,  sociological,  and  military  needs  and  requirements  of  the  State 
which  have  been  produced  by  the  World  War  and  the  readjustments  of 
the  State  to  conditions  of  peace;  to  take  such  advisory  measures  as  it 
rnav  deem  fit  in  reference  to  such  matters;  to  consult  with  the  several 
State  and  Federal  Departments  and  various  civic  organizations;  to  make 
investigation  and  suggest  plans  for  coordination  and  cooperation  of  the 
resources  of  the  State  during  readjustment  period. 

To  make  investigations  and  recommendations  on  all  matters  requiring 
Federal  and  State  cooperation  and  to  plan  methods  of  cooperation  with 
Federal  authorities  in  devising  and  carrying  out  national  policies  dur¬ 
ing  the  period  of  war  reconstruction;  to  make  written  reports  to  the 
Governor  at  such  times  and  upon  such  subjects  as  it  may  deem  proper 
and  publish  same  in  newspapers  of  the  State. 

The  members  of  the  Commission  receive  no  compensation,  hut  the 
act  carried  an  annual  appropriation  of  $500  for  two  years. 


200 


RAILROAD  STOCK  COMMISSION 

Ch.  148,  P.  L.  1921. 

Composition — Five  citizens. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Not  specified. 

Qualification — One  member  to  be  stockholder.  Minority  party  to  have 
representative. 


FUNCTION 

To  investigate  the  advisability  of  sale  of  the  stock  owned  by  the  State 
in  the  North  Carolina  Railroad  and  Atlantic  and  N.  C.  Railroad  and 
reinvestment  of  the  proceeds  in  proposed  railroads  in  western  part  of 
the  State;  to  expend  $5,000  on  preliminary  surveys  and  in  procuring 
information  as  to  cost  of  proposed  railroads  to  be  constructed;  provided 
that  Commission  shall  not  consider  any  offer  to  purchase  the  stock  of 
said  railroad  companies  which  does  not  include  an  offer  to  purchase  the 
stock  in  said  companies  now  privately  owned  at  the  same  price  offered 
the  State  for  its  stock. 

The  statute  states  that  the  Commission  will  “report,”  but  does  not 
mention  the  time  or  to  whom  such  report  shall  be  made. 


201 


MEMORIAL  BUILDING  COMMISSION 

Art.  2,  Ch.  113,  C.  S. 

Composition  (12) — Governor,  Chairman  ex  officio ;  President  of 
Senate  ex  officio;  Speaker  of  House  ex  officio ;  nine  other  well  qualified 
persons  appointed  by  Governor. 

Term — Not  specified. 

Salary — None. 


FUNCTION 

To  formulate  plans,  rules  and  regulations  and  to  raise  by  voluntary 
contributions  sufficient  funds  and  to  acquire  by  gift,  purchase  or  con¬ 
demnation  a  suitable  site  at  Paleigli  and  to  erect  thereon,  or,  with  the 
consent  of  the  Council  of  State,  on  land  already  owned  by  State  not 
otherwise  used,  a  suitable,  useful  and  fireproof  memorial  building  to  be 
used  as  a  depository  for  preserving,  exhibiting  and  administering  the 
records,  relics  and  memorials  of  the  late  World  War,  and  other  his¬ 
torical  records  and  effects  of  this  State,  such  building,  upon  completion, 
to  be  property  of  State;  to  report  to  General  Assembly. 

The  Commission,  created  in  1919,  is  constituted  as  a  body  politic  and 
corporate.  The  law  provides  that  the  commissioners  shall  bold  office 
until  the  work  shall  have  been  completed  and  they  shall  have  made 
report  of  the  same  to  the  General  Assembly  and  shall  have  been  dis¬ 
charged.  Further  provision  is  made  for  the  acceptance  of  contribu¬ 
tions  from  any  county,  city  or  town  as  determined  by  the  respective 
governing  body. 


202 


SPECIAL  LEGISLATIVE  SCHOOL  COMMISSION 

Ch.  25,  P.  L.  1921- — Extra  Session. 

Composition  (5) — Three  representatives;  two  senators. 

Appointment — By  Speaker -of  House;  by  President  of  Senate. 

Term — Two  years  (1923  Session). 

Qualification — One  member  of  minority  party. 

Compensation — $10  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  study  the  laws  and  the  decisions  of  Supreme  Court  relative  to 
the  levy  of  taxes  for  the  purpose  of  establishing  and  maintaining  a  six 
months  school  term,  of  establishing  and  maintaining  high  schools, 
teachers’  salaries  and  kindred  subjects,  and  of  raising  and  maintaining 
an  equalization  fund;  to  call  upon  any  State  and  county  officers  and  the 
Supreme  Court  for  information;  to  employ  necessary  clerical  assistance 
and  fix  their  compensation. 

Reports  :  To  make  a  report  of  their  proceedings  and  conclusions 
to  the  1923  Session  of  the  General  Assembly,  and  to  submit  suitable 
legislative  bills  designed  to  effect  objects  sought;  to  have  report  pub¬ 
lished  and  distributed  to  every  member  of  legislature  and  State  officers. 


STATE  INSTITUTIONS 


205 


UNIVERSITY  OF  NORTH  CAROLINA  (Chapel  Hill) 

Secs.  6,  7,  14,  Art.  IX,  Constitution;  Art.  1,  Ch.  96,  C.  S. 

H.  W.  Chase,  President. 

Board  of  Trustees  (102) — One  hundred  elected  by  joint  ballot  of  the 
General  Assembly;  Governor,  President  ex  officio ;  Superintendent  of 
Public  Instruction  ex  officio ;  Treasurer,  Secretary,  elected  by  board. 

T erm — Eight  years. 

Compensation — Not  stated. 

Qualification — Sixteen  must  reside  near  University  or  capital. 

FUNCTION 

To  meet  annually  at  such  time  and  place  as  prescribed  by  law  or  by 
the  Governor,  ten  trustees  constituting  a  quorum  competent  to  exercise 
full  power  and  authority  of  the  Board;  to  remove  trustees  for  cause; 
to  make  suitable  rules  and  regulations  for  the  management  of  the  Uni¬ 
versity,  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  and  Constitution;  to  appoint  an 
executive  committee  from  their  own  number  with  such  powers  as  they 
may  grant ;  to  appoint  the  president,  professors,  tutors  and  other  officers 
as  they  deem  necessary,  and  to  remove  same  for  cause;  to  exercise  such 
financial  control  and  powers  as  prescribed  by  law  and  are  vested  in  a 
body  politic  and  corporate.  The  trustees  may  appoint  special  meetings 
as  necessary,  subject  to  statutory  limits  thereon. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  enlargement  and  permanent  im¬ 
provements  ;  to  purchase  all  supplies,  materials  and  equipment. 

Governor:  To  preside  over  meetings  of  Trustees  or  to  appoint  some 
member  to  act  for  him;  to  appoint  special  meetings  of  board,  but  no 
special  meeting  shall  have  power  to  revoke  or  alter  any  order,  resolution 
or  vote  of  an  annual  meeting;  to  fill  temporarily  vacancies  in  office 
of  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

President  and  Eaculty  :  To  have  the  power,  by  and  with  the  con¬ 
sent  of  the  Trustees,  of  conferring  all  such  degrees  or  marks  of  literary 
distinction  as  are  usually  conferred  by  colleges  or  universities;  to  make 
suitable  laws  and  regulations  for  the  government  of  the  University  and 
preservation  of  order  and  good  morals  therein. 

Reports  :  To  have  annual  reports  made  to  the  Governor,  to  be  trans¬ 
mitted  by  him  to  the  General  Assembly,  showing  the  receipts  of  the  cor¬ 
poration  from  all  sources  and  expenditures  of  same. 

Objects  and  Purpose:  To  instruct  the  youth  of  the  State  in  the 
arts,  sciences,  professions  and  higher  branches  of  learning,  to  inculcate 
the  principles  of  good  citizenship,  and  to  advance  knowledge  and  stand¬ 
ards  of  education. 


206 


Departments  :  Collegiate,  Applied  Science,  Teacher  Training, 
Graduate,  Law,  Medicine,  Pharmacy,  Bureau  of  Extension. 


Established  .  1789 

Acreage  . J  598 

Yal.  of  buildings,  equipment  and  land. .$3, 675, 338 

Invested  funds  . $1,578,340 

Students,  regular  .  2,000 

Students,  Summer  School .  1,400 

Eaculty  .  120 

Appropriation,  1922  . $480,000 


207 


NORTH  CAROLINA  STATE  COLLEGE  OF  AGRICULTURE 
AND  ENGINEERING  (Raleigh) 

Art.  2.  Ch.  96,  C.  S. 

W.  C.  Riddick,  President. 

Board  of  Trustees  (17) — Sixteen  appointed  by  Governor  with  consent 
of  Senate;  Governor,  President  ex  officio ;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer 
ex  officio. 

Term — Eight  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Representing  agriculture  and  other  industries. 

C ompensation — $5  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  meet  annually  at  such  date  as  it  may  fix,  and  not  oftener  than 
three  times  a  year;  to  elect  an  executive  committee  consisting  of  five 
members  of  the  Board  and  prescribe  its  duties ;  to  appoint  the  president, 
professors,  instructors  and  other  officers  and  servants,  and  to  remove 
them  for  cause;  to  make  suitable  laws  and  regulations  for  the  govern¬ 
ment  of  the  institution  and  the  preservation  of  order  and  good  morals 
therein. 

To  cooperate  with  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture  in  the  operation 
and  maintenance  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  and  the 
North  Carolina  Extension  Service;  to  have  power  to  make  suitable  rules 
and  regulations  governing  the  admission  of  students  from  the  several 
congressional  districts;  to  exercise  such  financial  control,  administrative 
and  legal  powers  as  are  vested  in  the  corporation  by  law. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  enlargement  and  permanent  im¬ 
provements  ;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  materials  and  equipment. 

Executive  Committee:  To  investigate  annually,  after  July  1st, 
the  affairs  of  each  department  of  the  college  and  of  the  entire  institution 
and  report  to  the  next  session  of  the  Board  its  condition  with  suitable 
recommendations. 

President  and  Faculty:  The  president  and  instructors  under  the 
direction  and  supervision  of  the  trustees  shall  have  power  to  contei  such 
degrees  or  certificates  of  proficiency  or  marks  of  merit  as  may  be  deemed 
proper,  and  to  arrange  the  curriculum  of  the  college  into  courses  of 
study  necessary  to  be  pursued  m  order  to  obtain  the  respective  degrees 
provided  for  by  the  Board. 

Reports  :  The  Board  of  Trustees  is  required  to  make  an  annual  re¬ 
port  to  the  Governor  concerning  the  work  and  requirements  of  the  in¬ 
stitutions,  and  the  receipts  and  expenditures  of  all  funds  which  he  shall 
submit  biennially  to  the  General  Assembly. 


208 


Object  and  Purpose:  “.  .  .  To  teach  the  branches  of  learning 

relating  to  agricultural  and  mechanical  arts  and  such  other  scientific 
and  classical  studies  as  the  Board  of  Trustees  may  elect  to  have  taught, 
and  to  promote  the  liberal  and  practical  education  of  the  industrial 
classes  in  the  several  pursuits  and  professions  of  life.”  Sec.  5807,  C.  S. 

Departments:  Agriculture,  Engineering,  Textile  Industry,  Indus¬ 
trial  Chemistry,  Industrial  Management,  and  Agricultural  Adminis¬ 
tration. 


Established  .  1889 

Buildings .  37 

Acreage  .  485 

Value  of  buildings  and  equipment  ....$2,250,000 

Value  of  land .  $250,000 

Students  .  1,200 

Eaculty  .  100 

Appropriation,  1922  . $275,000 


209 


NORTH  CAROLINA  COLLEGE  FOR  WOMEN  (Greensboro) 

Art.  4,  Ch.  96,  C.  S. 

Julius  I.  Foust,  President. 

Board  of  Directors  (11) — Ten  members;  Superintendent  of  Public 
Instruction,  Chairman  ex  officio. 

Appointment — State  Board  of  Education,  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Six  years,  overlapping. 

Qualification — No  two  from  same  Congressional  District. 

FUNCTION 

To  make  rules  and  regulations  for  the  government  of  the  corporation 
and  the  admission  of  students,  but  shall  not  discriminate  against  any 
county  in  the  number  of  students  allowed  it  in  case  all  applicants  can¬ 
not  be  accommodated ;  each  county  to  have  representation  in  proportion 
to  its  white  school  population. 

To  appoint  a  president,  professors,  tutors  and  other  officers  as  neces¬ 
sary  for  such  terms  and  conditions  as  they  may  prescribe;  to  make  regu¬ 
lations  for  the  government  of  the  college  as  shall  not  conflict  with  the 
laws  of  the  State;  to  have  charge  of  all  construction,  enlargement  and 
permanent  improvements;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  materials  and 
equipment.  Vacancies  on  the  Board  are  filled  by 'appointment  by  the 
Board  of  Education  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate. 

Faculty  :  To  confer  degrees  by  and  with  consent  of  the  Board ;  to 
extend  the  influence  and  usefulness  of  the  college  to  the  persons  of  the 
State  who  are  unable  to  avail  themselves  of  its  advantages  as  resident 
students,  by  extension  courses,  by  lectures  and  by  other  suitable  means. 

Reports  :  To  report  biennially,  before  the  meeting  of  each  General 
Assembly,  to  the  Governor  the  operations  of  the  corporation. 

Objects  akd  Purpose:  To  teach  young  white  women  all  branches 
of  knowledge  essential  to  a  liberal  education ;  to  make  special  provision 
for  training  in  the  science  and  art  of  teaching,  school  management  and 
school  supervision ;  to  provide  women  with  such  training  in  the  arts, 
sciences  and  industries  as  may  be  conducive  to  their  self-support  and 
community  usefulness ;  to  render  to  the  people  of  the  State  such  aid  and 
encouragement  as  will  tend  to  dissemination  of  knowledge,  the  fostering 
of  loyalty  and  patriotism  and  the  promotion  of  the  general  welfare;  to 
provide  free  tuition  to  those  who  are  to  teach  in  the  schools  of  North 
Carolina  or  enter  other  fields  of  public  service. 

The  chief  mission  of  the  institution  lies  in  furnishing  the  public 
school  system  of  the  State  well  equipped  teachers;  more  than  12,000 


14 


210 


students  have  been  enrolled  during  the  thirty  years  of  its  life,  two- 
thirds  of  whom  and  nine-tenths  of  graduates  become  teachers  in  North 
Carolina. 


Established  .  1891 

Buildings  .  25 

Acreage  .  100 

Value . $2,500,000 

Students,  regular  session  .  1,270 

Students,  Summer  School .  998 

Faculty  .  100 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $330,000 


211 


NEGRO  AGRICULTURAL  AND  TECHNICAL  COLLEGE  OF 
NORTH  CAROLINA  (Greensboro) 

Art.  3,  Ch.  96,  C.  S. 

James  B.  Dudley,  President. 

Board  of  Trustees — Fifteen. 

'Appointment — Elected  by  General  Assembly. 

T erm — Six  years,  each  group  of  five  overlapping. 

Compensation — Traveling  expenses  only,  not  exceeding  four  times  a 
year. 


FUNCTION 

To  prescribe  rules  for  the  management  of  the  institution  and  preser¬ 
vation  of  good  order  and  morals;  to  appoint  the  president,  instructors 
and  other  officers  and  servants  and  fix  their  salaries;  to  have  general  and 
entire  supervision  of  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  the  college; 
to  regulate  admission  of  pupils  with  respect  to  representation  from  the 
several  congressional  districts ;  to  have  charge  of  the  disbursement  of 
funds ;  to  receive  any  donation  of  property  or  funds  made  to  the  col¬ 
lege,  and  invest  or  expend  same  for  benefit  of  college;  to  elect  an  execu¬ 
tive  board ;  to  elect  a  chairman  of  the  Board  annually. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  permanent  enlargement  and  re¬ 
pairs;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  material  and  equipment. 

Executive  Board  :  Consists  of  three  trustee  members  elected  by 
Board  of  Trustees,  who  shall  have  the  immediate  management  of  the 
institution  when  the  full  board  is  not  in  session. 

President  and  Instructors  :  By  and  with  consent  of  Board,  to 
have  power  to  confer  certificates  of  proficiency  or  marks  of  merit  and 
diplomas. 

Reports:  None  specified. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  teach  practical  agriculture  and  the 
mechanical  arts  and  such  branches  of  learning  as  relate  thereto,  not 
excluding  academical  and  classical  instruction,  to  the  negro  boys  of  this 
State. 

The  College  confines  its  courses  of  study  entirely  to  agricultural  and 
mechanical  education.  ^No  purely  academic  couises  aie  offeied.  I  ur 
pose  of  Agricultural  Department  is  to  train  practical  farmers  and  teach- 


212 


ers  of  agriculture;  Mechanical  Arts  Department  to  give  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  the  trades  offered. 

Established  .  1891 

Buildings  .  13 

Acreage  .  130 

Value  of  buildings  and  equipment . $300,000 

Value  of  land  .  $64,000 

Number  of  students,  regular  session .  446 

Number  of  students,  summer  session  ....  474 

Faculty  .  25 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $30,000 


213 


EAST  CAROLINA  TEACHERS’  COLLEGE  (Greenville) 

Art.  9,  Ch.  96,  C.  S.;  Ch.  68,  P.  L.  1920 — Extra  Session; 

Ch.  27,  P.  L.  1921 — Extra  Session. 

R.  H.  Wright,  President. 

Board  of  Trustees  (10) — Nine  members  appointed  by  State  Board 
of  Education ;  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  chairman  ex  officio. 
Term — Six  years,  overlapping. 

Qualification - — Resident,  in  First,  Second,  Third,  Fourth,  and  Sixth 
Congressional  districts. 


FUNCTION 

To  prescribe  course  of  study,  laying  emphasis  on  subjects  taught  in 
public  schools  of  the  State,  and  on  the  art  and  science  of  teaching;  to 
waive  tuition  charges  to  those  who  agree  to  teach ;  to  make  no  rules  that 
discriminate  against  one  county  in  favor  of  another  in  the  admission 
of  pupils  into  said  school ;  to  present  diplomas  of  graduation  and  certifi¬ 
cates  of  proficiency  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  faculty,  and  have 
power  to  confer  degrees. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  enlargement  and  permanent  re¬ 
pairs;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  material  and  equipment. 

Reports  :  The  trustees  shall  report  biennially  to  the  Governor  be¬ 
fore  the  meeting  of  each  General  Assembly,  the  operation  and  condition 
of  the  school. 

Object  and  Purpose;  To  be  maintained  by  the  State  for  the  pur¬ 
pose  of  giving  to  young  white  men  and  women  such  education  and  train¬ 
ing  as  shall  fit  and  qualify  them  to  teach  in  the  public  schools  of  North 
Carolina. 


Established  . 1907 

Buildings  .  9 

Acreage  .  50 

Value  of  buildings  and  grounds  . $1,159,000 

Students  enrolled  (1907-22)  .  7928 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $105,000 


214 


CULLOWHEE  NORMAL  AND  INDUSTRIAL  SCHOOL 

(Cullowhee) 

Art.  5,  Ch.  96,  C.  S.;  Ch.  61,  P.  L.  1921. 

R.  L.  Madison,  President. 

Board  of  Trustees — Seven  members. 

Appointment — -State  Board  of  Education. 

Term — Eive  years,  overlapping. 

Qualification — From  district  served  by  school. 

Compensation — Actual  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

The  school  is  under  the  supervision  of  the  State  Superintendent  of 
Public  Instruction,  who  shall  have  power  to  prescribe  rules  and  regula¬ 
tions  for  the  control,  management  and  enlargement  of  the  same.  Young 
men  and  women  preparing  themselves  for  teachers  shall  pay  no  tuition 
charges.  Board  of  Trustees  to  elect  annually  a  president;  subject  to 
recommendation  of  president,  Board  elect  teachers  and  assistant  teach¬ 
ers  and  fix  their  salaries,  authorize  all  departments  of  instruction, 
courses  of  study,  prescribe  entrance  requirements ;  to  fix  all  fees,  tuition, 
rate  of  board,  and  provide  for  government  and  discipline  of  the  school. 
The  Board  meets  annually  and  on  call.  A  chairman  and  vice-chair¬ 
man  are  elected  at  the  annual  meeting.  The  president  of  the  School  is 
ex  officio  its  secretary. 

Reports  :  Secretary  of  Board  (President  of  School)  submits  an  an¬ 
nual  report  to  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  condition  of  school,  accomplish¬ 
ments,  needs  and  recommendations,  copy  of  which  is  sent  to  Secretary 
of  the  Board  of  Education  (Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction). 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  train  young  men  and  women  as  teachers 
in  the  public  schools  of  North  Carolina. 

The  school  has  trained  more  than  2,000  teachers  for  public  school 
work  and  has  furnished  eleven  county  superintendents.  Built  to  accom¬ 
modate  about  200  boarding  students;  chartered  as  a  private  institution 
in  1891  and  taken  over  by  the  State  in  1905.  Its  organization  embraces 
practice  school,  high  school,  normal  collegiate  school,  domestic  science 
school,  domestic  arts  school  and  music  school. 


Buildings  > .  9 

Acreage  .  27 

Instructors  .  12 

Value  of  buildings  and  land  . $225,000 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $25,000 


215 


APPALACHIAN  TRAINING  SCHOOL  FOR  TEACHERS 

(Boone) 

Art.  8,  Ch.  96,  C.  S. ;  Ch.  61,  P.  L.  1921. 

B.  B.  Dougherty,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Trustees — Seven  members. 

Appointment — State  Board  of  Education. 

Term — Five  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — From  district  served  by  school. 

Compensation — Expenses  only. 

FUNCTION 

See  Cullowhee  Normal  School.  Management,  functions  of  board,  etc., 
same. 

Objects  and  Purpose:  To  establish  a  training  school  for  teachers 
in  Western  North  Carolina  to  which  end  tuition  shall  he  free  to  all  per¬ 
sons  of  the  white  race  in  the  State  who  will  sign  a  pledge  to  teach  in 
the  public  schools  of  North  Carolina  for  a  term  of  not  less  than  two 
years. 

Its  mission  is  to  give  a  high  school  and  professional  education  to  young 
people  who  cannot  go  elsewhere;  supplies  a  large  proportion  of  public 
school  teachers  for  the  surrounding  counties. 


Established  .  1903 

Buildings  .  9 

Acreage  .  450 

Value  of  buildings  and  equipment  . $400,000 

Value  of  land  .  $50,000 

Students  .  906 

Faculty  .  15 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $50,000 


216 


CHEROKEE  INDIAN  NORMAL  SCHOOL  OF  ROBESON 

COUNTY  (Pembroke) 

Art.  6,  Ch.  96,  C.  S.;  Ch.  61,  P.  L.  1921. 

N.  C.  Newbold,  Director ,  Raleigh;  A.  B.  Riley,  Principal. 

Board  of  Trustees — Seven  members. 

Appointment — By  State  Board  of  Education. 

Term — Six  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Cherokee  Indians. 

Compensation — Expenses  only. 

FUNCTION 

To  elect  the  president  of  Board  and  define  duties;  to  employ  and 
discharge  teachers;  to  exercise  the  usual  functions  of  control  and  man¬ 
agement  of  said  school,  action  being  subject  to  the  approval  of  State 
Board  of  Education.  The  State  Board  shall  make  all  needful  rules  and 
regulations  concerning  expenditure  of  funds,  selection  of  principal, 
teachers  and  employees,  and  concerning  selection  of  Board  of  Trustees. 
May  organize  on  same  plane  and  basis  as  are  Cullowhee  and  Appalachian 
Training  schools. 

Reports  :  None  specified. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  establish  and  maintain  a  school  of  high 
grade  for  teachers  of  Cherokee  Indians  in  Robeson  County. 

Admission  and  Qualifications  :  Cherokee  Indians,  of  either  sex, 
of  Robeson  County,  not  under  11  years  of  age,  who  can  pass  an  approved 
examination  in  spelling,  reading,  writing,  primary  geography  and  funda¬ 
mental  rules  of  arithmetic,  and  who  agree  to  teach  the  youth  of  the 
race  of  Cherokee  Indians  of  Robeson  County  may  be  admitted. 


Established  .  1S87 

Buildings  .  4 

Acreage  .  10 

Value  buildings . $90,000 

Value  land  .  $7,500 

Students  .  292 

Appropriation,  1922  . $7,200 


217 


NEGRO  NORMAL  SCHOOL  AT  FAYETTEVILLE 

'  Art.  7,  Ch.  96,  C.  S.;  Ch.  61,  P.  L.  1921. 

N.  C.  Newbold,  Director,  Raleigh;  E.  E.  Smith,  Principal. 

Board  of  Directors — Seven  members. 

Appointment — State  Board  of  Education. 

Term — Six  years,  overlapping. 

Qualification — Not  more  than  five  to  reside  in  county  in  which  school 
is  located. 

Compensation — Actual  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  elect  own  president,  secretary  and  treasurer;  to  have  general  man¬ 
agement  of  the  school;  to  elect  teachers  and  to  have  such  other  powers 
of  management  as  are  not  vested  in  the  State  Board  of  Education.  For 
additional  powers  of  State  Board,  see  Cherokee  Normal. 

Sec.  17,  Ch.  146,  P.  L.  1921.  This  statute  creates  a  Director  of  Negro 
Education,  appointed  by  State  Board  of  Education  upon  the  recommen¬ 
dation  of  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  who  shall  have  super¬ 
vision  of  the  Negro  Normal  Schools. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  teach  and  train  young  men  and  women 
of  the  colored  race,  from  the  ages  of  15  to  25  years,  for  teachers  in  the 
common  schools  of  the  State  for  the  colored  race,  provided  students, 
who  are  educated  at  State  expense,  agree  to  teach  for  not  less  than  three 
years. 

Most  of  the  negro  teachers  in  the  section  where  school  is  located  re¬ 
ceived  training  at  this  school.  Industrial  training,  especially  in  domes¬ 
tic  science,  is  required  of  all.  The  law  provides  that  a  preparatory 
department  may  he  established. 


Established  .  1877 

Buildings  .  6 

Acreage  .  42 

Value  buildings  . $210,000 

Value  land .  $15,000 

Students  .  530 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $23,500 


218 


NEGRO  NORMAL  SCHOOL  AT  ELIZABETH  CITY 

Art.  7,  Ch.  96,  C.  S.;  Ch.  61,  P.  L.  1921. 

N.  C.  Newbold,  Director,  Raleigh;  P.  W.  Moore,  Principal. 

Board  of  Directors—  Seven  members. 

Appointment — By  State  Board  of  Education. 

Term — Six  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Not  more  than  five  to  reside  in  county  in  which  school 
is  located. 

Compensation — Actual  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

Separate  Board  of  Directors.  Method  of  appointment,  function,  ob¬ 
ject  and  purpose  of  school  same  as  at  Fayetteville  Negro  Normal  School. 


Established . . . 

. . .  1892 

Buildings  . . 

5 

Acreage  . . . 

.  41 

Value  of  buildings . 

. $215,000 

Value  of  land  . . . 

. $  15,000 

Students  . 

. .  548 

Appropriation,  1922  . 

.  $23,500 

219 


SLATER  INDUSTRIAL  AND  STATE  NORMAL  SCHOOL  FOR 

NEGROES  (Winston-Salem) 

Art.  7,  Ch.  96,  C.  S.;  Ch.  61,  P.  L.  1921. 

N.  C.  Newbold,  Director,  Raleigli;  S.  G.  Atkins,  Principal. 

Board  of  Directors — Seven  members. 

Appointment — By  State  Board  of  Education. 

Term — Six  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — Not  more  than  five  to  reside  in  county  in  which  school 
is  located. 

Compensation — Actual  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

Separate  Board  of  Directors.  Method  of  appointment,  function,  ob¬ 
ject  and  purpose  of  school  same  as  at  Fayetteville  and  Elizabeth  City. 
Only  difference  being  that  at  Slater,  shop  and  farm  work  are  taught  in 
addition  to  other  courses. 


Established  . —  1895 

Buildings  . - .  1 

Acreage  . . - .  ^5 

Value  of  buildings  . $250,000 

Value  of  land  . $  25,000 

Students  .  _ 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $25,000 


220 


STATE  HOSPITAL  AT  RALEIGH 

(Central  Hospital  for  the  Insane) 

Ch.  103,  C.  S.  (except  Secs.  6156-7-8-9,  which  are  repealed);  Ch.  183, 

P.  L.  1921;  Ch.  193,  P.  L.  1921. 

Albert  Anderson,  M.D.,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors — Nine;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer  ex  officio. 

Appointment — By  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Six  years,  each  group  of  three  overlapping. 

Qualification — No  two  shall  be  residents  of  same  county. 

FUNCTION 

To  direct  and  manage  affairs  of  Central  Hospital  and  to  adopt  rules 
and  regulations  governing  same;  to  provide  for  the  accommodation, 
maintenance,  care,  training  and  treatment  of  legally  committed  white 
insane  patients  and  inebriates  from  the  district  served,  and  insane  and 
inebriate  Indians  and  epileptics  from  the  entire  State. 

To  appoint  from  its  own  members  a  building  committee  of  three 
who  shall  have  charge  of  all  construction  work,  enlargements  and  all 
permanent  improvements. 

To  appoint  a  superintendent;  to  fix  the  number  of  assistant  physi¬ 
cians  and  compensation  of  all  officers  and  employees;  to  be  responsible 
for  the  disbursement  of  appropriations  for  maintenance  and  permanent 
enlargements  and  repairs;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  equipment, 
and  materials. 

Superintendent  ;  Appointed  by  the  Board  for  a  term  of  six  years ;  . 
must  be  a  skilled  physician.  Duties  are  to  appoint  the  assistant  physi¬ 
cians,  matrons,  steward  and  all  other  employees ;  to  have  exclusive  direc¬ 
tion  and  control  over  all  subordinate  officers  and  employees,  and  to  direct 
generally,  the  internal  administration  of  the  hospital. 

Treasurer:  To  keep  all  accounts  and  pay  Out  all  moneys  upon  war¬ 
rant  of  the  Superintendent  and  countersigned  by  two  members  of  the 
Board,  under  rules  and  regulations  prescribed  by  the  Board. 

Inspections  :  By  Board  of  Directors,  General  xVssembly  and  State 
Board  of  Charities.  Latter  are  required  to  investigate  from  time  to 
time  and  report  to  Legislature. 

Reports  :  To  file  with  Governor  bimonthly  statement  showing  prices 
paid  for  all  classes  of  articles  purchased  and  from  whom  purchased.  To 
report  annually  to  the  Governor  on  the  condition  of  the  institution  and 
biennially  to  the  General  Assembly  as  to  its  receipts  and  disbursements. 


221 


Object  and  Purpose:  To  provide  for  the  accommodation,  mainte¬ 
nance,  care  and  treatment  of  legally  committed  white  insane  patients 
and  inebriates  in  the  district  served,  inebriates  and  insane  Indians  and 
epileptics  of  the  entire  State. 


Established  . 1856 

Buildings .  17 

Acreage  . 1305 

Patients  (1919-1920)  . 1416 

Attendants  and  nurses .  75 

Appropriation,  1922  . . $320,000 


222 


STATE  HOSPITAL  AT  MORGANTON 

(Western  Hospital  for  the  Insane) 

Ch.  103,  C.  S.  (except  Secs.  6156-7-8-9,  which  are  repealed);  Ch.  183, 

P.  L.  1921;  Ch.  193,  P.  L.  1921. 

John  McCampbell,  M.D.,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors — Nine;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer  ex  officio. 

Appointment— By  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Six  years,  each  group  of  three  overlapping. 

Qualification— No  two  shall  he  residents  of  same  county. 

FUNCTION 

See  State  Hospital  at  Raleigh.  Morganton  differs  in  that  it  does  not 
receive  Indian  patients  or  epileptics. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  provide  for  the  accommodation,  mainte¬ 
nance,  care  and  treatment  of  legally  committed  white  insane  and 
inebriates  from  within  the  district  served. 


Established  . 1875 

Buildings  .  17 

Acreage  . , . 1130 

Patients  . 1450 

Attendants  .  100 

Appropriation,  1922  . $425,000 


223 


STATE  HOSPITAL  AT  GOLDSBORO 

(Eastern  Hospital  for  the  Colored  Insane) 

Ch.  103,  C.  S.  (except  Secs.  6156-7-8-9,  which  are  repealed);  Ch.  183, 

P.  L.  1921;  Ch.  193,  P.  L.  1921. 

W.  W.  Faison,  M.D.,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors — Nine;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer,  ex  officio. 

Appointment — By  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Six  years,  each  group  of  three  overlapping. 

Qualification — No  two  shall  be  residents  of  same  county. 

FUNCTION 

See  State  Hospital  at  Raleigh.  Goldsboro  differs  in  that  it  receives 
only  colored  insane. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  provide  for  the  accommodation,  mainte¬ 
nance,  care  and  treatment  of  legally  committed  colored  insane  patients 
and  inebriates,  resident  in  the  State  of  North  Carolina. 


Established  .  1880 

Buildings . 13 

Acreage  .  725 

Value  of  buildings  and  equipment  ..  $1,000,000 

Value  of  land .  $100,000 

Patients .  1116 

Attendants  .  52 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $220,000 


224 


CASWELL  TRAINING  SCHOOL  (Kinston) 

Art.  12,  Ch.  96,  C.  S.  (except  Sec.  5896,  which  is  repealed);  Ch.  183,  P.  L. 

1921;  Ch.  193,  P.  L.  1921. 


C.  Banks  McNairy,  M.D.,  Superintendent. 


Board  of  Directors — Nine;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer  ex  officio. 

Appointment — By  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Six  years,  each  group  of  three  overlapping. 

Qualification — No  two  shall  be  residents  of  same  county. 

FUNCTION 

See  State  Hospital  at  Raleigh.  Function  and  powers  of  the  Board 
are  the  same. 

Object  and  Purpose:  Sec.  5895,  C.  S.  “To  segregate,  care  for, 
train  and  educate  as  their  mentality  will  permit,  the  State’s  mental  de¬ 
fectives;  to  disseminate  knowledge  concerning  the  extent,  nature  and 
menace  of  mental  deficiency;  to  suggest  and  initiate  methods  for  its 
control,  reduction  and  ultimate  eradication ;  to  maintain  an  extension 
bureau  for  instructing  the  public  in  the  care  of  the  mental  defectives 
who  remain  in  their  homes  and  for  the  after-care  of  discharged  inmates ; 
to  create  and  maintain  a  psychological  clinic  for  the  study  and  obser¬ 
vation  of  mental  defectives  charged  with  crime,  and  to  give  expert  advice 
in  all  cases  of  mental  defect.” 


Established  . 

Buildings  . 

Acreage  . 

Value  of  buildings  and  equipment  .. 

Value  of  land  . 

Pupils  . 

Employees . 

Appropriation,  1922  . 


$550,000 

$40,000 


$80,000 


1911 

11 

950 


322 

50 


225 


STATE  PRISON  (Raleigh) 

Ch.  130,  C.  S. 

Geo.  Ross  Potj,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors  (5) — One  chairman;  four  other  members;  State 
Treasurer,  Treasurer,  ex  officio. 

Appointment — By  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Pour  years;  four  years  overlapping. 

Compensation — $4  per  diem  and  5  cents  mileage. 

FUNCTION 

To  direct  and  manage  the  affairs  of  the  State  Prison  and  State  Hos¬ 
pital  for  the  Dangerous  Insane;  to  provide  for  the  accommodation, 
maintenance,  training,  regulation,  discipline,  classification  and  employ¬ 
ment  of  all  persons  committed  to  the  State  Prison  and  for  the  accommo¬ 
dation,  maintenance,  regulation  and  treatment  of  the  criminally  insane 
committed  to  its  custody  or  transferred  from  the  State  Prison. 

To  employ  such  officers  and  employees  as  it  deems  necessary  and  to 
fix  their  compensation  and  prescribe  their  duties;  to  adopt  and  enforce 
such  rules  and  regulations  for  the  government  of  the  institutions,  its 
agents  and  employees  and  the  inmates  confined  therein  as  they  may 
deem  just  and  proper;  to  “farm  out”  inmates  of  the  State  Prison  as 
prescribed  by  law  and  to  maintain  and  operate  a  State  farm  and  prison 
camps  on  which  inmates  may  be  quartered  and  worked. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction  work,  enlargements  and  permanent 
improvements;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  equipment  and 
materials. 

Chairman  of  Board  :  The  Board  may  allow  its  chairman  a  salary 
in  lieu  of  per  diem  and  mileage,  and  confer  such  authority,  and  impose 
such  duties  upon  him  in  reference  to  the  management  of  the  institution 
as  it  may  think  proper ;  to  act  as  member  of  Advisory  Board  of  Control. 

Treasurer:  The  State  Treasurer  is  the  ex  officio  Treasurer  of  the 
State  Prison  and  State  Hospital  for  the  Dangerous  Insane,  and  as  such 
shall  keep  all  accounts  of  the  institutions  and  shall  pay  out  all  moneys 
upon  the  warrant  of  the  respective  chief  officers,  countersigned  by  two 
members  of  the  Board  of  Directors.  He  shall  perform  his  duties  under 
such  regulations  as  prescribed  by  the  Board  with  the  approval  of  the 
Governor.  Canceled  vouchers  to  be  deposited  with  the  institutions 
annually. 

Inspections:  Construction  of  State  camps  must  be  in  accordance 
with  plans  approved  by  the  State  Highway  Commission  and  the  State 
— 15 


226 


Board  of  Health.  The  sanitary  and  hygienic  care  of  prisoners  shall  be 
under  the  direction,  supervision  and  regulation  of  the  State  Board  of 
Health,  same  applying  to  the  State  Prison,  State  farm,  and  State  and 
county  camps,  and  such  regulations  regarding  clothes,  bedding,  table¬ 
ware  and  bathing  for  the  prisoners  shall  be  carried  out  by  the  Board  of 
Directors. 

Reports  :  Board  of  Directors  shall  make  to  the  Governor  a  full  report 
of  the  financial  and  physical  condition  of  the  State  Prison  annually 
and  at  such  other  times  as  the  Governor  may  require. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  execute  the  law  with  reference  to  persons 
confined  in  the  State  Prison;  to  provide  for  their  maintenance,  care, 
and  for  their  moral  betterment  as  far  as  practicable;  to  regulate  their 
conduct,  employment  and  activities. 

Established  .  1869 

Value  of  buildings . $1,225,000 

Acreage  . 7,300 

Inmates  .  825 

Employees .  134 

Appropriation,  none  (Prison  is  self-sustaining.) 


227 


STATE  HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  DANGEROUS  INSANE 

Art.  6,  Ch.  10  3  C.  S. 


The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  State  Prison  is  ex  officio  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  Hospital  for  the  Dangerous  Insane,  which  is  an  adjunct 
of  the  State  Prison.  The  Hospital,  however,  is  a  legally  constituted 
corporation. 


FUNCTION 

As  far  as  practicable,  the  statutes  relating  to  the  government  of  the 
State  hospitals  for  the  insane  apply  to  the  government  of  the  State 
Hospital  for  the  Dangerous  Insane,  except  that  there  shall  he  elected 
only  such  assistants  and  other  officers  as  the  Board  of  Directors  may 
think  proper. 

Physician  :  Appointed  by  Board  of  Directors  for  a  term  of  four 
years.  Must  be  a  skilled  physician.  He  shall  have  same  powers  and 
perform  same  duties  as  the  superintendents  of  other  State  hospitals  and 
such  additional  duties  as  may  be  prescribed ;  to  make  a  special  study 
of  penology  and  crime  in  all  its  aspects,  and  to  submit  a  biennial  report 
thereof  to  the  Board  of  Directors  for  transmission  to  the  Governor  and 
the  General  Assembly. 

Inspections  :  Superintendents  of  other  State  hospitals  shall  visit 
from  time  to  time,  and  at  least  once  a  year  each,  for  consultation  and 
advice,  and  they  shall  report  to  the  Board  of  Directors  with  such  sug¬ 
gestions  as  they  may  deem  proper  and  best  for  the  government  of  the 
hospital  and  for  the  treatment  of  the  patients,  but  their  power  shall  be 
advisory  only. 

Sec.  6168,  C.  S.  Board  of  State  Charities  are  ex  officio  visitors  to 
the  hospital.  To  visit  from  time  to  time  and  report  with  suitable  recom¬ 
mendations  to  the  General  Assembly. 

Sec.  7714,  C.  S.  State  Board  of  Health  has  supervision  and  regula¬ 
tion  of  the  sanitary  and  hygienic  care  of  the  patients  and  the  Board  of 
Directors  must  carry  out  its  recommendations. 

Reports  :  See  Inspections. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  execute  the  law  with  reference  to  persons 
committed  or  transferred  to  the  State  Hospital  for  the  Dangerous  In¬ 
sane;  to  provide  for  their  maintenance,  supervision,  care  and  treatment. 


228 


STONEWALL  JACKSON  MANUAL  TRAINING  AND 
INDUSTRIAL  SCHOOL  (Concord) 

Art.  1,  Ch.  121,  C.  S. 

Charles  E.  Boger,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Trustees — Fifteen. 

'Appointment— By  Governor. 

Term — Six  years,  three  classes,  overlapping  terms. 

Compensation — N  one. 

FUNCTION 

To  have  management  and  control  of  school;  to  employ  superintendent 
and  other  assistants,  prescribe  their  duties  and  fix  their  salaries;  to 
establish  and  conduct  such  work  shops,  agricultural,  horticultural  and 
other  pursuits  as  they  may  deem  .expedient  so  as  to  keep  regularly  at 
work  all  able-bodied  inmates;  to  make  suitable  rules  and  regulations 
necessary  to  the  proper  government  of  the  school ;  to  receive  gifts,  dona¬ 
tions,  etc. ;  to  secure  homes  for  inmates. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  enlargement  and  permanent  im¬ 
provements  ;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  materials  and  equipment. 

Superintendent:  To  receive  all  children  under  the  age  of  16  years; 
committed  to  the  institution  by  competent  authority;  to  cause  them 
to  be  instructed  in  rudimentary  branches  of  useful  knowledge,  and  taught 
useful  trades  and  given  manual  training  subject  to  discretion  of  Board ; 
to  maintain  discipline.  The  Governor  may  transfer  prisoners  under 
16,  from  jail,  chain-gang  or  penitentiary  to  the  reformatory  and  vice 
versa. 

Inspections  :  State  Board  of  Charities.  Governor  to  visit  once  a 
year  or  oftener,  to  make  suggestions  to  the  Board  of  Trustees. 

Reports:  To  report  receipts  and  expenditures.  Time  and  manner 
of  report  not  specified,  nor  to  whom  report  shall  be  made. 

Objects  and  Purpose:  To  establish  and  operate  a  school  for  the 
training,  and  moral  and  industrial  development  of  the  criminally  delin¬ 


quent  children  of  the  State  under  16  years. 

Established  .  1907 

Buildings  .  24 

Acreage  .  330 

Value  of  buildings  and  equipment  . $558,333 

Value  of  land .  $55,000 

Pupils  . 360 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $40,000 


Also  $200  per  capita  in  excess  of  100  hoys. 


229 


STATE  HOME  AND  INDUSTRIAL  SCHOOL  FOR  GIRLS 
AND  WOMEN  (Samarcand) 

Art.  2,  Ch.  121,  C.  S.;  Ch.  69,  P.  L.  1921 — Extra  Session. 

Board  of  Managers — Five. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

T erm — Five  years,  overlapping. 

Compensation — Necessary  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  have  general  superintendence,  management  and  control  of  the 
institution;  of  the  grounds  and  buildings  and  officers  and  employees 
thereof;  of  the  inmates  therein  and  all  matters  relating  to  the  govern¬ 
ment,  discipline,  contracts  and  fiscal  concerns  thereof;  and  may  make 
suitable  rules  and  regulations  to  carry  out  the  purpose  of  the  institu¬ 
tion  ;  to  receive  in  its  discretion  all  persons  committed  by  competent 
authority  or  voluntarily;  to  act  as  the  Board  of  Parole  and  to  discharge 
or  parole  any  inmate  at  any  time,  provided  that  period  of  detention 
shall  in  no  case  exceed  three  years ;  provided,  that  girls  committed  under 
21,  may  he  kept  until  they  are  21  years  old;  to  make  suitable  provi¬ 
sion  for  care  and  maintenance  of  children  born  in  the  institution  or 
infants  of  inmates;  to  provide  industrial  training  for  each  inmate. 

To  appoint  from  its  members  a  president,  secretary  and  a  treasurer 
whose  terms  shall  be  for  one  year;  to  appoint  a  woman  superintendent; 
to  fix  the  compensation  of  the  superintendent,  all  officers  and  employees 
and  prescribe  duties  of  each;  to  adopt  by-laws,  fixing  time  and  place  of 
board  meetings,  and  making  such  other  provisions  as  may  be  necessary 
for  the  proper  management  of  the  institution;  to  accept  gifts,  bequests, 
etc.,  made  to  the  institution. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  enlargement  and  permanent  im¬ 
provements  ;  to  purchase  all  supplies,  material  and  equipment. 

Superintendent:  Woman  of  experience  and  training.  Term  and 
duties  not  specified.  To  secure  the  safe-keeping,  obedience  and  good 
order  of  inmates,  the  superintendent  has  same  power  as  given  to  keep¬ 
ers  of  jails  and  other  penal  institutions. 

Reports:  None  specified. 

Inspections  :  State  Board  of  Charities. 

Object  and  Purpose  :  To  establish  and  maintain  a  detention  home 
and  industrial  school  for  immoral,  inebriate  and  wayward  girls  and 
women,  and  to  provide  for  their  safe-keeping,  employment  and  rehabili¬ 
tation.  The  school  was  established  in  1917. 

Ch.  85,  P.  L.  1921,  Extra  Session,  amends  Ch.  86,  P.  L.  1921  (appro¬ 
priation  act).  Provides  that  in  addition  to  regular  appropriation, 
namely,  $55,000,  $200  per  capita  is  appropriated  in  excess  of  150 
(instead  of  175)  inmates. 


230 


STATE  TRAINING  SCHOOL  FOR  NEGRO  BOYS 

Ch.  190,  P.  L.  1921. 

Board  of  Trustees — Five. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Five  years,  overlapping. 

Compensation — Expenses  only. 

FUNCTION 

To  select  a  location  to  be  approved  by  Governor,  to  erect  buildings 
and  to  otherwise  prepare  for  the  opening  and  maintenance  of  the  school; 
to  appoint  a  superintendent  and  other  employees;  to  make  rules  for  its 
own  meetings  and  guidance ;  to  have  general  superintendence,  manage¬ 
ment  and  control  of  the  institution,  of  the  grounds  and  buildings,  offi¬ 
cers  and  employees  thereof,  of  the  inmates  therein  and  all  matters 
relating  to  the  government,  discipline,  contracts  and  fiscal  concerns 
thereof;  to  have  right  to  keep,  restrain  and  control  inmates  until  such 
time  as  they  deem  proper  for  discharge  under  proper  and  humane  rules 
as  they  may  adopt ;  to  constitute  a  board  of  parole  with  power  to  parole, 
discharge  and  retake  inmates  where  necessary;  to  receive  in  its  dis¬ 
cretion  delinquent  negro  boys  under  16  years  committed  under  compe¬ 
tent  authority,  such  commitment  being  indeterminate  and  may  con¬ 
tinue  or  terminate  at  discretion  of  Board,  not  to  exceed  age  of  majority 
of  inmate. 

Reports:  None  specified. 

Inspections  :  State  Board  of  Charities. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  establish  and  maintain  a  training  school 
for  the  moral  and  industrial  development  of  delinquent  negro  boys 
of  the  State  under  16  years. 

Note:  This  school  has  not  yet  been  opened,  owing  to  delay  in  loca¬ 
ting  site.  Appropriation  has  been  turned  over  to  Oxford  Colored 
Orphanage,  who  are  temporarily  receiving  delinquent  boys,  in  such 
amounts  as  may  be  approved  by  the  Governor  and  Council  of  State. 
$25,000  was  appropriated  for  building  purposes  and  $10,000  for  mainte¬ 
nance. 


231 


STATE  SCHOOL  FOR  THE  BLIND  AND  DEAF  (Raleigh) 

Art.  10,  Ch.  96,  C.  S. 

G.  E.  Li  neberry,  S uperintendent. 

Board  of  Directors — Eleven  members;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer 
ex  officio. 

Appointment — By  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Six  years  overlapping. 

Compensation — Traveling  expenses. 


FUNCTION 


To  make  by-laws  regulating  the  government  of  the  institution;  to 
elect  a  president,  executive  committee,  superintendent  and  other  officers 
and  fix  their  compensation;  to  erect  necessary  buildings,  make  improve¬ 
ments;  to  regulate  the  admission  of  pupils  from  this  and  other  states; 
to  confer  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Superintendent  and  Faculty 
such  degrees  or  marks  of  literary  distinction  as  necessary  to  encourage 
merit;  to  meet  at  stated  times  and  also  at  such  other  times  as  it  may 
deem  necessary. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  permanent  improvements  and  re¬ 
pairs;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  materials  and  equipment. 

Treasurer:  To  report  to  Board  as  requested,  showing  receipts,  ex¬ 
penditures  and  balance. 

Superintendent  :  To  have  charge  of  the  institution  in  all  its  depart¬ 
ments  and  to  perform  such  duties  as  are  incumbent  upon  such  officer; 
to  employ  all  employees  and  fix  their  compensation,  subject  to  the  ap¬ 
proval  of  the  Board;  term  of  office  three  years;  secretary  ea;  officio  of 
the  Board. 


Branches:  1.  Main  Department:  All  white  blind  children. 

2.  Colored  Department :  All  colored  blind  children  and 
deaf  mutes. 

Inspections:  State  Board  of  Charities  and  Public  Welfare. 

Reports  :  To  report  to  the  Governor  biennially  in  year  of  meeting 
of  General  Assembly,  showing  the  condition  of  the  institution  in  its 
various  departments  and  to  give  any  information  the  Governor  shall 
desire  from  time  to  time. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  receive,  care  for  and  treat  for  purposes 
of  education,  all  white  blind  children,  and  all  colored  deaf  mutes  and 
blind  children  residents  of  this  State,  not  of  confirmed  immoral  charac¬ 
ter,  nor  imbecile,  nor  unsound  in  mind,  not  incapacitated  by  physical 


232 


infirmity  for  useful  instruction,  who  are  between  the  ages  of  seven  and 
twenty-one  years,  provided  that  applications  are  made  and  applicants 
are  received  at  the  commencement  of  same  scholastic  year. 

Literary  Work — Kindergarten  through  four  years  of  high  school 
paralleling  courses  approved  hy  State  Board  of  Education.  Courses 
in  music.  Girls :  Fancy  work  and  sewing.  Boys:  Broom  and  mattress 
shops  and  piano  tuning.  Deaf  also  receive  training  in  shoe  shops,  car¬ 
pentry  work  and  agricultural  work  on  the  school  farm.  Child  gets  voca¬ 
tional  as  well  as  literary  training. 


Established  . . .  1845 

Buildings  .  7 

Acreage .  122 

Value  of  buildings  and  equipment . $200,000 

Value  of  land  . - . $  80,000 

Students  .  140 

Faculty  . 23 

Appropriation,  1922  . $130,000 


233 


NORTH  CAROLINA  SCHOOL  FOR  THE  DEAF  (Morganton) 

Art.  11,  Ch.  96,  C.  S. 

E.  McK.  Goodwin,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors — Seven  members;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer  ex 
officio. 

Appointment — By  Governor  with  consent  of  Senate. 

Term — Six  years  overlapping. 

Qualification — iNot  more  than  two  shall  be  from  same  county. 

FUNCTION 

To  make  suitable  by-laws  for  the  proper  management  of  the  school 
and  its  officers;  to  conduct  school  on  self-sustaining  basis  as  far  as  pos¬ 
sible;  to  appoint  a  president  and  an  executive  committee  whose  terms 
shall  be  for  two  years;  to  elect  a  superintendent  and  other  officers,  teach¬ 
ers  and  agents  as  deemed  necessary,  and  fix  their  compensation;  to  fix 
charges  and  prescribe  rules  whereby  non-resident  deaf  children  may  be 
admitted ;  to  provide  for  the  instruction  of  all  pupils  in  courses  of  study 
as  prescribed  by  law  for  public  schools,  and  in  such  other  branches  as 
may  be  of  special  benefit  to  the  deaf. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  permanent  improvements,  and 
repairs;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  materials,  and  equipment. 

Superintendent  :  Term  of  three  years,  ex  officio  secretary  of  the 
Board.  Teacher  of  knowledge,  skill  and  ability  in  his  profession  and  ex¬ 
perience  and  management  and  instruction  of  the  deaf;  chief  executive 
officer;  to  devote  whole  time  to  supervision  of  the  institution;  to  see  that 
pupils  are  instructed  in  various  branches  of  learning  and  industrial  pur¬ 
suits  as  prescribed  by  law  and  board;  to  recommend  to  board  teachers 
and  subordinate  officers. 

Branches:  1.  Literary  Department,  Methods— (1)  Oral;  (2)  Manual. 

2.  Vocational  and  Industrial  Departments. 

Boys :  Farming  and  Gardening,  Woodwork  and  Carpentry,  Printing, 
Shoemaking  and  Tailoring. 

Girls:  General  Domestic  work,  including  cooking,  plain  sewing  and 
dressmaking. 

Small  Children :  Primary  handicraft. 

Inspections:  State  Board  of  Charities  and  Public  Welfare. 

Reports  :  None  specified. 

Object  and  Purpose:  “To  receive  into  the  school  for  purpose  of 
education  all  white  deaf  children  resident  of  the  State,  not  of  confirmed 


234 


immoral  character  nor  imbecile  or  unsound  in  mind  or  incapacitated  by- 
physical  infirmity  for  useful  instruction  who  are  between  the  ages  of 
eight  and  twenty-three  years.”  Only  bona  fide  residents  of  two  years 
standing  eligible  for  free  tuition  and  maintenance. 


Established  .  1894 

Buildings .  5 

Acreage  .  327 

Value  of  buildings  and  equipment . $1,000,000 

Value  of  land  . $  60,000 

Students  .  303 

Teachers  . 35 

Appropriation,  1922  . $  110,000 


235 


NORTH  CAROLINA  SANATORIUM  FOR  THE  TREATMENT 
OF  TUBERCULOSIS  (Sanatorium,  N.  C.) 

Art.  13,  Ch.  118,  C.  S. 

L.  B.  McBrayer,  M.D.,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors  (9) — State  Board  of  Health  ex  officio. 

Term — Six  years  overlapping. 

Compensation — $4  per  diem  and  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  appoint  officials  of  the  hospital  and  fix  their  salaries;  to  determine 
the  qualifications  for  admission  as  patients;  to  promulgate  such  regula¬ 
tions  as  shall  make  the  institution  as  nearly  self-supporting  as  shall  be 
consistent  with  the  purpose  of  its  creation. 

To  receive  indigent  tuberculous  from  town  or  county  officials  in  con¬ 
sideration  of  payment  not  to  exceed  $1.00  per  day  per  patient;  and  to 
perform  such  other  functions  necessary  and  incident  to  the  proper 
management  and  maintenance  of  the  institution ;  to  receive  gifts  or 
donations  for  the  benefit  of  the  State  Sanatorium. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  enlargement  and  permanent  im¬ 
provements;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  materials  and  equipment; 
to  maintain  a  bureau  of  tuberculosis  at  its  offices  in  Raleigh. 

Bureau  of  Tuberculosis:  To  keep  a  register  of  all  persons  in  this 
State  known  to  be  afflicted  with  tuberculosis;  such  information  being 
reported  to  the  Bureau  by  all  physicians  and  executive  officers  of  every 
private  or  public  hospital,  institution  for  the  treatment  of  disease  or 
dispensary;  to  develop  and  maintain  a  correspondence  school  with 
those  of  the  State’s  tuberculous  population,  to  the  end  that  they  shall 
be  properly  advised  and  directed  both  as  to  methods  of  cure  and  pre¬ 
venting  spread  of  infection. 

Inspection  :  State  Board  of  Charities  and  State  Board  of  Health. 

Reports:  None  specified. 


Established  .  1907 

Buildings  .  30 

Value  . : . $512,000 

Acreage  .  1200 

Value  .  $54,750 

Patients  .  100 

Appropriation,  1922  . $100,000 

Sanatorium  .  $85,000 

Tuberculosis  Bureau  .  $15,000 


236 


NORTH  CAROLINA  ORTHOPAEDIC  HOSPITAL  (Gastonia) 

Art.  1,  Ch.  119,  C.  S. 

Robert  H.  Babington,  President. 

Board  of  Trustees — Nine. 

Appointment — By  Governor. 

Term — Six  years,  tliree  classes  with  overlapping  terms. 

Compensation — None  specified. 

FUNCTION 

To  direct  and  manage  the  affairs  of  the  institution;  to  provide  for 
the  accommodation,  maintenance  and  treatment  of  crippled  children 
committed  to  its  care;  to  elect  from  its  members  a  president,  secretary, 
treasurer  and  an  executive  committee  of  three;  to  prescribe  the  duties 
of  the  executive  committee ;  to  appoint  a  superintendent,  and  to  perform 
such  other  functions  as  are  necessary  to  the  proper  administration  of  the 
hospital. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction,  enlargement  and  permanent  im¬ 
provements;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  materials  and  equipment. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  scientifically  treat,  heal  and  teach  the 
orphaned  poor  and  neglected  crippled  and  deformed  children  of  sound 
mind  of  North  Carolina. 


Established  .  1909 

Acreage  . .  28 

Value  of  land  .  $28,500 

Value  of  buildings  . $200,000 

Appropriation,  1922  .  $37,000 


237 


SOLDIERS’  HOME  (Raleigh) 

Art.  1,  Ch.  92,  C.  S.;  Corporate  Name  “Soldiers  Home  Association.” 

J.  A.  Wiggs,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors — Seven;  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer  ex  officio. 

Appointment— Three  elected  by  Association;  four  appointed  by  Gov¬ 
ernor. 

Term — One  year. 

Compensation — Not  specified. 

FUNCTION 

To  appoint  all  otficers  and  employees  and  prescribe  tbeir  duties;  to 
establish  rules  and  regulations  for  the  maintenance  and  government  of 
the  home  and  to  have  entire  control  and  management  of  it;  to  prescribe 
rules  for  admission  and  discharge;  to  take  necessary  action  in  reference 
to  collection  and  disbursement  of  subscriptions  to  the  Home  or  to  other 
needy  veterans ;  to  have  their  accounts  audited  and  published. 

To  appoint  an  advisory  board  of  lady  managers;  to  cause  to  be  kept 
a  minute  book  of  the  home  in  which  full  entries  shall  be  kept  concerning 
memorable  incidents  in  the  lives  of  the  inmates ;  to  form  a  museum  of 
Confederate  relics  and  to  perpetuate  historical  records  of  North  Caro¬ 
lina  Confederate  Soldiers;  to  pay  an  annual  pension  of  $12.00  in  quar¬ 
terly  installments  to  each  inmate;  to  purchase  one  suit  or  uniform  of 
Confederate  gray  each  year,  if  necessary,  for  each  inmate. 

To  have  charge  of  all  construction  and  permanent  repairs  and  im¬ 
provements;  to  purchase  necessary  supplies,  materials  and  equipment. 

Advisory  Board  of  Lady  Managers  :  Appointed  by  Board  of  Direc¬ 
tors,  one  from  each  congressional  district,  for  such  term  as  prescribed 
by  board;  to  assist  the  directors  in  the  management  of  the  Home;  to 
solicit  contributions  for  the  Home  and  to  perform  such  other  duties  as 
prescribed  by  board. 

Treasurer  :  Sec.  7529,  C.  S.  To  file  monthly  statements  of  disburse¬ 
ments  on  the  15th  of  each  month  with  State  Auditor;  to  make  reports 
to  Governor  from  time  to  time  as  required  by  him. 

Object  and  Purpose  :  To  provide  a  home  for  deserving  and  needy 
North  Carolina  Confederate  Veterans;  to  promote  their  welfare,  pre¬ 
serve  their  health  and  to  perpetuate  their  memorable  deeds.  Number 
of  inmates  (1922),  111.  The  Home  was  established  in  1890.  The  an¬ 
nual  appropriation  by  the  State  for  1922  was  $60,000. 


238 


CONFEDERATE  WOMEN’S  HOME  (Fayetteville) 

Art.  2,  Ch.  92,  C.  S. ;  Corporate  Name  “Confederate  Women’s 

Home  Association.’’ 

Miss  N.  W.  Williams,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors — Seven.  Board  elects  own  president  and  secre¬ 
tary.  State  Treasurer,  Treasurer  ex  officio. 

Appointment— By  Governor. 

Term — Two  years. 

Compensation — Actual  expenses. 

FUNCTION 

To  appoint  all  officers  and  employees  and  prescribe  their  duties;  to 
establish  rules  and  regulations  for  the  government  and  maintenance  of 
the  Home  and  to  have  entire  control  and  management  of  it ;  to  prescribe 
rules  for  admission  and  discharge;  to  take  necessary  action  in  reference 
to  the  collection  and  disbursement  of  subscriptions  to  the  Home  or  to 
needy  Confederate  women  elsewhere  in  the  State;  to  have  their  accounts 
duly  audited  and  published ;  to  appoint  an  advisory  board  of  lady 
managers. 

Advisory  Board  of  Lady  Managers  :  Appointed  by  the  Board  of 
Directors,  one  from  each  congressional  district,  for  a  term  of  two  years; 
to  assist  the  Board  in  the  management  of  the  Home  and  solicit  contri¬ 
butions. 

Treasurer:  For  duties  see  Board  of  Directors  Central  Hospital  for 
the  Insane  (Raleigh.) 

Reports  :  Reports  of  receipts  and  disbursements  and  the  general 
affairs  of  the  Home  shall  be  made  annually  to  the  Governor  to  be  by  him 
laid  before  the  General  Assembly  at  its  biennial  session.  To  report  on 
the  15th  of  each  month  to  the  State  Auditor,  disbursements  of  month 
preceding.  , 

Objects  and  Purpose:  To  establish,  maintain  and  govern  a  Home 
for  the  deserving  wives  and  widows  of  North  Carolina  Confederate 
soldiers  and  other  worthy  dependent  women  of  the  Confederacy  wffio 
are  bona  fide  residents  of  North  Carolina.  The  Home  was  established 
in  1913.  The  appropriation  for  1922  by  the  State  was  $10,000. 


239 


OXFORD  ORPHAN  ASYLUM  (Oxford) 

No  statutory  reference.  A  semi-private  institution  subsidized 

by  State  funds. 

R.  L.  Brown,  Superintendent. 

Board  of  Directors — 

Appointment — Three  by  Governor.  Other  members  appointed  by 
Grand  Lodge  F.  and  A.  M. 


FUNCTION 

To  provide  adequate  quarters,  maintenance  and  educational  facilities 
for  homeless  children. 

“The  institution  is  providing  the  necessities  of  life  for  homeless  chil¬ 
dren,  the  opportunity  to  acquire  an  English  education,  industrial  train¬ 
ing  in  cottages,  kitchen,  sewing  room,  domestic  science,  laundry,  shoe 
shop,  dairy  and  on  farm.  Each  child  is  in  school  at  least  the  half  of 
each  school  day  during  the  school  term  of  nine  and  a  half  months. 
Moral  and  religious  instruction  is  prominent  in  the  work.”  (Red  Book, 
1921,  page  197). 

Reports  :  Annual  report  of  operations  made  to  Governor,  State 
Board  of  Public  Charities  and  to  the  Grand  Lodge  F.  and  A.  M.  of 
North  Carolina.  Monthly  report  of  disbursements  to  the  State  Auditor. 

Inspections  :  By  State  Board  of  Charities. 

Object  and  Purpose:  To  provide  a  temporary  home  and  training 
school  for  the  education,  industrial  and  moral  instruction  of  destitute 
and  homeless  white  children  of  the  State,  not  over  twelve  years  of  age 
and  who  are  of  sound  mind  and  body. 


Established  .  1872 

Buildings  . 28 

Acreage  .  242 

Value  of  buildings  and  lands . $500,000 

Children  .  378 

Officers  and  teachers  .  44 

State  appropriation,  (1922)  .  $30,000 

Income,  other  sources..... . ...$114,000 


240 


NORTH  CAROLINA  ORPHANAGE  FOR  THE 
COLORED  RACE  (Oxford) 

No  statutory  reference.  A  semi-private  institution  subsidized 

by  State  funds. 

Henry  P.  Cheatham,  Superintendent. 

FUNCTION 

Xo  statutory  reference  to  powers  of  board,  function,  etc.  The  insti¬ 
tution  was  founded  by  the  Colored  Baptist  Church. 

Inspections:  By  State  Board  of  Charities. 

On.TECT  and  Purpose:  To  provide  a  home  for  the  fatherless  and 
homeless  children  of  the  colored  race  without  regard  to  religious  sects. 

Ch.  70,  P.  L. — Extra  Session,  1021.  Provides  that  the  $25,000  ap¬ 
propriated  for  building  and  $10,000  for  maintenance  of  the  proposed 
colored  reformatory  be  transferred  to  colored  orphanage  at  Oxford,  in 
such  amount  as  Governor  and  Council  of  State  may  deem  wise  and 
advisable,  owing  to  inability  to  locate  site  for  reformatory.  Oxford 
now  receives  some  delinquents. 


Established  . 1883 

Buildings  .  10 

Acreage .  234 

Value  of  buildings  and  land .  $60,000 

Children  .  185 

Officers  and  teachers  .  9 

State  appropriations,  1922 .  $20,000 


241 


EXHIBIT  II 

DUPLICATION  AND  OVERLAPPING  OF  FUNCTIONS 

Engineering 

State  Board  of  Education — Sec.  7605,  C.  S.  Reclamation  of  swamp 
lands,  etc.,  surveys,  drainage,  construction  of  canals,  roads,  and  ditches. 

Geological  Board — Sec.  6123,  C.  S.  Cooperation  with  local  town  and 
county  authorities  in  the  locating,  construction,  and  improvement  of 
roads. 

Sec.  4963,  C.  S.  Surveying  proposed  agricultural  districts  and  ap¬ 
proving  boundaries,  drainage,  and  road  plans. 

State  Highway  Commission — Ch.  2,  P.  L.  1921.  Locating,  construct¬ 
ing,  and  improving  State  highways. 

Taxation 

State  Board  of  Education — Sec.  7611,  C.  S.  Assessment  of  private 
property  benefited  through  reclamation  of  adjoining  State  lands,  and 
collection  of  such  taxes. 

Department  of  Revenue—  Ch.  40,  P.  L.  1921.  Collection  of  income, 
inheritance,  and  other  taxes. 

Insurance  Department — Sec.  67,  Ch.  34,  P.  L.  1921.  Collection  of 
taxes  from  all  classes  of  insurance  companies  on  the  basis  of  21/o  per  cent 
upon  the  gross  premium  receipts  in  this  State. 

Treasurer  s  Office — Ch.  34,  P.  L.  1921.  To  collect  certain  privilege 
taxes  as  indicated  in  Schedules  B  and  C. 

Auditor  s  Office — Sec.  4  et  seq.,  Ch.  34,  P.  L.  1921.  Statements  to 
corporations  and  sheriffs  of  franchise  taxes  due;  and  to  certify  to  Treas¬ 
urer  amounts  on  which  certain  privilege  taxes  are  payable. 

Department  of  Agriculture — Sec.  62,  Ch.  34,  P.  L.  1921.  Certifica¬ 
tions  to  sheriffs  of  sales  of  leaf  tobacco  on  which  assessments  are  made. 

Sec.  4856,  C.  S.  Collection  of  inspection  tax  on  gasoline  and  illumi¬ 
nating  oils. 

Sec.  4702,  C.  S.  Collection  of  tonnage  tax  on  fertilizers. 

Secretary  of  State — Secs.  32-38,  Ch.  2,  P.  L.  1921.  Collection  of 
gasoline  road  tax. 

Natural  Resources 

Department  of  Agriculture — Sec.  4686,  C.  S.  To  “investigate  and 
report  upon  the  conditions  of  timber  in  North  Carolina  and  recommend 
such  legislation  as  will  promote  the  growth  thereof  and  preserve  the 
same.” 

Sec.  4688,  C.  S.  To  “supervise  all  measures  for  the  propagation  and 
culture  of  fish  in  the  rivers  and  inland  waters  of  the  State,” 

—16 


242 


and  to  enforce  “the  provisions  of  law  in  reference  to  the  free  passage  of 
fish  through  certain  waterways  of  the  State.” 

Geological  Board — Sec.  6121,  C.  S.  “.  .  examination  of  the 

streams  and  water-powers  of  the  State  with  special  reference  to  the 
development  for  manufacturing  enterprises  and  the  preservation  of  the 
sources  of  these  streams  through  the  protection  of  the  forests, 
examination  and  classification  of  the  soils,  the  forests,  .  .  .” 

Department  of  Labor  and  Printing — Art.  2,  Ch.  120,  C.  S.  To  “col¬ 
lect  and  collate  information  and  statistics  concerning  the  location,  esti¬ 
mated  and  actual  water-power,  and  condition  of  valuable  wrater-powers, 
developed  and  undeveloped,  in  this  State;  .  .  .  also  of  timber  lands 

and  timbers.” 

Fisheries  Commission  Board — Sec.  1883,  C.  S.  The  fish  commis¬ 
sioner  shall  “enforce  all  acts  relating  to  the  fish  and  fisheries  of  North 
Carolina;  ...  to  regulate  openings  for  the  passage  of  fish  in  all 
inlets,  sounds  and  streams;  ...  to  collect  and  compile  statistics 
showing  the  annual  product  of  the  fisheries  of  the  State,  the  capital 
invested,  and  the  apparatus  employed.”  To  investigate  and  study  “the 
habits  of  the  fish  in  the  waters  of  the  State.” 

Rural  Library  Work 

Library  Commission — Sec.  6599,  C.  S.  To  establish  and  maintain 
traveling  libraries  in  rural  communities. 

State  Board  of  E duration — Art.  30,  Ch.  95,  C.  S.  To  assist  in  the 
establishment  of  rural  libraries. 

Vocational  Education 

Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction — Art.  23,  Ch.  95,  C.  S.  To 
“prepare  or  have  prepared  courses  of  study  in  Agriculture,  Manual 
Training,  and  Home  Economics  for  use  in  the  public  schools  of  the 
State,”  same  to  be  printed  and  “used  as  supplementary  texts  and  guides 
in  teaching  these  subjects  in  all  public  schools.”  ...  To  “prepare  a 
system  of  credits,  whereby  the  boys  and  girls  shall  receive  credit  for  work 
done  outside  of  the  school  hours  upon  the  farm  and  in  the  home.” 

State  Board  for  Vocational  Education — Art.  4,  Ch.  95,  C.  S.  To 
“have  full  authority  to  formulate  plans  for  the  promotion  of  voca¬ 
tional  education  in  such  subjects  as  an  essential  and  integral  part  of  the 
public  school  system  of  education  in  the  State  of  North  Carolina.” 

Marking  and  Preservation  of  Historical  Sites 

Historical  Commission — Art.  1,  Ch.  102,  C.  S.  “To  care  for  the 
proper  marking  and  preservation  of  battlefields,  houses,  and  other  places 
celebrated  in  the  history  of  the  State.” 

Appomattox  Commission — Art.  1,  Ch.  113,  C.  S.  To  “have  the  charge 
and  control  of  said  lots  (at  Appomattox  Courthouse)  and  of  the  erection 
thereon  of  such  permanent  memorials  as  they  may  deem  proper.” 


243 


EXHIBIT  III 

GROUPING  OF  NONRELATED  FUNCTIONS  WITHIN  A  SINGLE 
DEPARTMENT  AND  PROPOSED  DISTRIBUTION 

Department  of  Labor  and  Printing: 

Present  Functions — 

1.  Labor  statistics. 

2.  State  printing. 

3.  Compilation  of  data  on  tlie  natural  resources  of  the  State. 
Departments  to  Handle  Under  Proposed  Distribution — 

1.  Labor  and  Industry. 

2.  Administration. 

3.  Natural  Resources. 

Corporation  Commission  : 

Present  Functions — 

1.  Regulation  of  public  utilities. 

2.  Bank  examination  and  inspection. 

3.  Adjustment  of  local  tax  assessments  (chairman  ex  officio 

member  State  Board  of  Equalization). 

Departments  to  Handle  Under  Proposed  Distribution — 

1.  Public  Utilities. 

2.  Banking  and  Insurance. 

3.  Taxation  and  Revenue. 

Department  of  Agriculture: 

Present  Functions — 

1.  Promotion  of  agricultural  interests  of  the- State. 

2.  Administering  certain  laws  relating  to  the  investigation  of 

timber  conditions,  statistics  on  mines,  minerals,  forests, 
fisheries,  waters  and  water-power,  and  the  propagation  and 
culture  of  fish. 

Departments  to  Handle  Under  Proposed  Distribution — 

1.  Agriculture. 

2.  Natural  Resources. 

Secretary  of  State  : 

Present  Functions — - 

1.  Issuance  of  certificates  of  incorporation;  custody  of  official 

documents,  election  rolls  and  State  papers;  distribution  of 
printed  matter  for  elections;  publication  and  distribution 
of  laws. 

2.  Issuance  of  automobile  licenses  and  certificates,  collection  of 

automobile  license  tax  and  gasoline  road  tax. 


244 


Departments  to  Handle  Under  Proposed  Distribution — 

1.  State. 

2.  Taxation  and  Revenue. 

Historical  Commission  : 

Present  Functions — 

1.  Collection  and  preservation  of  historical  documents,  records, 

etc. 

2.  Supervision  and  direction  of  Legislative  Reference  Library. 
Departments  to  Handle  Under  Proposed  Distribution — 

1.  Education. 

2.  Education. 

Department  of  Insurance  : 

Present  Functions — 

1.  Regulation  of  all  classes  of  insurance  companies  doing  busi¬ 

ness  in  the  State,  and  enforcement  of  laws  relating  thereto. 

2.  Collection  of  taxes  on  premium  receipts. 

Departments  to  Handle  Under  Proposed  Distribution — 

1.  Banking  and  Insurance. 

2.  Taxation  and  Revenue. 


245 


) 


EXHIBIT  IV 

SCATTERING  OF  RELATED  FUNCTIONS 

Assessment  and  F  axation — State  Board  of  Education,  Department  of 
Revenue,  Department  of  Insurance,  Treasurer’s  Office,  Auditor’s  Office, 
Department  of  Agriculture,  Secretary  of  State’s  Office. 

N atural  Resources — Geological  Board,  Department  of  Agriculture, 
Fisheries  Commission  Board,  Audubon  Society,  Department  of  Labor 
and  Printing. 

Library  Worl : — Trustees  of  State  Library,  Library  Commission,  Trus¬ 
tees  of  Law  Library,  Historical  Commission,  Superintendent  of  Public 
Instruction. 

Janitorial  Work- — Keeper  of  tbe  Capitol,  Custodian  State  Depart¬ 
ments  Building,  Custodian  Administration  Building. 

Child  Welfare — -Child  Welfare  Commission  administers  and  enforces 
Child  Labor  Law  (Art.  1,  Cb.  90,  C.  S.).  State  Board  of  Charities  and 
Public  Welfare  directed  “to  study  and  promote  tbe  welfare  of  tbe  de¬ 
pendent  and  delinquent  child.”  (Art.  1,  Cb.  88,  C.  S.) 


246 


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248 


EXHIBIT  VI 

ANALYSIS  OF  GOVERNOR  S  APPOINTING  POWER 
No  Appointing  Power 

Elective  officers,  ex  officio  boards,  and  boards  appointed  by  agencies  or 
individuals  other  than  the  Governor.  Total,  48. 

Elective  Officers  (12) — Secretary  of  State,  Auditor,  Treasurer,  Super¬ 
intendent  of  Public  Instruction,  Attorney-General,  Corporation  Com¬ 
mission  (3),  Commissioner  of  Labor  and  Printing,  Commissioner  of 
Insurance,  Commissioner  of  Agriculture,  Commissioner  of  Revenue. 

Ex  Officio  Boards  (16) — Council  of  State,  State  Board  of  Education, 
Budget  Commission,  Board  of  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  Printing 
Commission,  Board  of  State  Canvassers,  Municipal  Board  of  Control, 
State  Pension  Board,  Board  of  Equalization,  Trustees  of  State  Library, 
Trustees  of  Law  Library,  Advisory  Board  of  Parole,  Child  Welfare 
Commission,  Crop  Pest  Commission,  Trustees  of  Tuberculosis  Sana¬ 
torium,  Salary  Standardization  Board. 

Administrative  Boards  (4) — State  Committee  on  High  School  Text¬ 
books,  Commission  for  Revision  of  the  Laws,  Special  Legislative  School 
Commission,  Joint  Committee  for  Agricultural  Work. 

State  Examining  Boards  (4) — Board  of  Chiropody  Examiners,  Board 
of  Embalmers,  Board  of  Medical  Examiners,  Board  of  Examiners  of 
Trained  Nurses. 

Institutions  (12) — Directors  of  Women’s  College,  Directors  of  Tuber¬ 
culosis  Sanatorium,  Trustees  of  East  Carolina  Teachers’  College;  Trus¬ 
tees  of  Cullowdiee  Normal,  Trustees  of  Appalachian  Training  School, 
Trustees  of  Cherokee  Indian  Normal,  Trustees  of  Fayetteville  Normal, 
Trustees  of  Elizabeth  City  Normal,  Trustees  of  Slater  Normal,  Trustees 
of  University  of  North  Carolina,  Trustees  of  Negro  A.  and  T.  College, 
Trustees  of  Colored  Orphanage. 

Divided  Appointing  Power 

Appointments  made  jointly  by  Governor  and  other  agency,  either  on 
recommendation  of  such  agency  or  in  conjunction  therewith.  Total,  12. 

Administrative  Boards  and  Officers  (6)— State  Board  of  Charities, 
Text-book  Commission,  Quarantine  Board,  Library  Commission,  State 
Board  of  Health,  Game  Wardens  (Audubon  Society). 

State  Examining  Boards  (4) — Board  of  Chiropractic  Examiners, 
Board  of  Dental  Examiners,  Board  of  Osteopathic  Examination  and 
Registration,  Board  of  Pharmacy. 

Institutions  (2) — Directors  of  Oxford  Orphanage,  Directors  of  Sol¬ 
diers’  Home. 


249 


Complete  Appointing  Power 

Appointments  made  solely  by  Governor  and  those  requiring  confirma¬ 
tion  by  the  Senate.  Boards  having  ex  officio  representation  also  in¬ 
cluded.  Total,  36. 

Administrative  Boards  and  Officers  (18) — Board  of  Agriculture,  State 
Highway  Commission,  Geological  Board,  Board  of  Internal  Improve¬ 
ments,  State  Board  of  Elections,  Board  for  Vocational  Education,  Col¬ 
lege  Commission,  Historical  Commission,  Fisheries  Commission  Board, 
Appomattox  Commission,  Board  of  Commissioners  of  Navigation  and 
Pilotage,  Soldier  Settlement  Board,  Memorial  Building  Commission, 
Reconstruction  Commission,  Railroad  Stock  Commission,  Adjutant  Gen¬ 
eral,  State  Geologist,  State  Standard  Keeper. 

State  Examining  Boards  (5) — Board  of  Accountancy,  Board  of 
Architectural  Examination  and  Registration,  Board  of  Registration  for 
Engineers  and  Land  Surveyors,  Board  of  Examiners  in  Optometry, 
Board  of  Veterinary  Medical  Examiners. 

Institutions  (13)— Directors  of  Central  Hospital,  Directors  of  Western 
Hospital,  Directors  of  Eastern  Hospital,  Directors  of  Caswell  Training- 
School,  Directors  of  State  Prison  and  Hospital  for  Dangerous  Insane, 
Directors  of  School  for  Blind  and  Deaf,  Directors  of  Confederate 
Women’s  Home,  Directors  of  School  for  Deaf,  Trustees  of  Stonewall 
Jackson  Training  School,  Trustees  of  Training  School  tor  Negro  Boys, 
Trustees  of  A.  and  E.  College,  Trustees  of  Orthopaedic  Hospital,  Mana¬ 
gers  of  Industrial  School  for  Girls. 


EXHIBIT  VII 

EX  OFFICIO  BOARDS  (10) 

(Not  including  boards  whose  membership  is  partially  cx  officio) 


250 


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Includes  member  of  minority  party  appointed  by  Governor. 


STATE  EXAMINING  BOARDS  (13) 


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NOTE- — The  total  annual  receipts  of  the  thirteen  examining  boards  derived  from  examination,  renewal,  and  other  license  fees, 
amount  to  approximately  $25,000.  Only  two,  the  Board  of  Accountancy  and  the  Board  of  Dental  Examiners,  are  required  to  turn 
any  surplus  into  the  State  Treasury,  the  remaining  eleven  being  permitted  to  retain  all  moneys  collected.  Only  five  of  the  boards  are 
required  to  submit  reports  to  the  Governor. 


EXHIBIT  IX 

PROPOSED  DEPARTMENT  HEADS  (16) 


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Note. — The  term  of  each  of  the  above  officers  will  uniformly  be  4  years,  except  Public  Utilities  Commissioners,  who  will  have 
overlapping  terms  of  6  years. 


PROPOSED  ADVISORY  BOARDS  (14) 


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EXHIBIT  XI 

PRESENT  AND  PROPOSED  ORGANIZATION  OF  INSTITUTIONAL  BOARDS  (28) 


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EXHIBIT  XII 

STATES  WHICH  HAVE  ADOPTED  REORGANIZATION  (8) 
Administrative  Departments 

I.  Illinois  (1917)  : 

1.  Finance. 

2.  Agriculture. 

3.  Labor. 

■4.  Mines  and  Minerals. 

5.  Public  Works. 

6.  Public  Welfare. 

7.  Public  Health. 

8.  Trade  and  Commerce. 

9.  Registration  and  Education. 

II.  Idaho  (1919)  : 

1.  Agriculture. 

2.  Commerce  and  Industry. 

3.  Finance. 

4.  Immigration,  Labor,  and  Statistics. 

5.  Public  Investment. 

6.  Law  Enforcement. 

7.  Public  Welfare. 

8.  Public  Works. 

9.  Reclamation. 

III.  Nebraska  (1919)  : 

1.  Finance. 

2.  Agriculture. 

3.  Labor. 

4.  Trade  and  Commerce. 

5.  Public  Welfare. 

6.  Public  Works. 

IV.  Massachusetts  (1919)  : 

1.  Secretary  of  tbe  Commonwealth. 

2.  Treasurer  and  Receiver  General. 

3.  Attorney-General. 

4.  Metropolitan  District  Commission. 

5.  Agriculture. 

6.  Conservation. 

7.  Banking  and  Insurance. 

8.  Corporations  and  Taxation. 

9.  Education. 

10.  Civil  Service  and  Registration. 

11.  Industrial  Accidents. 


257 


12.  Labor  and  Industries. 

13.  Mental  Diseases. 

14.  Correction. 

15.  Public  Welfare. 

16.  Public  Health. 

17.  Public  Safety. 

18.  Public  Works. 

19.  Public  Utilities. 

20.  Auditor  of  Commonwealth. 

Y.  California  (1921)  : 

1.  Administrative. 

2.  Preventative. 

3.  Curative. 

4.  Conservative  and  Defensive. 

5.  Developmental. 

6.  Keclamatory. 

7.  Educational. 

8.  Finance. 

9.  Law. 

10.  Sanitation  and  Hygiene. 

11.  Commerce  and  Labor. 

12.  Charities  and  Welfare. 

13.  Corrections. 

14.  Care  of  Defective. 

15.  Conservation. 

16.  Defense. 

17.  Public  Works. 

18.  Hatural  Resources. 

19.  Education. 


YI.  Ohio  (1921)  : 

1.  Statutory  reorganization  based  on  Illinois  Plan. 

YII.  Washington  (1921)  : 

1.  Statutory  reorganization  based  on  Illinois  Plan. 

YIII.  Maryland  (1922)  : 

1.  Executive. 

2.  Finance. 

3.  Law. 

4.  Education. 

5.  State  Board  of  Agriculture  and  the  Regents  of  the  Uni¬ 

versity  of  Maryland. 

6.  Militia. 

7.  Welfare. 

8.  Charities. 


—17 


258 


9.  Health. 

10.  Public  Works. 

11.  Commissioner  of  Motor  Vehicles. 

12.  Conservation. 

13.  Public  Utilities. 

14.  State  Industrial  Accident  Commission. 

15.  Commissioner  of  Labor  and  Statistics. 

16.  State  Employment  and  Registration. 

17.  Inspector  of  Tobacco. 

18.  State  Board  of  Censors. 

19.  Racing  Commission. 


259 


EXHIBIT  XIII 

STATES  PROPOSING  OR  CONSIDERING  REORGANIZATION  (14) 
Proposed  Administrative  Departments 

I.  New  York  : 

1.  Executive. 

2.  Audit  and  Control. 

3.  Taxation  and  Finance. 

4.  Attorney-General. 

5.  State. 

6.  Public  Works. 

7.  Conservation. 

8.  Agriculture  and  Markets. 

9.  Labor. 

10.  Education. 

11.  Health. 

12.  Mental  Hygiene. 

13.  Charities. 

14.  Correction. 

15.  Public  Service. 

16.  Banking. 

17.  Insurance. 

18.  Military  and  Naval  Affairs. 

19.  Civil  Service. 

II.  Oregon  : 

1.  Finance. 

2.  Law. 

3.  Tax. 

4.  Education. 

5.  Labor. 

6.  Health. 

7.  Agriculture. 

8.  Trade  and  Commerce. 

9.  Public  Welfare. 

10.  Public  Works. 

III.  Delaware  : 

1.  Finance. 

2.  Labor  and  Industry. 

3.  Health. 

4.  Public  Welfare. 

5.  Agriculture. 

6.  Highways  and  Drainage. 

7.  Education. 

8.  Law. 


260 


IY.  Iowa. 

Y.  Minnesota. 
YI.  Arizona. 

YII.  Michigan. 
YIII.  Missouri. 

IX.  Xew  Mexico. 

X.  Tennessee. 

XI.  Arkansas. 

XII.  Connecticut. 

XIII.  Texas. 

XIV.  Pennsylvania. 


invi  >0  ry-o^o^ 


EXHIBIT  XIV 


Sol*  iuUtorltf 
£x-Of fiolo 
Ruirlotloo 
Advleory 


STATE  boa*D  Of  f£ SMOtt 


Judiciary 


Audit  ano  Control 


DEPARTMENT  OF  REVENUE 


|<»  STATE  BOAHP  Of  EQUAL  I  /ATI  Of 


jbaLroao  of  Corporation  CoMidioo  aa-offlolo  aaabor. 
svot#  Libp» ri»n  OA-Offlolo  mabr  of  Library  CoaKleelon. 
Juetlooe  of  th«  Supraao  Coart. 

Bo*ri  of  liaalth  appoint*  board  of  k»b4laoro. 
r'r*»id«*'-  Of  Board  of  hoolth  appoint#  too  anabors 
of  Ciuaranttno  Board. 

o.orotorr  of  Board  of  Boaltb  and  fraaldant  of  8Ut»  Board 
of  Ct»rltlaa  OA-offlolo  aoaboro  of  QUld  Bolforo 
C  ooxl  •  •  l  oo  • 

Aodubon  Soolot/  of  forth  Coroltno  porforaa  ototo 
funotlooa  but  not  undar  atata  jurladiotlon . 

Zt  appoint*  local  g*M  »•  rdana  and  anforaoa 
bird  end  gaaa  laoo  In  Z2  oouotloe. 


STATE  BOARD  OF  fBUCAT/Of 


BOA^P  POft  VOCATIONAL  eDUCATlO* 


tmt  eoo*.  comrcsio* 


Auditor 


state  cowry  cw  men  school  tiat  e«ncj  (y| 


Taxation  am  Revenue 


LIBRARY  COMMISSION 


STATS  II  BRAKY  BOARD 


TROSHAS  LAIS 


COLLEGE  COMMISSION 


HISTORICAL  COMMISSION 


Education 


Judiciary 


APTOMTTO^  CPWfJlSSlCM 


Lieut.  Governor 


&HRD  Of  ACC0UH7ANCT 


1 80  OF  ARCHITECTURAL  EXAM.  &  RgCI ST'lt 


&OARD  OF  CHI  HOBO  D)  EXAWfiS  (3 


Superintendent  or 
Public  Instruction 


board  or  CHIROPRACTIC  ULH'V> 


Board  or  kktaJ.  Examiners 


BOARD  or  EH8AIRER5 


Secretary  or  State 


■80  01  RED-  FOR  FRCAKO  IAKO  SURVEYORS  (sj— 


Mt gun  ays  A  Public  Worn 


Board  of  hfqical  examiners  ( 7 


BOARD  OF  EAAIAINER5  W  OPTOMETRY  (3 


[SOARg  OF  OSTEOPATHIC  EXAM,  &  R£6lS  IS\— 


Attorney  General 


Agriculture 


dOAAD  OP  PHARMACY 


BO  OF  BXARINAnOH  OF  THRIWP  W<>SB5<g[— 


SO  OF  VETERINARY  MEDICAL  ELAJHHfcRS  (5| 


Natural  Resources 


STATE  HIGHWAY  COMMISSION  (I0| 


BOARD  OP  AGRICULTUKB 


CROP  PE  ST  CRMHISSIOH 


Labor  and  Industry 


COUNCIL  OF  STATE 

(erx-  omao) 

AUDITOR,  TREASURCr,  SECY 

or  stave,  jure***  reriocnr 
or  roe  Lie  /NsrirucnoM 


JOWT  COWft.  OH  AGRICULTURAL 


STATE  STANDARD  KEEPER 


CtOLDCICKL  AND  ECONOMIC  SURVEY  (5 


Administration 


FISHERIES  COMMISSION  60AR0 


Commissioner 
or  Revenue 


■  60  OF  COMM.  OF  KLVIC’N  &  PILOTAO*  (5 


STATE  fleCPNJTROCTION  CCMMlS’H  (36 


Heal  tn 


BUDGET  COMMISSION 


Commissioner 

OR  AGRICULTURE 


SAURY  STAHPARDIZ/YTIOH  BOARD  (5  I — 


OF  INTERNAL  IMPA0YlMIi<T3  (3 


DP  OF  PUBLIC  BUILDINCS  S  CROUmS 


PRINT  IRC  COMMISSION 


Corporation 

Commission 


state  board  of  health  (10 


Banking  and  Insurance 


Legislature : 


QUARANTINE  WARD 


>TAT£  6D  Of  CHARITIES  N*V  PU0.  SfEtPARE (f! 


Commissioner  or 
Labor  and  Printing 


Public  Utilities 


CHILD  NTLfAflf  COW)  331 0»  (3 


STATE  BOAKO  Of  ELECTIONS 


PRESENT  AND 


PROPOSED 


ORGAN /Z A  T I  ON 


board  oi  state  canvassers  (s 


Commissioner  or 
Insurance 


Military  Affairs 


MJBICIPAI  AOAflD  Of  CONTROL  1 3 


departments. 


BOARDS  & 


COMMISSIONS 


A0JV7AHT  CENTRAL 


state:  or  north  Carolina 

1922 


S018f£X  $£TTU^NT  0O4PJ)  (3 


caa.  FOR  REVISION  OP  THj  LAVS  (S 


special  legislative  school  colons  *16 


W.  B.  RIC  HAROS  A  CV 
accountants  a  engineers 
new  York  City 


PROFNOSEO  ORGANIZATION- 

SH0MN6  CONSOLIDATION 


Legislature 

/ 

RAILROAD  STOCK  C0TO1SSI0M  (jj 

-  —  V 

MEMORIAL  BOILED NC  COWH3S10N  ( uj 

Law 

Auditor 

Treasurer 

Superintendent  of 
Public  instruction 

G  o  vRr/uofe 

Lieut.  Governor 

Secretary  or  State 

Attorney  General 

..... 


v^h'^avi\> 


EXHIBIT  XIV 

CHART  OF 

PRESENT  AND  PROPOSED  ORGANIZATION 

OF  THE 

STATE  OF  NORTH  CAROLINA 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX  OF  DEPARTMENTS,  BOARDS, 
COMMISSIONS  AND  INSTITUTIONS 


DEPARTMENTS,  BOARDS  AND  COMMISSIONS 

PAGE 

Accountancy,  State  Board  of .  155 

Adjutant  General’s  Department .  193 

Agriculture,  Department  of .  170 

Agriculture,  State  Board .  172 

Appomattox  Commission .  137 

Architectural  Examination  and  Registration,  Board  of .  156 

Attorney-General’s  Department .  16S 

Auditor’s  Department . •. .  142 

Audubon  Society.. .  183 

Budget  Commission .  135 

Canvassers,  Board  of  State . 140 

Charities,  State  Board  of .  195 

Child  Welfare  Commission. . 198 

Chiropody  Examiners,  Board  of .  157 

Chiropractic  Examiners,  Board  of . . . 158 

College  Commission  .  154 

Council  of  State . „ .  129 

Corporation  Commission  .  187 

Crop  Pest  Commission.. .  174 

Dental  Examiners,  Board  of .  159 

Education,  Department  of .  145 

Education,  State  Board  of .  146 

Elections,  State  Board  of . 139 

Embalmers,  State  Board  of .  160 

Engineers  and  Land  Surveyors,  Board  of  Registration .  161 

Equalization,  State  Board  of .  179 

Fisheries  Commission  Board .  182 

Geological  Board  .  180 

Governor’s  Office .  127 

Health,  State  Board  of .  176 

High  School  Text-books,  State  Committee  on .  150 

Highway  Commission .  189 

Historical  Commission .  14S 

Insurance,  Department  of . 191 

Internal  Improvements,  Board  of . 1 .  130 


264 


PAGE 

Joint  Committee  for  Agricultural  Work .  173 

Labor  and  Printing,  Department  of .  184 

Law  Library,  Trustees . . .  153 

Laws,  Commission  for  Revision  of . 169 

Library  Commission  .  151 

Medical  Examiners,  State  Board  of .  162 

Memorial  Building  Commission .  201 

Municipal  Board  of  Control .  141 

Navigation  and  Pilotage,  Board  of  Commissioners  of .  186 

Optometry,  Board  of  Examiners  in .  163 

Osteopathic  Examination  and  Registration,  Board  of .  164 

Parole,  Advisory  Board  of . . ; .  197 

Pensions,  State  Board  of .  133 

Pharmacy,  Board  of .  165 

Printing  Commission .  132 

Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  Board  of .  131 

Quarantine  Board .  177 

Railroad  Stock  Commission .  200 

Reconstruction  Commission  .  199 

Revenue,  Department  of .  178 

Salary  Standardization  Board .  136 

School  Commission,  Special  Legislative .  202 

Secretary  of  State’s  Department .  13S 

Soldier  Settlement  Board . : .  194 

Standard  Keeper,  State .  175 

State  Library,  Trustees . 152 

Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction .  145 

Text-book  Commission .  149 

Trained  Nurses,  Board  of  Examiners  of .  166 

Treasurer’s  Department  . 144 

» 

Vocational  Education,  State  Board  for .  147 

Veterinary  Medical  Examiners,  Board  of .  167 


265 


INSTITUTIONS 

PAGE 

Appalachian  Training  School  for  Teachers .  215 


Blind  and  Deaf.  State  School  for .  231 

Caswell  Training  School  for  Feebleminded .  224 

Cherokee  Indian  Normal  School .  216 

Confederate  Women’s  Home .  23S 

Oullowhee  Normal  and  Industrial  School .  214 

Deaf  (White).  North  Carolina  School  for .  233 

East  Carolina  Teachers’  College . . .  213 

Elizabeth  City  Normal  School  (Colored) .  218 

Fayetteville  Normal  School  (Colored) .  217 

Negro  Agricultural  and  Technical  College..: .  211 

Negro  Boys,  Training  School  for .  230 


Orphan  Asylum,  Oxford .  239 

Orphanage  (Colored),  Oxford .  240 

Orthopaedic  Hospital  .  236 


Slater  Industrial  and  State  Normal  School  (Colored)  — 

Soldiers’  Home  . . 

State  Agricultural  and  Engineering  College . 

State  Home  and  Industrial  School  for  Girls  and  Women 

State  Hospital  for  Dangerous  Insane . . . . 

State  Hospital  for  Insane  at  Goldsboro  (Colored) . . 

State  Hospital  for  Insane  at  Morganton . . 

State  Hospital  for  Insane  at  Raleigh . 

State  Prison  . . 

Stonewall  Jackson  Training  and  Industrial  School . . 


219 
237 
207 
229 
227 
223 
222 

220 
225 
22S 


Tuberculosis  Sanatorium 


235 


University  of  North  Carolina 


205 


Women’s  College  of  North  Carolina 


209 


-'5' 


■ 


This  book  must  not 
be  taken  from  the 
Library  building. 


if 


■mru* 


